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US History timeline & concept chart: 1789-1860 Early Republic to Antebellum: Difference between revisions
US History timeline & concept chart: 1789-1860 Early Republic to Antebellum (view source)
Revision as of 19:13, 12 May 2021
, 12 May 2021→1790s Washington m& Adams administrations
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Other concepts & terms: | Other concepts & terms: | ||
''' | '''Constitutional interpretation''' | ||
* | Constitutional interpretation: | ||
* '''enumerated powers''' | |||
''' | ** = powers specifically listed in Constitution | ||
** ex. Article I, Section 8: ''Congress shall have the power to...'' | |||
''' | * '''implied powers''' | ||
** “necessary and proper” = implied powers required to enforce enumerated powers | |||
* '''strict construction''' | |||
* = word for word interpretation | |||
** advocated by Jefferson and Madison | |||
** Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions called for it | |||
* '''broad or loose construction (interpretation) | |||
** = interpreted “necessary and proper” loosely, expansively | |||
** advocated by Adams and Hamilton | |||
''' new States''': | ''' new States''': | ||
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* Kentucky (“western”), 1792 | * Kentucky (“western”), 1792 | ||
* Tennessee (“western”), 1796 | * Tennessee (“western”), 1796 | ||
'''Northwest Territories''' and '''Northwest Ordinance''' of 1787 | |||
[[File:Northwest-territory-usa-1787.png|thumb|Northwest-territory-usa-1787|alt=Northwest-territory-usa-1787.png]] | |||
* in 1878 the Continental Congress organized land ceded by England north of the Ohio River to the Great Lakes into a "territory" | |||
** was first post-colonial "incorporated territory" = formally organized and governed by Federal government | |||
* American settlers moving into the Territory sparked conflicts with Native tribes, known as the '''Northwest Indian War''' | |||
** Gen. "Mad" Anthony Wayne, commander of the American Army and Revolutionary War hero, defeated Native resistance at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794 | |||
** '''Treaty of Greenville''' (1795) with the Western Confederacy, Native American Tribes led by the Delaware (tribe), formally opened the Territory to settlement | |||
'''Political parties''' | |||
* emerged by Washington's 2nd term | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! | |||
! '''Federalists''' | |||
! '''Democratic-Republicans''' | |||
|- | |||
| Leaders | |||
|| Adams, Hamilton | |||
|| Jefferson, Madison | |||
|- | |||
| Policies | |||
|| pro-national bank, pro-Fed gov powers, interpret constitution loosely, pro industry & commerce, pro-British | |||
|| anti-national bank, states’ rights, interpret constitution strictly, pro farming, pro-French | |||
|- | |||
| Notes | |||
|| party diminishes after War of 1812 War which it opposed and due to Monroe's adoption of some Federalist policies (bank, tariff: see '''Era of Good Feelings''') | |||
|| becomes '''Democratic''' party; Jefferson considered its founder | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||