5,082
edits
AP US History vocabulary list: Difference between revisions
no edit summary
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 1,282: | Line 1,282: | ||
The Civil War led to significant dispossession and forced migration of Indian tribes west of the Mississippi. With the US military focused on the War, settlers formed militia to fight hostile native tribes, which led to abuse and at least one massacre at Sand Creek, Colorado. | The Civil War led to significant dispossession and forced migration of Indian tribes west of the Mississippi. With the US military focused on the War, settlers formed militia to fight hostile native tribes, which led to abuse and at least one massacre at Sand Creek, Colorado. | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Dakota rebellion | 1862; following Minnesota statehood in 1858, the new state government reneged on prior agreements with the Dakota tribes to provide money and supplies in exchange for living in a designated region; Dakota appeals for fair treatment were ignored by the state, and in response the Dakota launched a surprise attack in 1862, burning farms and killing settlers, with 400 dead and thousands of whites fleeing; with help of nearby states, the government and US military responded ferociously and captured and sentenced 307 Dakota warriors to death; Lincoln authorized 38 executions (the largest mass execution in US history); during the trials, Dakota tribes were gathered in an enclosed camp at Pike Island, near St. Paul, where dozens of tribe peoples died of a measles epidemic; the US military had to protect the Dakota from attacks by local Minnesotans}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Fetterman massacre | in response to the Sand Creek Massacre, native tribes attacked white settlers across the middle West, including in Wyoming where in 1866 Sioux warriors killed 80 US soldiers}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Fetterman massacre | 1866; in response to the Sand Creek Massacre, native tribes attacked white settlers across the middle West, including in Wyoming where in 1866 Sioux warriors killed 80 US soldiers}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text: Indian Wars| series of US Army campaigns against western tribes; after another massacre of Indians in 1870 by US soldiers (killing 173 Blackfeet), President Grant ordered a revision of US government policies towards the Native Americans, including to appoint reform-minded leaders from the abolition movement to guide official policy, leading to such things as tribal land organization, new treaties, and building of schools}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text: Indian Wars| series of US Army campaigns against western tribes; after another massacre of Indians in 1870 by US soldiers (killing 173 Blackfeet), President Grant ordered a revision of US government policies towards the Native Americans, including to appoint reform-minded leaders from the abolition movement to guide official policy, leading to such things as tribal land organization, new treaties, and building of schools}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Long Walk | forced migration of Navajo from western to eastern New Mexico by the US military }}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Long Walk | forced migration of Navajo from western to eastern New Mexico by the US military }}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Sand Creek Massacre | Cheyenne tribes were instructed by US government agents to move to Sand Creek for protection from hostile settlers who were aggressively attacking tribes following the Dakota rebellion of 1862; before a treaty could be signed, on Nov 29, 1864 a Colorado militia attacked the camp and killed over 100 women and children; native tribes across the west retaliated, leading to further mutual violence}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Sand Creek Massacre | 1864; Cheyenne tribes in Colorado were instructed by US government agents to move to Sand Creek for protection from hostile settlers who were aggressively attacking tribes following the Dakota rebellion of 1862; before a treaty could be signed, on Nov 29, 1864 a Colorado militia attacked the camp and killed over 100 women and children; native tribes across the west retaliated, leading to further mutual violence}}</ul></li> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
| Line 1,299: | Line 1,298: | ||
* 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments | * 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments | ||
* black codes | * black codes | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:"bloody shirt"|from the apocryphal (likely but not true) story of Rep. Benj. Butler in 1871 holding up a blood-stained shirt on the floor of the House of Representatives, which was supposedly from a carpetbagger who had been whipped by the KKK; Butler's speech was condemned by southerners who mocked the speech for having "waved the | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:"bloody shirt"| from the apocryphal (likely but not true) story of Rep. Benj. Butler in 1871 holding up a blood-stained shirt on the floor of the House of Representatives, which was supposedly from a carpetbagger who had been whipped by the KKK; Butler's speech was condemned by southerners who mocked the speech for having "waved the bloody shirt" in a pathetic appeal; the term was used subsequently to accuse Republicans of trying to gain sympathy for their stances on the Civil War and Reconstruction, as well as later policies}}</ul></li> | ||
* Compromise of 1877 | * Compromise of 1877 | ||
* 40 acres and a mule | * 40 acres and a mule | ||
| Line 1,314: | Line 1,313: | ||
* Reconstruction Act of 1867 | * Reconstruction Act of 1867 | ||
* Reconstruction programs: | * Reconstruction programs: | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Reconstruction Plans | |||
|- | |||
! Lincoln !! Johnson !! Radical Republicans !! Actual | |||
|- | |||
| Lenient || Lenien|| Punitive|| Mixed | |||
|- | |||
| Lincoln proposed the "10 Percent Plan" under which, once 10% of voters, based on the 1860 election results, swore an oath of allegiance and accepted emancipation, the state could rejoin the union || Johnson wanted to follow Lincoln's plan but he also wanted to pardon former Confederates and allow them to reorganize their governments. He opposed the Civil Rights Act, which was passed over his veto || Wanted complete Northern military control of the south in order to establish new governments that ensured full civil rights and political freedoms for former slaves, while restricting the voting rights of Confederate leaders and soldiers|| The Civil Rights Act of 1866 did not include the right to vote for freed male slaves, and along with the Reconstruction Act of 1867, which banned voting by Confederates soldiers, these acts had no meaningful enforcement mechanisms; by 1872, support for Reconstruction was waning, and Congress passed the Amnesty Act of 1872, which allowed former Confederate soldiers to vote | |||
|- | |||
| Example || Example || Example || Example | |||
|} | |||
</div> | </div> | ||