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AP US History vocabulary list: Difference between revisions
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<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Caravel|trans-oceanic sailing ship developed by the Portuguese that allowed for long voyages and the ability to "cut" into the wind for manueverability; since they were small and had a shallow draft (didn't go deep into the water), caravels were especially useful for exploring coastlines, bays and up rivers; into the "triangle trade" period, caravels were replaced by larger the "carrack" and, later, the "galleon"}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Caravel|trans-oceanic sailing ship developed by the Portuguese that allowed for long voyages and the ability to "cut" into the wind for manueverability; since they were small and had a shallow draft (didn't go deep into the water), caravels were especially useful for exploring coastlines, bays and up rivers; into the "triangle trade" period, caravels were replaced by larger the "carrack" and, later, the "galleon"}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Henry Hudson|not an important name to know for the AP test, but Hudson exemplifies the British purposes of exploration: he desperately wanted to find a way to Asia, but kept running into more land}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Henry Hudson|not an important name to know for the AP test, but Hudson exemplifies the initial British and Dutch purposes of exploration: he desperately wanted to find a way to Asia, but kept running into more land; he sailed in 1607 for the Dutch, and claimed modern New York for them; then sailed for the Birith in 1610 and made claims in Canada ("Hudson Bay" which he was convinced was the "northwest passage" to Asia)}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:conquistador|Spanish explorers and adventurers who conquered parts of the Americas, particulary Hernán Cortés (Mexico, 1519-21) and Francisco Pizarro (Peru, 1532)}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:conquistador|Spanish explorers and adventurers who conquered parts of the Americas, particulary Hernán Cortés (Mexico, 1519-21) and Francisco Pizarro (Peru, 1532)}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text: St. Lawrence waterways|the St. Lawrence River passageway that was an important pre-colonial trade route that explorer Jacques Cartier in 1532 claimed for France and that was a significant part of French trade and colonial possessions in "New France"; the St. Lawrence River connects to the Great Lakes and thus provided trade access to the Ohio Valley}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text: St. Lawrence waterways|the St. Lawrence River passageway that was an important pre-colonial trade route that explorer Jacques Cartier in 1532 claimed for France and that was a significant part of French trade and colonial possessions in "New France"; the St. Lawrence River connects to the Great Lakes and thus provided trade access to the Ohio Valley}}</ul></li> | ||
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=== Spanish Colonial === | === Spanish Colonial === | ||
<div style="column-count:2"> | <div style="column-count:2"><ul><li>{{#tip-text:asiento|""asiento" means "contract; the "Asiento de Negros" was a trade agreement between Britain and Spain over rights to slave trade passages controlled by Spain}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:asiento|""asiento" means "contract; the "Asiento de Negros" was a trade agreement between Britain and Spain over rights to slave trade passages controlled by Spain}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:De Las Casas|Spanish priest Bartolomé de las Casas wrote in 1542 "A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies" documenting Spanish abuse of Native Americans}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:De Las Casas|Spanish priest Bartolomé de las Casas wrote in 1542 "A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies" documenting Spanish abuse of Native Americans}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Encomienda|from ''encomendar'' for to "entrust", a land and labor grant as reward to ''conquistadores'' for conquests on behalf of Spain; the ''encomenderos'' thus claimed large lands and plantations using enslaved native labor; the ''encomienda'' system incentivized Spanish conquest and expansion across the world; the system was outlawed in 1542 when Natives were granted limited Spanish citizenship (i.e., "subjects" of the Spanish king); it was replaced by the ''repartiamento'' system}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Encomienda|from ''encomendar'' for to "entrust", a land and labor grant as reward to ''conquistadores'' for conquests on behalf of Spain; the ''encomenderos'' thus claimed large lands and plantations using enslaved native labor; the ''encomienda'' system incentivized Spanish conquest and expansion across the world; the system was outlawed in 1542 when Natives were granted limited Spanish citizenship (i.e., "subjects" of the Spanish king); it was replaced by the ''repartiamento'' system}}</ul></li> | ||
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===Dutch and French colonialism === | ===Dutch and French colonialism === | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Beaver War| 1600s conflicts between the French and their Algonquin allies and the Iroquois League that opposed them}}}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Beaver War| 1600s conflicts between the French and their Algonquin allies and the Iroquois League that opposed them}}}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:''couriers de bois''|French "runners" sent to explore and live with local inhabitants across the Great Lakes region}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:''couriers de bois''|French "runners" sent to explore and live with local inhabitants across the Great Lakes region}}</ul> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:New Amsterdam|now Manhattan, a Dutch city established in 1626 at head of the Hudson River and which served as an important port for Dutch fur trade and trade and piracy across the Atlantic Coast and Caribbean; Dutch holdings, called New Netherlands, included lower New York, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Jersey and Delaware, all of which were ceded to Britain in 1664 (breifly retaken by the Dutch in 1673/4 }}</ul> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:New France|French colonial possessions in North America, from theSt. Lawrence waterway to the Great Lakes and along the Mississippi River to New Orleans; northern New France was primarily focused on fur trade, although cities were established with French migrants; the French explored the Great Lakes, which is why Champlain, Detroit, LaSalle, St. Croix, Duluth, etc.}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text: | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:New France|French colonial possessions in North America, from theSt. Lawrence waterway to the Great Lakes and along the Mississippi River to New Orleans; northern New France was primarily focused on fur trade, although cities were established with French migrants}}</ul | |||
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