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* The SAT will try to confuse students between the subject of a clause and the object of a preposition | * The SAT will try to confuse students between the subject of a clause and the object of a preposition | ||
**note that the object of a preposition <u>is never the subject of a clause</u> | **note that the object of a preposition <u>is never the subject of a clause</u> | ||
*A prepositional phrase may come before the verb, while the subject of the verb is after it | |||
**see Digital SAT Practice [https://satsuite.collegeboard.org/media/pdf/sat-practice-test-3-digital.pdf Test 3, Module 2, question 24] | |||
===Participle phrases=== | ===Participle phrases=== | ||
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==Punctuation quick start guide== | ==Punctuation quick start guide== | ||
===periods .=== | === periods . === | ||
*'''periods''' separate sentences | *'''periods''' separate sentences | ||
*periods do '''ONE''' thing = | *periods do '''ONE''' thing = | ||
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****= "[you] Take this idea, for example." << as a sentence or independent clause | ****= "[you] Take this idea, for example." << as a sentence or independent clause | ||
=== semicolons ; === | |||
*combine independent clauses for comparison, contrast or some relation between them | *combine independent clauses for comparison, contrast or some relation between them | ||
**as opposed to periods which completely separate the ideas/ thoughts | **as opposed to periods which completely separate the ideas/ thoughts | ||
*semicolons do | *semicolons do '''TWO''' things: | ||
*note that semicolons can -- but rarely: | <span style="margin-left:15px";>1. combine ICs</span> | ||
** note that semicolons can -- but rarely: separate a list of IC's: | |||
***as in "IC; IC; IC; IC." | *** as in "IC; IC; IC; IC." | ||
<span style="margin-left:15px";>2. a semicolon may also be used (uncommonly) as a "'''super comma'''" in order to emphasize separate elements in a list of common examples, usually following a colon:</span> | |||
* as in, "IC: this; that; the other thing." | |||
**ex. "''On our trip, we will visit tons of places: in Africa, Egypt & Morocco; in Europe, Greece and Italy; and in Asia, Turkey"'' | |||
**the "super comma" does not have to follow a colon, so we could write: | |||
***''"On our trip, we will visit tons of places, including in Africa, Egypt & Morocco; in Europe, Greece and Italy; and in Asia, Turkey"'' | |||
* *the "super comma" is rarely used in practice and on the SAT test (see May QAS 2022 Writing section question no. 35 ) | |||
#*for an example of a "super comma" on the Digital SAT practice tests see [https://satsuite.collegeboard.org/media/pdf/sat-practice-test-3-digital.pdf Practice Test 3, Module 1, question 7]; the question is not about the super comma, | |||
<pre> | |||
The work of Kiowa painter T.C. Cannon derives its power in part from the tension among his _______ influences: classic European portraiture, with its realistic treatment of faces; the American pop | |||
art movement, with its vivid colors; and flatstyle, the intertribal painting style that rejects the effect of depth typically achieved through shading and perspective. </pre> | |||
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*What SEMICOLONS do & how to eliminate using the rule/s: | *What SEMICOLONS do & how to eliminate using the rule/s: | ||
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***thus they can intrude upon a sentence | ***thus they can intrude upon a sentence | ||
***but they ALWAYS have paired punctuation, commas, dashes or parentheses, that isolate them from the rest of the sentence | ***but they ALWAYS have paired punctuation, commas, dashes or parentheses, that isolate them from the rest of the sentence | ||