4,673
edits
US History timeline & concept chart: 1789-1860 Early Republic to Antebellum: Difference between revisions
US History timeline & concept chart: 1789-1860 Early Republic to Antebellum (view source)
Revision as of 19:49, 13 May 2021
, 13 May 2021→xx administrations
| Line 830: | Line 830: | ||
|} | |} | ||
== xx administrations == | == 1850s: xx administrations == | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 846: | Line 846: | ||
'''BIG IDEAS''' | '''BIG IDEAS''' | ||
<big>'''subsection'''</big> | <big>'''subsection'''</big> | ||
<br><br> | |||
Compromise of 1850 | |||
New territories & states from Mexican-American War & Western expansion = End of Missouri Compromise (1820) | |||
Sectional Tensions rise | |||
Slavery issues | |||
Hardening of politics: pro-/anti-slavery | |||
Heading towards war, 1850s presidents do nothing about it | |||
Panic of 1857 / Southern economic stability | |||
<big>'''subsection'''</big> | <big>'''subsection'''</big> | ||
* >> | * >> | ||
| Line 856: | Line 871: | ||
=== subheading | === subheading | ||
* >>details | * >>details | ||
Ends the Missouri Compromise (of 1820) | |||
Last of the “Great Compromisers” Clay (KY), Calhoun (CS) & Daniel Webster (MA) | |||
- Clay divided larger bill into parts in order to pass | |||
Parts of the Compromise of 1850 | |||
> California admitted as free state | |||
> Fugitive Slave Law | |||
>> super upsetting to northerners | |||
>> concession to Norhterners: banned the slave trade in DC (but not slavery itself) | |||
> Utah & New Mexico added as territories w/ each to write its own constitution (popular sovereignty concept re. slavery) | |||
> after Compromise of 1850 new generation of leaders take over, more strident, more sectional-minded, more radical / ideological on both sides | |||
> decline of Whig power | |||
> No Nothings party > American Party, anti-immigrant (“nativism”), anti-catholic | |||
>> both sides radicalize >> no way to compromise | |||
- Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) | |||
> book about slave life by Harriett Beecher Stowe | |||
> sold 2 mm copies | |||
> compared to Common Sense in influence on public | |||
- Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) | |||
>> popular sovereignty for KS and NB territories >> radicalizes the public | |||
> marks end of Whig party | |||
>> “Free Soil” party has KN as its sole issue << Republican can take a wider appeal | |||
- “personal liberty laws” passed in north to require trial by jury for disputes over fugitive slaves | |||
- Bleeding Kansas or Bloody Kansas (1854-1861) | |||
> territories | |||
> Lawrence, KS = location of battles between pro- and anti-slavery factions | |||
>> John Brown started anti-slave movement there | |||
> “Border Ruffians” (rough houser – proslvery MO go to KS / NB to get into a fight | |||
- Dred Scott decision by Roger Taney, 1857 | |||
> Scott, a slave, went to North, and declared himself free | |||
>> owner sues to get him back | |||
>> Supreme Rules that slave/blacks are not citizens << | |||
>> radicalizes the public | |||
- John Brown’s raid (1859) | |||
> messianic anti-slavery leader >> God wants us to do this! | |||
> Harpers Ferry, VA to instigate a slave rebellion | |||
> put down by Federal troops, Brown hanged for treason | |||
Panic of 1857 | |||
- Contributing factors: | |||
> tremendous growth after Mexi-Amer war led to overexpansion | |||
> over-extension of credit during boom years accelerated losses after Panic | |||
> railroads and telegraph made US more interconnected, so impact of Panic was widespread | |||
- Triggers: | |||
> sinking of gold ship SS Central America w/ 30K lbs of gold (California gold) | |||
> British bank crisis following suspension of reserve requiements (reliance on paper money) led to panic in Britain | |||
- Impact: | |||
> railroad expansion & hiring halts | |||
> grain prices drop, impacting farmers | |||
> land prices drop, impacting tax revenues and causing land-tax delinquencies | |||
> growth in westward expansion halted until after Civil War | |||
- Federal response: | |||
> Pres Buchanan blamed panic on use of paper-money withdraws bank notes under $20 | |||
>> impact was to force banks to increase hard money (specie) reserves and lower inflation << this worked | |||
- Long term impact: | |||
> southern economy largely untouched, which led to less pressure on slavery institution from northern | |||
> northern bankers and railroads impacted but recovered | |||
> midwestern expansion most impacted | |||
=== subheading | === subheading | ||
| Line 867: | Line 940: | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
|} | |} | ||
== xx administrations == | == xx administrations == | ||