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* Adventist/ Adventism| religious movement started in the 1830s by a Baptist preacher (William Miller) who claimed that Christ's Second Coming would occur in 1843 or 1844; the movement is reflective of the Second Great Awakening and its democratization of religious belief | * Adventist/ Adventism| religious movement started in the 1830s by a Baptist preacher (William Miller) who claimed that Christ's Second Coming would occur in 1843 or 1844; the movement is reflective of the Second Great Awakening and its democratization of religious belief | ||
* Hudson Valley artistic movement | * Hudson Valley artistic movement | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Herman Melville & "Moby Dick"| novel that criticized transcendentalism's notion of extreme individualism (tracking the tragic, individualistic fanaticism of Captain Ahab's quest to kill a whale called "Moby Dick"}}</ul></li> | |||
* Naturalism | * Naturalism | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Second Great Awakening| a series of religious movements marked especially by "revivals," or gatherings, and "romanticism," or focus on the emotional over the rational; population growth and the extension of the frontier offered opportunity for the spread of evangelical religious movements, as well as the democratic impulse of reform}}</ul></li> | |||
* Henry David Thoreau | * Henry David Thoreau | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:transcendentalism| from "transcend" for "to go beyond," a reference to the movement's dislike for convention and conventional rules of society, philosophy, and literature/poetry; transcendentalism is related to the Second Great Awakening in its emphasis on a personal relationship with God; the movement sought to empower individuals and individualism; }}</ul></li> | |||
* Walden Pond | * Walden Pond | ||
* Ralph Waldo Emerson | * Ralph Waldo Emerson |