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SAT Digital Reading and Writing Test quick start guide: Difference between revisions
SAT Digital Reading and Writing Test quick start guide (view source)
Revision as of 18:15, 24 September 2024
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* commas create a pause | * commas create a pause | ||
** we use commas to distinguish -- but not separate -- grammatical parts or ideas | ** we use commas to distinguish -- but not separate -- grammatical parts or ideas | ||
** i.e., create a pause between them ("let the reader breathe") | *** i.e., create a pause between them ("let the reader breathe") | ||
* | ** commas combine those distinct sentence parts | ||
*** as opposed to periods, semicolon, colons, dashes, which separate sentence parts. | |||
'''commas do FIVE things:''' | '''commas do FIVE things:''' | ||
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#**"They played hard, and they won big" = IC, and IC | #**"They played hard, and they won big" = IC, and IC | ||
#**"They played hard, but they lost" = IC, but IC | #**"They played hard, but they lost" = IC, but IC | ||
#separate | #act parenthetically | ||
#*", .... ," (like these parentheses) -- or these dashes -- | |||
#*''The movie''', which was about Ancient Rome,''' was very informative'' = S, .... , V | |||
#**note that the subject "movie" is separated from its verb "was" by the parenthetical clause ("which was..") | |||
#**so we see that parenthetical elements are agrammatical ("not grammatical") in that they do not impact the surrounding grammatical functions ("S, parenthetical element, V" = "S V") | |||
#separate items in a list (subjects, verbs, objects) | |||
#* ex.: S, S and S V, V O, O and O | #* ex.: S, S and S V, V O, O and O | ||
# | #** ''Janie, Sean, and Amber went hiking, fishing, and swimming in Maine.'' | ||
#* | #* note that lists are combined using coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS) and not by commas! | ||
#**''The | #* that is, the commas separate the elements of the list, but they are | ||
#** i.e., given: ''The flowers are red, blue, and purple.'' | |||
#*** the commas are separating the adjectives that are combined by the coordinating conjunction (CC) "and" | |||
#*** the commas separate the words, but it is the CC that combines them | |||
#** note that semicolons may be used as "super comma" for lists (see semicolon entry below) | |||
#*separate multiple adjectives that are modifying the same noun | |||
#**''The big, red balloon'' | |||
#***the commas function to indicate that the adjectives are modifying the noun independently | |||
#****''big red balloon'' = the "red balloon" is "big | |||
#****''big, red balloon'' = the "balloon" is both "red" and "big" | |||
#introduce a direct quotation | #introduce a direct quotation | ||
#* ex. ''The judge declared, "Guilty!"'' | #* ex. ''The judge declared, "Guilty!"'' | ||