SAT Digital Reading and Writing Test quick start guide: Difference between revisions

SAT Digital Reading and Writing Test quick start guide (view source)

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 == Apostrophe ' ==
-* an apostrophe is a single hash mark that 1) creates contractions or 2) indicates possession
+* for the SAT, an apostrophe is a single hash mark that can do DO THINGS:
-** contractions: cannot --> can't; they are --> they're; it is --> it's
-*** note: the SAT will never measure use the contraction 's with nouns other than "it" and "they"
-**** i.e., will not test use of the apostrophe such as "something's happening" for "something is happening"
-** possesion:
-** <u>note</u>:
-*** only nouns can be possessive
-*** and only nouns can be possessed
-**** ex. ''dog's bone''
-*** if a verb, preposition or adverb follow the possessive noun it is wrong
-**** note, hyphenated words do not use possessive form
-***** i.e., "the tradition is centuries-old"  as opposed to the incorrect "century's old" or "centuries' old"
-*** an adjective may follow a possessive if that adjective is modifying the possessed noun
-**** ex.  ''dog's juicy bone''
-*** possesive personal pronouns do not use apostrophes:
-**** ''my/mine, your/yours, his, hers, its, our/ours, their/theirs''
-'''apostrophes do TWO things:'''
+# creates contractions  (''they're'')
-*create contractions ("it's" from "it is" or "can't" from "can not")
+# indicates possession (''student's)''
+[Note: apostrophes can also replace omitted numerals (2001 --> '''01'') or letters (refrigerator --> ''<nowiki/>'fridge''); these will not be on the SAT test]
+=== '''contractions''' ===
+* combine words that are slurred together in informal spoken or written use:
+** it is --> ''it's''
+** they are --> they're
+* note: the SAT will never measure use the contraction 's with nouns other than '''"it"''' and '''"they"'''
+** i.e., it will not test use of the apostrophe for "is" and "are" that are attached to regular nouns
+*** ex., something is happening --> ''something's happening''  << will not be on the test
+*** also, the SAT will not measure use of cannot --> ''can't''
+'''elimination:'''
+* the SAT will try to confuse students with the contractions ''it's'' ("it is") and ''they're'' ("they are")
+** with the homophonic (sounds the same, spells differently) ''its'' and ''their''
+*** its = 3rd person singular possessive pronoun
+**** i.e. ''The dog chewed its bone''
+*** ''their'' = 3rd person plural possessive pronoun
+**** i.e. ''Their yard is huge''
+* test if the contraction is a subject-verb combination by expanding it two words
+** ''its --> it is''
+** ''they're --> they are''
+=== possession ===
+* the possessive form of a noun is indicated with an '''apostrophe + "s"'''
+** can be singular: ''dog's bone'' = the bone that belongs to the dog
+** or plural: ''students' backpacks''= the backpacks that belong to or are used by students
+* rules:
+** only nouns can be possessive
+** a possessive noun acts like an adjective
+* and only nouns can be possessed
+** ex. ''dog's bone''
+* if a verb, preposition or adverb follow the possessive noun it is wrong
+** note, hyphenated words do not use possessive form
+*** i.e., "the tradition is centuries-old"  as opposed to the incorrect "century's old" or "centuries' old"
+* an adjective may follow a possessive if that adjective is modifying the possessed noun
+** ex.  ''dog's juicy bone''
+* possesive personal pronouns do not use apostrophes:
+** ''my/mine, your/yours, his, hers, its, our/ours, their/theirs''
+*
 *show possession
 **nouns possess nouns and nouns can only possess nouns (not verbs)
-**punctuation can NOT separate the possessor noun from the possessed noun
+**
-**adjectives may separate the two nouns, as in "The cowboy's fast horse"
-*possessive apostrophes singular v plural:
-**''''s''' for singular nouns ("that dog's toys") and '''s'''' for plural nouns ("those dogs' toys")
-* elimination:
+* '''elimination:'''
 **if punctuation or a verb follow the possessor noun, eliminate (see examples below)
 * note: use of an apostrophe to create a contraction with a noun and the verb, "to be" is informal and not measured on the SAT