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Non-finite verbs & the "verbiness" of participles gerunds infinitives: Difference between revisions
Non-finite verbs & the "verbiness" of participles gerunds infinitives (view source)
Revision as of 22:37, 9 July 2024
, 9 July→Non-finite verb forms:
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== Non-finite verb forms: == | == Non-finite verb forms: == | ||
=== '''present participle = -''ing''''' === | |||
* = an adjective (“present participle adjective”) or | |||
* = a noun (“gerund”) | |||
** a gerund is a "present participle adjective" | |||
*** sometimes called "verb noun" | |||
=== '''past participle = ''-ed''''' === | |||
* = an adjective (“past participle adjective”) | |||
=== '''infinitive''' = “to” form of a verb === | |||
* as in "to go" or "to enjoy" | |||
* “infinitive” is from Latin for “indefinite” or “unrestricted” because the verb form is not tied to a specific case (person or number) | |||
** can be an adjective, adverb or noun | |||
== Purpose of non-finite verbs == | == Purpose of non-finite verbs == | ||
The non-finite verbs do not indicate a direct action, but they convey a “sense” of action. So, when we say, | The non-finite verbs do not indicate a direct action, but they convey a “sense” of action. So, when we say, | ||
''Learning grammar is boring, but to know a little is quite useful'' | '''''Learning grammar''' is boring, but to know a little is quite useful'' | ||
* "learning" = gerund (noun) | * "learning" = gerund (noun) | ||
* "grammar" = the object of the gerund "learning"* "is" = finite verb | |||
* "is" = finite verb | |||
** the subject of "is" is the gerund (non-finitve verb) "learning" | ** the subject of "is" is the gerund (non-finitve verb) "learning" | ||
* "to know" = infinitive | * "to know" = infinitive | ||
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*** "a little" is a compound adverb that modifies "to know" | *** "a little" is a compound adverb that modifies "to know" | ||
Whereas both “learning” and “to know” are the subjects (nouns) of the two verbs “is”, they convey the action of learning and knowing. | |||
Additionally, while non-finite verbs do not have a subject, they maintain the grammatical properties of finite verbs of objects and complements. Thus, in | Additionally, while non-finite verbs do not have a subject, they maintain the grammatical properties of finite verbs of objects and complements. Thus, in | ||