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* note that the present perfect uses the past tense auxiliary verb (have/has), but the tense is still <u>present tense</u> | * note that the present perfect uses the past tense auxiliary verb (have/has), but the tense is still <u>present tense</u> | ||
=== past perfect === | ==== past perfect ==== | ||
* uses "'''had'''" + the simple past (past participle) form of the verb | * uses "'''had'''" + the simple past (past participle) form of the verb | ||
** "had" is the same for all cases ( | ** "had" is the same for all cases ( | ||
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* note the singular | * note the singular | ||
=== future perfect === | ==== future perfect ==== | ||
* uses "'''will have'''" and + the simple past (past participle) form of the verb | * uses "'''will have'''" and + the simple past (past participle) form of the verb | ||
* indicates an action that will commence at some point in the future | * indicates an action that will commence at some point in the future | ||
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!present participle | !present participle | ||
!past participle | !past participle | ||
!style="background-color:#b3b3b3"|incorrect participle* | |||
!perfect tense | !perfect tense | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|was | |was | ||
|being | |being | ||
| | |been | ||
|style="background-color:#cccccc"| | |||
|have/has been | |have/has been | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|going | |going | ||
|gone | |gone | ||
|style="background-color:#cccccc"|went | |||
|have/has gone | |have/has gone | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |swim | ||
| | |swim | ||
| | |swam | ||
| | |swimming | ||
| | |swum | ||
| | |style="background-color:#cccccc"|swam | ||
|have/has swum | |||
|} | |} | ||
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*** = ''She said [that] the test was super easy'' | *** = ''She said [that] the test was super easy'' | ||
**** so quotation marks are not necessary | **** so quotation marks are not necessary | ||
[[Category:Language Arts]] | |||
[[Category:Grammar]] |