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SAT Reading section historical timeline & themes: Difference between revisions
SAT Reading section historical timeline & themes (view source)
Revision as of 16:48, 6 February 2023
, 6 February 2023→Historical actors to know
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== Historical actors to know == | == Historical actors to know == | ||
By knowing these persons and the periods and themes they represent, you can relate to them any unfamiliar authors on the test who have a similar outlook or historical significance | |||
* '''Susan B. Anthony''' | * '''Susan B. Anthony''', 1820-1907 | ||
** women's suffrage | ** women's suffrage leader and abolitionist | ||
* William Jennings Bryan | * '''William Jennings Bryan''', 1860-1925 | ||
** Democratic leader and candidate for President | |||
** promoted "populism" and "soft money" (silver) | |||
* '''Edmund Burke''', 1729-1797 | * '''Edmund Burke''', 1729-1797 | ||
** Conservative British politician and critic of the French Revolution | ** Conservative British politician and critic of the French Revolution | ||
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** supported U.S. colonies against British suppression of colonial dissent | ** supported U.S. colonies against British suppression of colonial dissent | ||
*** articulated theory of "salutary neglect" which argued that direct British control of the American colonies was undesirable, whereas when British policies towards the colonies were hands-off, it constituted "salutary" or healthy, neglect | *** articulated theory of "salutary neglect" which argued that direct British control of the American colonies was undesirable, whereas when British policies towards the colonies were hands-off, it constituted "salutary" or healthy, neglect | ||
* '''Frederick Douglas''' | * '''Frederick Douglas''', 1818-1895 | ||
** | ** born in slavery, escaped slavery and became nation's prominent abolitionist and civil rights advocate | ||
* '''Stephen Douglas''' | * '''Stephen Douglas''', 1813-1861 | ||
** Illinois Democratic Senator who championed ""Popular Sovereignty" as a solution to the pre-Civil War problem of the spread of slavery across the continent and for entry of new states | ** Illinois Democratic Senator who championed ""Popular Sovereignty" as a solution to the pre-Civil War problem of the spread of slavery across the continent and for entry of new states | ||
** Douglas famously debated Lincoln during the Illinois Senate race of 1858 | ** Douglas famously debated Lincoln during the Illinois Senate race of 1858 | ||
* '''Abraham Lincoln''', 1809-1865 | |||
* '''Abraham Lincoln''' | ** note that Lincoln opposed the Mexican-American War (1846-48) | ||
* '''John Stuart Mill''' | * '''John Stuart Mill''', 1806-1873 | ||
** British politician, philosopher; supported women's suffrage; proponent of utilitarianism ( | ** British politician, philosopher; supported women's suffrage; proponent of utilitarianism (the idea of maximal "utility" to create maximum benefit) | ||
* '''Elizabeth Cady Stanton''' | * '''Elizabeth Cady Stanton''', 1815-1902 | ||
** women's suffrage | ** women's suffrage; organizer of the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention | ||
* '''Henry David Thoreau''', 1817-1862 | * '''Henry David Thoreau''', 1817-1862 | ||
** mid-19th century essayist, abolitionist; championed civil rights and dissent in "Civil Disobedience" | ** mid-19th century essayist, abolitionist; championed civil rights and dissent in "Civil Disobedience" | ||
* '''Alexis de Tocqueville''', 1805-1859 | * '''Alexis de Tocqueville''', 1805-1859 | ||
** French aristocrat who authored a study of the nature of American democracy, "Democracy in America" | ** French aristocrat who authored a study of the nature of American democracy, "Democracy in America" | ||
* | *'''Mary Wollstonecraft''', 1759-`797 | ||
**early British advocate of women's rights; considered founder of feminist philosophy | |||
== Themes & events timelines == | == Themes & events timelines == | ||
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- 1840s-50s: Karl Marx / Irish potato famine / direct British rule in India / Charles Darwin | - 1840s-50s: Karl Marx / Irish potato famine / direct British rule in India / Charles Darwin | ||
'''1820s-1850s Antebellum US:''' | '''1820s-1850s Antebellum US:''' | ||
- Missouri Comprise of 1820 | - 1820, Missouri Comprise (also "Compromise of 1820") | ||
- Alexander de Tocqueville’s “Democracy in America” (study of America by French diplomat) | - 1830s, Alexander de Tocqueville’s “Democracy in America” (study of America by French diplomat) | ||
- | - 1820s-30s, temperance movement (precursor to Second Great Awakening) | ||
- Nat Turner’s | - 1831, Nat Turner’s (slave) Rebellion | ||
- Indian wars 1830s (also 1870s) | - 1830s, Indian wars 1830s (also 1870s) | ||
- religious movements / Second Great Awakening | - 1840s-50s, religious movements / Second Great Awakening | ||
> Thoreau/ Emerson/ Transcendentalism, individualism, individual morality, nature | |||
> women's political participation (part of Jacksonian democracy) | |||
> women's suffrage (voting) & rights / franchise / disenfranchisement | |||
- 1848, Seneca Falls/ Declaration of Sentiments | |||
- Seneca Falls/ Declaration of Sentiments | - anti-slavery/ abolition movement / Frederick Douglass / Underground Railroad / Uncle Tom’s Cabin / "Bleeding Kansas" / John Brown's rebellion | ||
- anti-slavery/ abolition movement / Frederick Douglass / Underground Railroad / Uncle Tom’s Cabin / John Brown's rebellion | || '''Antebellum themes:''' | ||
|| '''Antebellum | - sectional division, political conflict & compromises: | ||
>> slavery/territorial expansion / tariff/ national bank | |||
- 1820s-40s US: railroads/ canals / telegraph | - 1820s-40s US: railroads/ canals / telegraph | ||
- 1834-45: Texas independence (1845 annexation to U.S.) | - 1834-45: Texas independence (1845 annexation to U.S.) | ||
- | - Manifest Destiny / western expansion (1830s-1850s) | ||
- 1846-48: Mexican-American War | - 1846-48: Mexican-American War: ends compromise of 1820 due to new states/ territories; leads to heightened North-South division | ||
- 1850: Compromise of 1850 (Stephen Douglas, popular sovereignty) | |||
- 1854: Kansas-Nebraska Act | |||
'''1861-1865: Civil War''' | '''1861-1865: Civil War''' | ||
- slavery / states’ rights / union | - slavery / states’ rights / union | ||