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== Logic == | == Logic == | ||
=== necessary and sufficient === | === necessary and sufficient conditions === | ||
* necessary | * necessary conditions | ||
** = without which something is not true | ** = without which something is not true | ||
*** example: "John is a batchelor" informs us that John is a male, unmarried, and an adult | *** example: "John is a batchelor" informs us that John is a male, unmarried, and an adult | ||
* sufficient | * sufficient conditions | ||
** = condition is sufficient to prove something is true | ** = condition is sufficient to prove something is true | ||
** however, sufficiency does not exclude other conclusions | ** however, sufficiency does not exclude other conclusions | ||
*** example: "John is a | *** example: "John is a bachelor" is sufficient evidence to know that he is a male | ||
=== Occam's Razor === | === Occam's Razor === |