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Virginia SOL Virginia and US History test: important concepts: Difference between revisions

Virginia SOL Virginia and US History test: important concepts (view source)

Revision as of 14:49, 15 June 2022

4,407 bytes added ,  15 June 2022
→‎General Comparative Charts & Concepts
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**** = peaceful demonstration and peaceful violation of unjust laws
**** = peaceful demonstration and peaceful violation of unjust laws
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Civil Rights Leaders
|+Black Civil Rights Leaders
!Period
!Period
!Name  
!Name  
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!
!
|-
|-
|1850s
|1840s-1870s
|Frederick Douglass
|Frederick Douglass
|
* born in slavery, highly educated, wrote books against slavery in 1840s and 1850s
*
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|-
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|Harriet Tubman
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* born in slavery, led rescue missions to free slaves as part of the Underground Railroad
* became active in the women's suffrage movement after the Civil War
|
|-
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* while it will not be on the Virginia SOL, other important Civil Rights leaders include
** Willam Lloyd Garrison
*** a newspaper publisher who attacked slavery starting in the 1830s
** Henry Ward Beecher
*** Calvinist (Christian) minister who attacked slavery on religious grounds
** Susan B. Anthony
** Harriett Beecher Stowe
*** wrote the anti-slavery book, "'''Uncle Tom's Cabin''', which was the best selling book of the time (1852)


==== March on Washington & Martin Luther King's "I have a dream" speech ====
==== March on Washington & Martin Luther King's "I have a dream" speech ====
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* as of 1991, the Soviet Union no longer existed
* as of 1991, the Soviet Union no longer existed
** replaced by the "Russian Federation"
** replaced by the "Russian Federation"
**
**former Eastern European and Asian countries that had been part of the USSR were restored as independent nations
***ex. Lithuania, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, etc.


=== Globalism ===
=== Globalism ===
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== General Comparative Charts & Concepts ==
== General Comparative Charts & Concepts ==


* the following charts cover comparative questions
** these questions compare different topics and people across time
** these charts are designed to help students make connections between people, issues, events and dates
** if students can associate a date with each of these concepts, it will lead to stronger recall and ability to identify context


=== Political Parties ===
=== Political Parties ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Party
!Dates
!General Positions
!People & Regions
|-
|'''Federalists'''
|1790s-1815
|supported:
* strong federal government
* investment in economic infrastructure, esp. for canals & roads for trade
* '''tariffs and national bank'''
* economic ties to Great Britain
opposed:
* French Revolution
|people:
* Alexander Hamilton
* John Adams
regions:
* Northeast
* esp. central and northern coastal cities
|-
|'''Democratic-Republicans'''
|1790s-1824
|supported:
* republicanism (popular government through representatives)
* agrarian economy (farm-based)
* western expansion (esp. for small farmers)
* supported French Revolution and economic ties with Franceopposed:
* tariffs and national bank
* called the Federalists "aristocratic" (elites)
* economic and political ties with Great Britain
|people:
* Jefferson
* Madison
regions:
* South
* western frontier
|-
|'''Democratic Party'''
|1824-1865
|supported:
* expansion of voting rights to white men who did not own property
* territorial (western) expansion and Indian Wars
* slavery and expansion of slaveryopposed:
* tariffs and national bank
|people:
* Andrew Jackson
* John C. Calhoun
regions:
* South
* Middle Atlantic
* western states & fronteir
|-
|'''Whig Party'''
|1824-1854
|supported
* tariffs and national bank
* building of canals, roads, and railroads
* support of industryopposed:
* slavery and expansion of slavery
** Whigs abolished slavery in northern states and opposed its expansion
** however, Whig support for the '''Compromise of 1850''' led to the collapse of the party, especially the '''Fugitive Slave Law''' that was part of the Compromise
|people:
* Henry Clay
regions:
* Northeast
* near and mid-West states north of '''Missouri Compromise''' line (36' 30")
|-
|'''Republican Party'''
|1856-1877
|supported
* tariffs and national bank
* transcontinental railroad
* western settlement land grants (giving people land for settling on it)
* post-Civil War "'''Reconstruction'''" =
** re-uniting the country
** punishing Confederate leaders
** protecting rights of freed slaves
opposed
* slavery and expansion of slavery
|people
* Abraham Lincoln
* the "Radical Republicans"regions
* North and midwest
|-
|
|
|
|
|}
=== Political Issues & Political Party Alignments ===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Period
!Period
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!Notes
!Notes
|-
|-
|Early Republic
|1794
|Jay Treaty (w/ Britain)
|Jay Treaty (w/ Britain)
|Hamilton/ '''Federalists'''
|Hamilton/ '''Federalists'''
|'''Jefferson/ Democrats'''("Democratic-Republicans)
|'''Jefferson/ Democrats'''("Democratic-Republicans)
|
|
* Jay Treaty settled border disputes and presence of British troops and created stronger economic ties between the US and England
* signed by US and Britain 10 years after the Treaty of Versailles that ended the Revolutionay War ( 1783)
* Jeffersonians opposed the treaty because it created a clo
* settled border disputes and presence of British troops  
* created stronger economic ties between the US and England (settling debts
* Jeffersonians opposed the treaty because it created a closer relationship between the US and Great Britain
|-
|-
|
| rowspan="2" |1790s-1815
|France v. Britain
|French Revolution
|Federalists supported England and disliked the French Revolution
|Federalists supported England and disliked the French Revolution
|Democrats favored France & the French Revolution
|Democrats favored France & the French Revolution
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* in a series of wars between Britain and France (1890s-1815), Americans held opposing views towards each side
* in a series of wars between Britain and France (1890s-1815), Americans held opposing views towards each side
|-
|-
|France v. Britain (wars)
|
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |1800s-1865
|War of 1812 (w Britain)
|War of 1812 (w Britain)
|Federalists opposed the war
|Federalists opposed the war
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* Federalist opposition to the War of 1812 ended the party; the "'''Whigs'''" replaced them
* Federalist opposition to the War of 1812 ended the party; the "'''Whigs'''" replaced them
|-
|-
|Antebellum
|'''National Bank'''
|National Bank
|Whigs (former Federalists
|
|
* Federalists
* Whigs (after 1824)
|
* Democratic-Republicans
* Democrats (after 1824)
|
|
|-
|-
|'''Tariff'''(taxes on imports)
|
|
|Tariff
* Federalists
|
 
* Whigs (after 1824)
|
|
* Democratic-Republicans
* Democrats (after 1824)
|
|
* tariffs are imposed on imported goods
* tariffs are imposed on imported goods
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** raise money (taxes)
** raise money (taxes)
** protect local manufacture of those types of goods
** protect local manufacture of those types of goods
|-
|'''Slavery'''
|
* Federalists allowed for continued existence of slavery
|
* Democratic-Republicans
* Democrats (after 1824)
|
* Democratic-Republicans & Federalists supported the Compromise of 1820, which divided the nation between Free and Slave states
* Whigs opposed slavery & its expansion
* Democrats supported slavery & its expansion
|-
|-
|
|
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!Suffrage
!Suffrage
!Notes
!Notes
!
|-
|-
|1790s-1820s
|1790s-1820s
|white males with property had the general right to vote
|white males with property had the general right to vote
|
|
|
|-
|-
|1820s-1850s
|1820s-1850s
|white males without property gained the right to vote
|white males without property gained the right to vote  
|
|
|1
* known as the "Jacksonian Revolution", as Andrew Jackson inspired common whites (men) to vote and greatly expanded political participation
|-
|-
|1870
|1870
|15th amendment secured the right to vote for former slaves (i.e., black men)
|15th amendment secured the right to vote for former slaves (i.e., black men)
|
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|-
|-
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|19th amendment guaranteed the right to vote for women
|19th amendment guaranteed the right to vote for women
|
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|1
|-
|-
|196>
|196>
|the >> amendment abolished poll taxes
|the >> amendment abolished poll taxes
|
|
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|-
|-
|197>
|197>
|the legal age of voting in national elections was set at age 18
|the legal age of voting in national elections was set at age 18
|
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|}
|}
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