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=== Volcanos === | === Volcanos === | ||
* '''Cueva de los Verdes ("the cave of Verdes")''' | |||
** world's longest "lava tube" was created 3,000 years ago by the eruption of Monte Corona, Canary Islands | |||
** lava tubes are formed when a lava stream cools and solidifies at the top, while lava below continues to flow, leaving a cave after full draining. | |||
** the cave is 3.7 miles long on land and extends another 0.93 miles under water | |||
** see [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cueva_de_los_Verdes Cueva de los Verdes (wikipedia)] | |||
* '''Mt. Mayon, Philippines''' | * '''Mt. Mayon, Philippines''' | ||
** a stratovolcano that has a near-perfectly symmetric, or "perfect", cone | ** a stratovolcano that has a near-perfectly symmetric, or "perfect", cone | ||
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** traditionally worshipped | ** traditionally worshipped | ||
** see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayon | ** see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayon | ||
* ''' | |||
** | * '''Mt. St. Helens, Washington (state)''' | ||
** | ** an active stratovolcano | ||
** the | ** part of the "Cascades Volcanic Arc" | ||
** | ** lies 52 miles from Portland, OR | ||
* ''' | ** erupted on May 18, 1980 | ||
** "lateral" eruption (sideways instead of straight up) | |||
** | *** was triggered a 5.1 magnitude earthquake | ||
** deadliest volcano in U.S. history | |||
** see https:// | *** 57 people killed | ||
*** destroyed 200 homes, 47 bridges, 185 miles of highway | |||
** the eruption's thermal explosion equivalent was 24 megatons (1600 times the power of the Hiroshima atomic bomb) | |||
** as a result of the eruption: | |||
*** mountain summit elevation dropped from 9,677 to 8336 | |||
*** left a 1-mile wide crater | |||
*** Yakima, WA received 4-5 inches of ash | |||
**** Portland, OR, only received about 1/2-inch of ash, as the winds blew the ash northeastward from the explosion | |||
** researcher David Johnston and photographer Robert Landsburg were killed during the eruption | |||
*** Landsburg had protected his camera and film with his body, which were recovered | |||
*** another photographer, Gary Rosenquist and his companions were 11 miles away and survived the blast due to the land topography, which protected them | |||
*** Rosenquist's photos have been compiled into a video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VTIyBsPagro | |||
** Mt. St. Helens was remained active until 2008, when a new lava dome emerged | |||
* Volcano pranks | |||
** '''Mt. Edgecumbe, Sitka, Alaska''', 1974 April Fools Volcano Prank | |||
** '''Great Blue Hill, Milton, MA''' 1980 eruption prank | |||
** see https://school4schools.com/wiki/index.php?title=Famous_hoaxes#Geographic_hoaxes | |||
<gallery widths=300px heights=200px caption="Volcanos gallery"> | <gallery widths=300px heights=200px caption="Volcanos gallery"> | ||
File:Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg|thumb|Mt.Mayon, Philippines, with a "perfect" cone (wikipedia) | File:Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg|thumb|Mt.Mayon, Philippines, with a "perfect" cone (wikipedia) | ||
File:Lanzarote 5 Luc Viatour.jpg|thumb|Lanzarote 5 Luc Viatour|alt=Lanzarote 5 Luc Viatour.jpg|World's longest "lava tube" (wikipedia) | File:Lanzarote 5 Luc Viatour.jpg|thumb|Lanzarote 5 Luc Viatour|alt=Lanzarote 5 Luc Viatour.jpg|World's longest "lava tube" (wikipedia) | ||
File:MSH80 eruption mount st helens 05-18-80-dramatic-edit.jpg|thumb|MSH80 eruption mount st helens 05-18-80 (wikipedia) | |||
File:Mount St. Helens, one day before the devastating eruption.jpg|thumb|Mount St. Helens pictured the day before the 1980 eruption, which removed much of the northern face of the mountain, leaving a large crater|alt=A large conical volcano. (wikipedia) | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||