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US History timeline & concept chart: 16th-18th centuries (to 1754) British-American colonies: Difference between revisions
US History timeline & concept chart: 16th-18th centuries (to 1754) British-American colonies (view source)
Revision as of 18:31, 5 May 2022
, 5 May 2022→Early British North American colonization
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== | == Migration in British-American colonies == | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
{| class="wikitable | |||
|+Timeline of Colonial Migration | |+Timeline of Colonial Migration | ||
!Period | !Period | ||
| Line 548: | Line 465: | ||
!Notes | !Notes | ||
|- | |- | ||
|1609-1620s | | cell style="width: 15%" |1609-1620s | ||
|Initial settlement | |Initial settlement | ||
|Virginia & Plymouth colonies | |Virginia & Plymouth colonies | ||
| Line 554: | Line 471: | ||
|1630-1642 | |1630-1642 | ||
| | | | ||
| - 16,000 migrants arrive to Massachusetts Bay colony | | | ||
- 16,000 migrants arrive to Massachusetts Bay colony | |||
- inland migration as settlers expand across New England | - inland migration as settlers expand across New England | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 593: | Line 511: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|early 1700s | |early 1700s | ||
|Mennonite settlements in | |Mennonite settlements in Pennsylvania | ||
|mostly Swiss and German religious dissenters | |mostly Swiss and German religious dissenters | ||
|- | |- | ||
|1700 | |1700 | ||
|'''colonial population estimates:''' | |'''colonial population estimates:''' | ||
| - 275,000 in all colonies | | | ||
- 275,000 in all colonies | |||
- 7,000 in Boston | - 7,000 in Boston | ||
- 5,000 in New York City | - 5,000 in New York City | ||
|- | |- | ||
|1718 | |1718 | ||
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|1725 | |1725 | ||
|'''black slave population''' | |'''black slave population''' | ||
| - starting w/ first importation of African slaves in 1619 (about 20) to Jamestown | | | ||
- starting w/ first importation of African slaves in 1619 (about 20) to Jamestown | |||
- by 1725 black slave population estimated at 75,000 | - by 1725 black slave population estimated at 75,000 | ||
|- | |- | ||
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! style="text-align:center;"|Total<ref>Total represents total immigration over the approximately 130 year span of existence of the U.S. colonies as found in the 1790 census. At the time of the [[American Revolution]], the foreign-born population was estimated to be from 300,000 to 400,000.</ref> ||950,000 ||3,900,000 | ! style="text-align:center;"|Total<ref>Total represents total immigration over the approximately 130 year span of existence of the U.S. colonies as found in the 1790 census. At the time of the [[American Revolution]], the foreign-born population was estimated to be from 300,000 to 400,000.</ref> ||950,000 ||3,900,000 | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Early British North American colonization == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! '''PERIOD / TIMELINE''' | |||
! '''Major Events, Concepts & Themes''' | |||
! cell style="width:60%"|'''Notes & connections: details of issues, concepts, themes & events''' | |||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |||
| | |||
* 1583: English claim Newfoundland<br><br> | |||
* 1585: first English settlement at Roanoke, VA<br><br> | |||
* 1587: "Lost colony" of Roanoke (abandoned by 1590)<br><br> | |||
* 1603: King James I crowned<br><br> | |||
* 1606 First Charter of Virginia<br><br> | |||
* 1607 Jamestown settlement<br><br> | |||
* 1608 Separatist group moves to Holland<br><br> | |||
* 1618 Great Charter (established VA self-governance)<br><br> | |||
* 1620 Mayflower Company/ Plymouth settled by Pilgrims<br><br> | |||
* 1622 Jamestown Massacre<br><br> | |||
* 1624: Virginia Company abolished; royal Colony<br><br> | |||
* 1639: Fundamental Orders of Connecticut<br><br> | |||
* 1642: House of Burgesses | |||
1651 British Navigation Act | |||
1676 Bacon's Rebellion | |||
1681, William Penn granted charter for Pennsylvania | |||
1692 Salem Witchcraft Trials | |||
1721 British policy of "Salutary Neglect" | |||
|| | |||
'''British colonial population growth''' | |||
* 1530-1680: 200,000 immigrants arrived to the colonies | |||
'''Migration Push / Pull factors''' | |||
* conditions that "pushed" British emigration | |||
* conditions that "pulled" colonial immigration<br><br> | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+Push/Pull factors for British settlement in North America | |||
!'''Push factors''' | |||
!|'''Pull factors''' | |||
|- | |||
| cell style="width: 60%" | | |||
* population growth in England | |||
* land use focus in England went from rents (collecting rent) to sheep herding for wool, which displaced tenants | |||
* religious & political persecution | |||
* English Civil War | |||
* primogeniture (1st born inherits), so 2nd+ sons seeking opportunity | |||
* political advantage | |||
* corporate organization (formal structures for exploration & migration) | |||
* criminality | |||
| | |||
* economic opportunity | |||
* adventurism | |||
* religious freedom | |||
* political opportunity | |||
* economic opportunity | |||
* "new start" | |||
* demand for labor | |||
* slavery | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
'''Joint Stock Company''' | |||
* shared ownership for commercial venture; used by England for 1st colonies | |||
* Virginia Company: to establish colonies & find gold (didn’t) | |||
'''Headright System''' | |||
* land grant for brining laborers to colonies<br><br> | |||
'''Indentured servants'''<br><br> | |||
'''House of Burgesses''' | |||
* legislature, governing body of VA colony<br><br> | |||
'''Separatists (religious)''' | |||
* wanted autonomous congregations “separate” from Church of England | |||
* Puritans: anti-papal/ anti-Catholic, wanted to “purify” English Churches | |||
* Pilgrims: separatists group sailed to Plymouth from Holland | |||
* Mayflower Compact: Pilgrim contract for self-rule | |||
* William Bradford: became Plymouth Colony governor; wrote book “On “Plymouth Plantation”<br><br> | |||
'''John Winthrop & "city upon a hill"'''<br><br> | |||
* “A Model of Christian Charity”: Winthrop sermon declaring Christian mission of the colony<br><br> | |||
|| | |||
'''BIG IDEAS''' | |||
* Corporate structure & charters of British colonial enterprises | |||
* British settlements & interactions/ conflicts with Native Americans | |||
* Religious movements & motivations | |||
* Concept of self-governance expressed/ experienced: | |||
** House of Burgessses | |||
** John Winthrop | |||
** Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | |||
* | |||
'''DETAILS''' | '''DETAILS''' | ||
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* 1727 Virginia created "tobacco notes" or "tobacco receipts" | * 1727 Virginia created "tobacco notes" or "tobacco receipts" | ||
* = official certificates or "receipts" representing a certain amount of tobacco stored in a government warehouse | * = official certificates or "receipts" representing a certain amount of tobacco stored in a government warehouse | ||
** instead of exchanging actual tobacco, these "receipts" were used like paper money | |||
instead of exchanging actual tobacco, these "receipts" were used | |||
* see | * see | ||
** <nowiki>https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/tobacco-money</nowiki> Tobacco As Money (Encyclopedia.com)] | |||
* <nowiki>https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/tobacco-money</nowiki> Tobacco As Money (Encyclopedia.com)] | ** Early American Colonists Had a Cash Problem. Here's How They Solved It (Time.com) | ||
* Early American Colonists Had a Cash Problem. Here's How They Solved It (Time.com) | |||
* use of tobacco as currency led to great expansion of tobacco planting and overall economy | * use of tobacco as currency led to great expansion of tobacco planting and overall economy | ||
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* by Catholic George Calvert, Lord Baltimore; granted by English King Charles I | * by Catholic George Calvert, Lord Baltimore; granted by English King Charles I | ||
* first prioprietary colony = owned and governed by an individual | * first prioprietary colony = owned and governed by an individual | ||
Mayflower Compact | Mayflower Compact | ||
Rhode Island & religious freedom | Rhode Island & religious freedom | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki> 1636 Rhode Island passed acts to prohibit religious persecution of "non-Trinitarians" | <nowiki>*</nowiki> 1636 Rhode Island passed acts to prohibit religious persecution of "non-Trinitarians" | ||
<nowiki>**</nowiki> "Trinitarian" refers to believers of the "Holy Trinity", which is a core Catholic belief | <nowiki>**</nowiki> "Trinitarian" refers to believers of the "Holy Trinity", which is a core Catholic belief | ||
<nowiki>**</nowiki> Rhode Island is considered the first government to separate "Church and State" | <nowiki>**</nowiki> Rhode Island is considered the first government to separate "Church and State" | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki> 1649 Maryland passed the Maryland Toleration Act to enforce religious tolerance for Catholics ("Trinitarians") | <nowiki>*</nowiki> 1649 Maryland passed the Maryland Toleration Act to enforce religious tolerance for Catholics ("Trinitarians") | ||
<nowiki>**</nowiki> the Rhode Island and Maryland laws explicitly protected only Christians | <nowiki>**</nowiki> the Rhode Island and Maryland laws explicitly protected only Christians | ||
<nowiki>***</nowiki> after the English Restoration, Rhode Island welcomed Quakers, Jews and others seeking religious liberty | <nowiki>***</nowiki> after the English Restoration, Rhode Island welcomed Quakers, Jews and others seeking religious liberty | ||