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US Constitution study guide: Difference between revisions
→Article IV [Relations between States, and between States & the Federal Government]
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* extradition is to invoked upon request of the state in which the crime was committed | * extradition is to invoked upon request of the state in which the crime was committed | ||
* (as opposed to the next clause which requires surrendering runaway slaves upon request of the slave owner) | * (as opposed to the next clause which requires surrendering runaway slaves upon request of the slave owner) | ||
* it also means that the states surrender their sovereignty to protect a person from extradition | * it also means that the states surrender their sovereignty to protect a person from extradition}}'''. | ||
}}'''. | |||
<span style="background-color:#cccccc>No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, '''{{#tip-text:but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due|Fugitive Slave clause: | <span style="background-color:#cccccc>No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, '''{{#tip-text:but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due|Fugitive Slave clause: | ||
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* the 1793 Fugitive Slave Act enforced the Fugitive Slave Clause, terms for which were strengthened under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 | * the 1793 Fugitive Slave Act enforced the Fugitive Slave Clause, terms for which were strengthened under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 | ||
* the clause was extremely controversial and caused much intersectional (North-South) tension leading up to the Civil War | * the clause was extremely controversial and caused much intersectional (North-South) tension leading up to the Civil War | ||
* the clause was submitted into the text of the Constitution after the 3/5ths Clause and with little opposition; at that time, 1787, | * the clause was submitted into the text of the Constitution after the 3/5ths Clause and with little opposition; at that time, 1787, Vermont was a free state, but by 1790 all of New England had abolished slavery or was phasing it out) | ||
* it marked a tremendous challenge to Northern states who were forced to surrender their sovereignty over slavery bans | * it marked a tremendous challenge to Northern states who were forced to surrender their sovereignty over slavery bans | ||
* however, in practice, it was difficult for slave owners to enforce and among the justifications for secession (leaving the Union), South Carolina pointed to flagrant northern refusals to enforce the Fugitive Slave Acts | * however, in practice, it was difficult for slave owners to enforce and among the justifications for secession (leaving the Union), South Carolina pointed to flagrant northern refusals to enforce the Fugitive Slave Acts | ||
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{{#tip-text: [Section 3. Summary]|New states | {{#tip-text: [Section 3. Summary]|New states | ||
* new states may be admitted | * new states may be admitted | ||
* but if they are created out of parts of an existing state, that state must consent to its formation | * but if they are created out of parts of an existing state, that state must consent to the formation of a new state | ||
* (West Virginia was created during the Civil War, so Virginia, in rebellion, had no say on its formation) | |||
* Congress may set rules for the administration and entrance into states of territories | * Congress may set rules for the administration and entrance into states of territories | ||
* the issue of slavery deeply impacted the administration and admission of new states into the 19th century up to the Civil War | * the issue of slavery deeply impacted the administration and admission of new states into the 19th century up to the Civil War}}''' | ||
New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress. | New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress. | ||