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| Preparation for the state of Virginian SOL ("Standards of Learning") History test
| | '''Home page for state of Virginian SOL ("Standards of Learning") History test preparation''' |
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| Released tests can be found here: | | <u>Released tests can be found here</u>: |
| * https://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/sol/released_tests/index.shtml | | * [https://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/sol/released_tests/index.shtml Virginia SOL Released tests] |
| Virginia Standards of Learning | | <u>Virginia Standards of Learning</u>: |
| * [https://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/index.shtml | | *[https://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/index.shtml Virginia History & Social Studies Standards of Learning (all)] |
| | * [https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.doe.virginia.gov%2Ftesting%2Fsol%2Fstandards_docs%2Fhistory_socialscience%2F2015%2Fstsd-2015-hss-va-ushistory.docx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK History and Social Science Standards of Learning for Virginia Public Schools – March 2015] |
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| Note on table formatting
| | == '''Study pages''' == |
| * use align left for thumbs
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| * for text at top of cell, use
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| ** <nowiki>style="vertical-align:top;"</nowiki>
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| ** after row breaks on same line as <nowiki>\-</nowiki>
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| | * [[Virginia SOL Virginia & US History test: important concepts]] |
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| == Maps & Timelines == | | === Geography, Maps & Timelines === |
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| === Geographic regions of North America ===
| | * [[Virginia & US History SOL map study: geography]] |
| {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
| | * [[US History simple timeline|Virginia & US History simple timeline]] |
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| | * [[Virginia & US History SOL map study: Colonial to American Revolution]] |
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| | * [[Virginia & US History SOL map study: US expansion 1789-1959]] |
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| | * [[Virginia & US History SOL map study: US expansion 1789-1959 gallery]] |
| |- style="vertical-align:top;"
| | * [[Virginia & US History SOL map study: 20th century wars]] |
| |[[File:NorthAmerica-sel-regions LCPS VA-Edu..jpg|none|thumb|Major regions of North America from the Virginia Dept. of Education SOL framework document]]
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| |'''Key'''
| | == Notes on images & tables formatting == |
| *'''A) Coastal Plain'''
| | * use align left for image thumbnails |
| ** East Coast, location of the original 13 American colonies
| | * for tables use: {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" |
| ***
| | * for text at top of cell, use: |- style="vertical-align:top;" |
| *'''B) Appalachian Mountains'''
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| ** border between the 13 colonies and the French-Indian lands to the west of the Appalachians
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| *'''C) Canadian Shield'''
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| ** distinct climate and geographic area north of Great Lakes and New England
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| *'''D) Interior Lowlands'''
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| ** fertile lowlands along the Mississippi River | |
| *'''E) Great Plains'''
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| ** low, flat grasslands between the Mississippi Lowlands and the Rocky Mountains
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| *'''F) Rocky Mountains'''
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| ** great mountain range that served as barrier between the middle and western parts of the continent
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| *'''G) Basin and Range'''
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| ** isolated region that was not directly connected by rivers to other regions and that was between the Rocky Mountains and the Coastal Ranges (mountains)
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| *'''H) Coastal Ranges'''
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| ** Mountain range along the west coast that feeds water into the fertile valleys and lands along the coast
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| |- style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |[[File:Atlantic Coastal Plain.svg|thumb|The Atlantic coastal plain |alt=|border|none]]
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| |'''ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN'''
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| * lowland coast region along Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico
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| * the 13 American colonies were settled in the Coastal Plain from modern Georgia to Massachusetts
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| ** note that Massachusetts is part of the Appalachian region, but it was settled along with the '''Coastal Plain''' | |
| * the western barrier to the Coastal Plain is the eastern slope of the Appalachian Mountains
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| *
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| |-style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |[[File:AppalachianLocatorMap2.png|thumb|AppalachianLocatorMap2|alt=|border|none]][[File:Appalachian region of United States.png|thumb|'''Appalachian region of United States'''|alt=|none]]
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| |'''APPALACHIAN REGION'''
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| * Appalachian Mountains =
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| ** mountain range that extends along the western border of the Coastal Plain from Georgia to New England
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| ** includes sub-regions
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| *** the Piedmont, Low Plateaus and Mountains
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| * the Appalachian Mountains served as a barrier between
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| ** early American colonies (to the east of the Appalachians along the Coastal Plain)
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| ** and French and Indian lands (to the west of the Appalachians)
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| * all rivers from the eastern slope flow towards the Atlantic Ocean
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| * all rivers from the western slope flow towards the Mississippi River
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| * after Britain defeated France in the 1854-63 French-Indian War, the entire Appalachian region (and all lands up to the Mississippi River) became British
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| ** however, the British King prohibited American colonists from occupying it
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| |-style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |INTERIOR LOWLANDS
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| |-style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |[[File:Satellite image illustrating the Great Plains.jpg|thumb|Satellite image illustrating the Great Plains|alt=Satellite image illustrating the Great Plains.jpg|border|none]][[File:Map of Great Plains.svg|thumb|'''Great Plains region'''|alt=|none]]
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| |'''GREAT PLAINS REGION'''
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| |-style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |[[File:RockyMountains-Range.svg|thumb|RockyMountains-Range|alt=RockyMountains-Range.svg|border|none]]
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| |'''ROCKY MOUNTAINS REGION'''
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| * high mountain range above and to the east of the Great Basin | |
| ** the "'''Continental Divide'''" is in the Rocky Mountains, marking the point at which the land descends to the east or the west | |
| * important rivers flow from origins in the Rocky Mountains
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| |-style="vertical-align:top;" | |
| |[[File:Basin and Range Province Boundaries and Landmarks.svg|thumb|One of various geographical definitions of the Province|alt=|none]][[File:GB-Definition-Map.jpg|thumb|The hydrographic Great Basin (magenta outline), distinguished from the Great Basin Desert (black), and the Basin and Range Geological Province (teal).[3]|alt=|border|none]][[File:Great Basin map.gif|thumb|Great Basin map|alt=Great Basin map.gif|border|none]]
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| |'''BASIN AND RANGE'''
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| * the "Great Basin" = a geographic depression (low area) that was once under the sea
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| ** no rivers or water flow out of the Great Basin
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| * the VA & US SOL refers to the "Great Basin" as the "'''Basin'''"
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| * the '''Range''' includes mountains from which water flows into the Great Basin
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| ** the western border of the Range are the '''Sierra Nevada Mountains'''
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| |- style="vertical-align:top;" | |
| |[[File:California Mountain Ranges.png|thumb|Northern and Southern Coast Ranges and other major mountain ranges of California|alt=|border|none]]
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| |'''PACIFIC COASTAL RANGE'''
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| * western slope of mountains that border the Great Basin and Rocky Mountains
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| * and that produce important rivers that flow into the Pacific Ocean
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| * water flow from the mountains allows for great agricultural production in the "central valley"
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| ** = valley area between the mountains
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| === Rivers of the U.S. ===
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| {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
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| |- style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |[[File:Map of Major Rivers in US.png|thumb|Map of Major Rivers in US|alt=|border|none]]
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| |'''BIG IDEAS'''
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| * rivers start in mountains and flow downhill
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| * thus they mark the major regions
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| * | | * |
| |'''US Rivers to know:'''
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| * Hudson River
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| * Mississippi River
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| * Missouri River
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| * Ohio River
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| |- style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |[[File:US map - rivers and lakes3.jpg|thumb|US map - rivers and lakes3|alt=|border|none]]
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| |'''Virginia Rivers to know:'''
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| * James River
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| * Potomac River
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| * Roanoke River
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| * Virginia has approx. 49,350 miles of river
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| ** all Virginia rivers flow towards the Atlantic
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| |- style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |[[File:Chesapeake bay watershed map.jpg|thumb|The Chesapeake Bay watershed|alt=A rough map of the Chesapeake Bay watershed with blue lines for rivers drawn on top.]]
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| |-style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |[[File:Mississippi River Watershed Map.jpg|thumb|Mississippi River Watershed Map|alt=|border|none]][[File:Mississippi river map.png|thumb|Mississippi river map|alt=|border|none]]
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| |-style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |}
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| === Virginia maps ===
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| {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
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| |- style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |[[File:Virginia geographic map-en.svg|thumb|Virginia is shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains, the Chesapeake Bay and its watershed, and the parallel 36°30′ north.|alt=A topographic map of Virginia, with text identifying cities and natural features.]]
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| === Native American regions of North America ===
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| {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
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| [[File:NativeAmericanRegions map 1.jpg|thumb|'''Major Regions of North America'''|alt=|none]]
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| [[File:Langs N.Amer.png|thumb|Language families of Indigenous peoples in North America: shown across present-day Canada, Greenland, the United States, and northern Mexico|alt=|none]]
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| |'''BIG IDEAS'''
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| * Native American tribes and language groups were divided into these basic geographic regions
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| * these maps will not be on the Virginia SOL
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| ** however, they provide a good overview of distribution Native American ethnic, language and tribal groups
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| |-style="vertical-align:top;"
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| [[File:North American cultural areas.png|Cultural areas of North America at time of European contact|alt=|border|none|thumb]]
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| [[File:Early indian east.jpg|thumb|Eastern tribes & general language groups, pre-colonial era|alt=Early indian east.jpg|none]]
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| |'''BIG IDEAS'''
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| * at the time of English and French colonization, Native American tribes occupied all areas of European colonization
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| ** and were aligned by language and ethnic groups
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| * the English and French made treaties and/or fought with various tribes
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| ** which re-aligned Native American tribal arrangements
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| ** the French generally allied with Algonquin tribes and confederations
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| ** the English generally allied with Iroquois tribes and confederations
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| |}
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| === Colonial America & territorial expansion ===
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |-style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |1748
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| |[[File:Nouvelle-France map-fr.svg|thumb|Map showing French possessions in North America just before the French-Indian War (1754)|alt=|border|none]]
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| |'''BIG IDEAS'''
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| * red = British colonies in red, including 13 American
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| * striped red = British territory in Canada ceded (surrendered) by France to Britain in 1713
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| * blue = French territory, called "New France"
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| * orange = Spanish territory, which includes Florida and parts of modern Southwest US (an area that belonged to Mexico after Mexican independence from Spain)
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| * the red (British) and blue (French) territories are separated by the Appalachian Mountains
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| |-style="vertical-align:top;"
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| |1775
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| |[[File:Map Thirteen Colonies 1775.svg|thumb|Map Thirteen Colonies 1775|alt=|none]]
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| |'''BIG IDEAS'''
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| * after the French-Indian War (1754-1763), the lands that had belonged to Franch became British
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| ** Canada
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| ** all lands east of the Mississippi River
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| **
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| ** France gave control of Louisiana to Spain
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| *** = lands west of the Mississippi River
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| * English King George prohibited colonies from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains
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| * he reserved that land for Native Americans ("Indian Territories")
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| |}
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| == Wars: causes & effects ==
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| == Big Ideas ==
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| [[Category:US History]] | | [[Category:US History]] |
| | [[Category:Virginia SOL: Virginia & US History test]] |
| [[Category:Virginia SOL tests]] | | [[Category:Virginia SOL tests]] |