US History timeline & concept chart: 1789-1860 Early Republic to Antebellum: Difference between revisions
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* anti-War position led to demise of Federalists, rise of Whig party by election of 1824 | * anti-War position led to demise of Federalists, rise of Whig party by election of 1824 | ||
=== Indian | === Northwest Territories Indian raids and conflict leading up to War of 1812 === | ||
[[File:United States land claims and cessions 1782-1802.png|thumb|The state cessions that eventually allowed for the creation of the territories north and southwest of the River Ohio]] | [[File:United States land claims and cessions 1782-1802.png|thumb|The state cessions that eventually allowed for the creation of the territories north and southwest of the River Ohio]] | ||
* Northwest Territories consisted of the '''Ohio Valley''' and Great Lakes regions south of Canada | * Northwest Territories originally consisted of the '''Ohio Valley''' and Great Lakes regions south of Canada | ||
** the land was ceded by the British in the '''Treaty of Paris''' of 1783 that ended the American Revolution. | ** the land was ceded by the British in the '''Treaty of Paris''' of 1783 that ended the American Revolution. | ||
** VA, MA, NY PA and CT claimed parts of the territory, often in conflict with one another's claims | ** VA, MA, NY PA and CT claimed parts of the territory, often in conflict with one another's claims | ||
*** in | *** in 1784, the Continental Congress extended the '''Mason-Dixon''' westward and defined the western border of PA, leaving the land west, the Ohio Valley, federal territory | ||
*** the Mason-Dixon line marked the southern borders of PA with DE, MD, VA (including what is now WV); it was named for its original surveyors | |||
*** the Mason-Dixon line became known as boundary between northern free and southern slave states | |||
**** the northernmost corner of the Territories, in present MN, is known as the "the Angle" (see [[https://school4schools.com/wiki/index.php?title=Geography_fun_facts_%26_oddities#Enclaves_.26_exclaves Geography fun facts & oddities]] and the border was settled in 1818 | |||
** the '''Northwest Indian War''' of 1785-1795 marked a long series of conflicts in the Ohio Valley, ending with US establish rights to settlement there | |||
** subsequently, the settler-Native Indian conflicts continued in the '''Indiana Territory''' and northwestern regions of the Northwest Territories | |||
* Ohio became the first new state from part of the Territory in 1802 | |||
* in 1800 Indiana territory governor, William Henry Harrison, negotiated with tribes for land acquisition in | |||
** ''Treaty of 1803'' and ** ''Treaty of Fort Wayne'' in 1809 | |||
* British military outposts maintained presence in the Territories through the end of the War of 1812 | * British military outposts maintained presence in the Territories through the end of the War of 1812 | ||
* American settlers put pressure on Native Indian land holdings | * American settlers put pressure on Native Indian land holdings | ||
* Britain armed Native American tribes | * Britain armed Native American tribes to resist American settlers | ||
* | ** British agents hoped to create a permanent alliance with an autonomous Indian nation in the region | ||
* Shawnee tribal leader '''Tecumseh''' objected to the treaties on the grounds that the land belonged collectively to all the tribes, not just to those who joined the treaty (incl. Miami, Pottawatomie, Lenape) | * Shawnee tribal leader '''Tecumseh''' objected to the treaties on the grounds that the land belonged collectively to all the tribes, not just to those who joined the treaty (incl. Miami, Pottawatomie, Lenape) | ||
** his brother '''Tenskwata''', known as "The Prophet", led a "purification" movement to "purify" Native Americans of European influence (including alcohol) | ** his brother '''Tenskwata''', known as "The Prophet", led a "purification" movement to "purify" Native Americans of European influence (including alcohol) | ||