US History timeline & concept chart: 16th-18th centuries (to 1754) British-American colonies: Difference between revisions
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'''English Civil War'''<br><br> | '''English Civil War'''<br><br> | ||
'''Religious conflict & persecution as push factor on migration to colonial America''' | '''Religious conflict & persecution as push factor on migration to colonial America''' | ||
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* Protestant Reformation propels European nationalism | * Protestant Reformation propels European nationalism | ||
* Henry VIII’s break from Catholic Church & create Church of England ("Anglican church") | * Henry VIII’s break from Catholic Church & create Church of England ("Anglican church") | ||
* | * English Civil War (religious and political) | ||
** | ** | ||
'''DETAILS''' | '''DETAILS''' | ||
=== Protestant Reformation === | === Protestant Reformation === | ||
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* Henry VIII’s break from Catholic Church & create Church of England ("Anglican church") | * Henry VIII’s break from Catholic Church & create Church of England ("Anglican church") | ||
** the break ensures English-Spanish/French competition / wars | ** the break ensures English-Spanish/French competition / wars | ||
=== Thirty Years War, 1618-1648 === | === Thirty Years War, 1618-1648 === | ||
* European war between Catholic and protestant nations & regions, mostly in central Europe | * European war between Catholic and protestant nations & regions, mostly in central Europe | ||
** tremendous negative impact on European populations & economies | ** tremendous negative impact on European populations & economies | ||
*** estimates of 4.5 to 8 | *** estimates of 4.5 to 8 million dead (some parts of Germany suffered 50% population declines) | ||
** 1648 Peace of Westphalia | ** 1648 Peace of Westphalia | ||
*** terms of settlement indirectly established principles of "national sovereignty" and "non-interference" | *** terms of settlement indirectly established principles of "national sovereignty" and "non-interference" | ||
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*** increase in slave trade to include Dutch, French and English | *** increase in slave trade to include Dutch, French and English | ||
=== English Civil War, 1642–1651=== | === English Civil War, 1642–1651=== | ||
* | * "Royalists" (also called "Cavaliers") v. "Parliamentarians" (also called "Roundheads") | ||
* Royalists supported Charles I's attempts to consolidate power over Parliament | |||
** Charles I was crowned in 1625 as King of England, Scotland and Ireland | |||
** Charles immediately exerted "royal privilege" and the "divine right of kings" (royal absolutism) | |||
*** he introduced taxes without Parliament's consent | |||
*** | |||
* Parliamentarians wanted to limit the King's powers, including his control of the Church of England and appointment of his ministers | |||
* religious disagreement contributed to tensions | |||
** in 1625 Charles married a Catholic, Henrietta Maria (Queen Mary), upsetting protestants who feared Catholicism | |||
** royalists supported the King has head of the Church, as well as accommodation of Catholicism in Ireland and Scotland | |||
** Parliamentarians wanted a more "presbyterian" church whose hierarchy was separate from the monarchy | |||
*** they accused Charles of being "too Catholic" | |||
* historians divide the English Civil War into three periods (not our concern here) | |||
** 1649 execution of Charles I | |||
** Third Civil War ends in 1651 when Charles II was exiled | |||
* '''the Commonwealth''' | |||
** 1649-1653 Oliver Cromwell & the Commonwealth of England (Protestant rule) | |||
** the Commonwealth was marked by political dissention | |||
** only Cromwell held it together, falling apart a year after his death in 1658 and his son's unsuccessful rule | |||
* "Restoration" of Charles II in 1660 after Cromwell died and his son was unable to maintain rule | |||
=== Significance of English Civil War === | |||
* | |||
=== English Civil War impact on American colonies === | |||
* colonialists were divided in loyalties to Parliament or King | |||
* Puritan colonies, especially Massachusetts, aligned with the Parliamentarians | |||
** with the Parliamentarian victory, some Puritan colonialists returned to England | |||
* conflict in the colonies: | |||
** Virginia (a "crown colony" as of 1634) and Maryland ("proprietary colony" but owned by the Catholic Calver family) were strongly allied with Royalists | ** Virginia (a "crown colony" as of 1634) and Maryland ("proprietary colony" but owned by the Catholic Calver family) were strongly allied with Royalists | ||
*** The "Plundering Time" or "Claiborne and Ingle's Rebellion" = Protestant invasion of Kent Island and St. Mary's City in Maryland, 1644-46 | *** The "Plundering Time" or "Claiborne and Ingle's Rebellion" = Protestant invasion of Kent Island and St. Mary's City in Maryland, 1644-46 | ||
**** two years of raiding and turmoil | **** two years of raiding and turmoil | ||
**** Maryland governor, Cecilius Calvert (2nd Lord Baltimore), fled to Virginia | **** Maryland governor, Cecilius Calvert (2nd Lord Baltimore), fled to Virginia | ||
*** Lord Baltimore regained power 1646 | *** Lord Baltimore regained power 1646 | ||
*** during the Commonwealth, Parliament appointed protestant commissioners who opposed Lord Baltimore | *** during the Commonwealth, Parliament appointed protestant commissioners who opposed Lord Baltimore | ||
**** the commissioners essentially ran the state from 1654-1658 | **** the commissioners essentially ran the state from 1654-1658 | ||
**** under protestant rule, Maryland repealed the 1649 '''Maryland Toleration Act''' (which had provided for religious tolerance) | **** under protestant rule, Maryland repealed the 1649 '''Maryland Toleration Act''' (which had provided for religious tolerance) | ||
*** "Battle of the Severn" in 1655 near Annapolis, MD, called "the last battle of the English Civil War" (see [ | *** "Battle of the Severn" in 1655 near Annapolis, MD, called "the last battle of the English Civil War" (see [[wikipedia:Battle_of_the_Severn|Battle of the Severn (wikipedia)]] | ||
**** a protestant settlement at Horn Point on the Severn River skirmished with Lord Baltimore's forces | **** a protestant settlement at Horn Point on the Severn River skirmished with Lord Baltimore's forces | ||
*** in 1658 Lord Baltimore regained control and an amnesty was declared | *** in 1658 Lord Baltimore regained control and an amnesty was declared | ||
* Sources: | * Sources: | ||
** [ | **[[wikipedia:History_of_religion_in_the_United_States|History or Religion in the United States (wikipedia)]] | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" |
Revision as of 17:54, 25 October 2021
US History timeline & concept chart: American colonies 17th & mid-18th centuries
Objectives:
- to help students to
- associate timelines with events, persons, themes & concepts
- associate presidents with timelines, themes & concepts
- identify timelines with BIG IDEAS across periods of US history
- find connections and common themes across US history
- easily find relevant details for larger comprehension
- to help teachers to
- quickly review US History content for lesson planning
- provide students with easy and complete reference source for US history
Click EXPAND for a note for mobile phone users
- these timeline & concept charts use tables in order to connect ideas, timelines, and major concepts
- tables are not mobile-friendly (they do not wrap to a single column)
- when these charts are complete, we will in the future convert the charts to mobile-friendly format as an alternative file
- we encourage you to use a tablet or larger monitor in order to see the charts here
Index
Page structure & format guide
U.S. History course pages:
Article objectives[edit | edit source]
- exploration & colonialism motives & purposes
- role of domestic Britain conditions and choices in American colonialism
- especially religious & political conflict, population & economic growth
- regional, economic, and demographic aspects of colonial expansion
- timeline up to the French-Indian War (1754)
Protestant Reformation, European political and religious conflicts & impact on American colonies[edit | edit source]
PERIOD / TIMELINE | Major Events, Concepts & Themes | Notes & connections: details of issues, concepts, themes & events |
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Martin Luther & Protestant Reformation English Civil War Religious conflict & persecution as push factor on migration to colonial America
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BIG IDEAS
DETAILS Protestant Reformation[edit | edit source]
Henry VIII[edit | edit source]
Thirty Years War, 1618-1648[edit | edit source]
English Civil War, 1642–1651[edit | edit source]
Significance of English Civil War[edit | edit source]English Civil War impact on American colonies[edit | edit source]
|
British exploration and early settlements[edit | edit source]
PERIOD / TIMELINE | Major Events, Concepts & Themes | Notes & connections: details of issues, concepts, themes & events |
---|---|---|
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>> to do |
BIG IDEAS
DETAILS Early British explorations of North America[edit | edit source]
Tobacco economy[edit | edit source]
headright system[edit | edit source]
colony of Maryland[edit | edit source]
British governance of early colonies[edit | edit source]
Royal charters & mercantilism[edit | edit source]
Dominion of New England[edit | edit source]
Salutary neglect[edit | edit source]
click EXPAND for excerpt from Burke's speech to Parliament in 1775: “That I know that the colonies in general owe little or nothing to any care of ours, and that they are not squeezed into this happy form by the constraints of watchful and suspicious government, but that, through a wise and salutary neglect, a generous nature has been suffered to take her own way to perfection; when I reflect upon these effects, when I see how profitable they have been to us, I feel all the pride of power sink, and all presumption in the wisdom of human contrivances melt, and die away within me.” |
Early British North American colonization[edit | edit source]
PERIOD / TIMELINE | Major Events, Concepts & Themes | Notes & connections: details of issues, concepts, themes & events | ||
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British colonial population growth
Push / Pull factors
Joint Stock Company
Headright System
Indentured servants
Separatists (religious)
John Winthrop & "city upon a hill"
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BIG IDEAS
DETAILS British colonial population growth & demographics[edit | edit source]
“IN THE NAME OF GOD, AMEN. We… Do by these Presents, solemnly and mutually, in the Presence of God and one another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil Body Politick, for our better Ordering and Preservation, and Furtherance of the Ends aforesaid: And by Virtue hereof do enact, constitute, and frame, such just and equal Laws, Ordinances, Acts, Constitutions, and Officers, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general Good of the Colony; unto which we promise all due Submission and Obedience …”
click EXPAAND for Bradford's account of the cicada outbreak of 1633: "It is to be observed that, the spring before this sickness, there was a numerous company of Flies which were like for bigness unto wasps or Bumble-Bees; they came out of little holes in the ground, and did eat up the green things, and made such a constant yelling noise as made the woods ring of them, and ready to deafen the hearers; they were not any seen or heard by the English in this country before this time; but the Indians told them that sickness would follow, and so it did, very hot, in the months of June, July, and August of that summer."
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Southern colonial economies & demographics[edit | edit source]
PERIOD / TIMELINE | Major Events, Concepts & Themes | Notes & connections: details of issues, concepts, themes & events |
---|---|---|
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cash crops[edit | edit source]plantation economy[edit | edit source]coastal elites[edit | edit source]
backcountry farmers[edit | edit source]
Bacon's Rebellion[edit | edit source]slavery[edit | edit source]>> to do
|
BIG IDEAS
DETAILS
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Colonial slavery[edit | edit source]
PERIOD / TIMELINE | Major Events, Concepts & Themes | Notes & connections: details of issues, concepts, themes & events |
---|---|---|
|
subtitle[edit | edit source] |
BIG IDEAS DETAILS
slavery & slave culture
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New England colonial expansion[edit | edit source]
PERIOD / TIMELINE | Major Events, Concepts & Themes | Notes & connections: details of issues, concepts, themes & events | |
---|---|---|---|
|
subtitle[edit | edit source] |
BIG IDEAS
DETAILS
>> see Taylor on 1/4th of Boston freeman had ownership of a ship |
central colonies[edit | edit source]
PERIOD / TIMELINE | Major Events, Concepts & Themes | Notes & connections: details of issues, concepts, themes & events |
---|---|---|
|
subtitle[edit | edit source] |
BIG IDEAS DETAILS
|
Colonial wars[edit | edit source]
War Timeline | Colonial name | European name | Consequence | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1675-1763 |
"French & Indian Wars" include:
|
BIG IDEAS
| ||
1675–1678 | King Philip's War | n/a - independent of European conflicts or involvement |
| |
1688–1697 | King William's War |
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1702–1713 | Queen Anne's War | War of the Spanish Succession |
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1722–1725 | Dumner's War |
n/a - colonial war
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|
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1739 | War of Jenkin's Ear |
n/a - colonial conflict
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1744–1748 | King George's War | War of the Austrian Succession |
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1754–1763 | French-Indian War | Seven Years' War | to be discussed in subsequent timeline & concepts chart |