AP US History vocabulary list: Difference between revisions
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* wars are the effect or cause of change | * wars are the effect or cause of change | ||
* knowing wars and their dates and geography provides context and points of comparison | * knowing wars and their dates and geography provides context and points of comparison | ||
<div style="column-count:2"> | ----<div style="column-count:2"> | ||
=== Major Wars === | === Major Wars === | ||
* French-Indian War, 1754-1768: | * French-Indian War, 1754-1768: | ||
* American Revolution, 1764-1783 | * American Revolution, 1764-1783 | ||
* American Revolutionary War, 1775-1781 | * American Revolutionary War, 1775-1781 | ||
* War of 1812, 1812-1815 | * War of 1812, 1812-1815 | ||
* Mexican-American War, 1846-1848 | * Mexican-American War, 1846-1848 | ||
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* Vietman War, 1959-1975 | * Vietman War, 1959-1975 | ||
* Vietnam, U.S. ground war: 1965-1972 | * Vietnam, U.S. ground war: 1965-1972 | ||
* Gulf War, 1990-1991 | * Gulf War, 1990-1991 | ||
* War on Terror, 2001-2021 | * War on Terror, 2001-2021 | ||
* Afghanistan War, 2001-2021 | * Afghanistan War, 2001-2021 | ||
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=== Colonial Wars === | === Colonial Wars === | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Anglow-Powhatan Wars (1610-1646)|series of three conflicts, 1610-1614, 1622-1632, 1644-1646, consiting of Indian raids, hostage-taking, and English reprisal attacks, starting at Jamestown, and between the English and the Powhattan tribes and their leadership; the Powhattan goal was to drive the English out of Virginia entirely; the Treaty of 1846 ended hostilities and defined the extent of English possessions from the coast upwards the navigable portions of the York and othe rivers}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Anglow-Powhatan Wars (1610-1646)|series of three conflicts, 1610-1614, 1622-1632, 1644-1646, consiting of Indian raids, hostage-taking, and English reprisal attacks, starting at Jamestown, and between the English and the Powhattan tribes and their leadership; the Powhattan goal was to drive the English out of Virginia entirely; the Treaty of 1846 ended hostilities and defined the extent of English possessions from the coast upwards the navigable portions of the York and othe rivers}}</ul> | ||
* Beaver Wars, 1609-1701 (French/Dutch) | * Beaver Wars, 1609-1701 (French/Dutch) | ||
* Jamestown Massacre, 1622 | * Jamestown Massacre, 1622 | ||
* Pequot War (1634-1638) | * Pequot War (1634-1638) | ||
* King Philip's War, 1675-1678 | Metaomb's War | * King Philip's War, 1675-1678 | Metaomb's War | ||
* King William's War, 1689-1897 | * King William's War, 1689-1897 | ||
* Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713 | * Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713 | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Yamasee War, 1715-1717|frontier/ land disputes and conflicts between settlers and Native Americans in the Carolinas}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Yamasee War, 1715-1717|frontier/ land disputes and conflicts between settlers and Native Americans in the Carolinas}}</ul> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Chickasaw Wars, 1721-1763|Chickasaw tribes suppported by the British v. French & allied tribes along the Mississippi Valley over access to the Mississippi River; the wars ended with conlcusion of the French-Indian Wars}}</ul> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Chickasaw Wars, 1721-1763|Chickasaw tribes suppported by the British v. French & allied tribes along the Mississippi Valley over access to the Mississippi River; the wars ended with conlcusion of the French-Indian Wars}}</ul> | ||
* Dummer's War, 1722-25 | * Dummer's War, 1722-25 | ||
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=== American settlers or frontier wars === | === American settlers or frontier wars === | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Bacon's Rebellion 1676|violent political dispute over colonial protection of frontier settlers and lands; see below}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Bacon's Rebellion 1676|violent political dispute over colonial protection of frontier settlers and lands; see below}}</ul> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Regulator Insurrection, 1766-1771|ongoing defiance and rebellion of rural North Carolina colonists who objected to taxation and control from the eastern capital of North Carolina, New Bern; the term "Regulators" was chosen to emphasize that the movement wanted "regular" order of local governance and control}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Regulator Insurrection, 1766-1771|ongoing defiance and rebellion of rural North Carolina colonists who objected to taxation and control from the eastern capital of North Carolina, New Bern; the term "Regulators" was chosen to emphasize that the movement wanted "regular" order of local governance and control}}</ul> | ||
* Whiskey Rebellion, 1791-1794 | * Whiskey Rebellion, 1791-1794 | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Fries's Rebellion, 1799-1800|Tax revolt by Pennyslvania Dutch farmers}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Fries's Rebellion, 1799-1800|Tax revolt by Pennyslvania Dutch farmers}}</ul> | ||
=== US Indian Wars === | === US Indian Wars === | ||
* Creek War ( | (see above for colonial-era Indian wars) | ||
* Creek War (Tecumseh) | |||
* Seminole Wars | * Seminole Wars | ||
* Sioux Wars (including Pine Ridge Campaign / Dance movement / Battle of Wounded Knee) | |||
* see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Indian_Wars | * see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Indian_Wars | ||
=== Slave Revolts === | === Slave Revolts === | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:New York Slave Revolt of 1712|New York held the most slaves of all the colonies as of 1712, but for urban not agricultural labor; there were many freed slaves, as well, who lived in proximity to one another, so slave discontent was driven by access to and sharing with freed slaves and people in general; the NY Slave Revolt makes for an interesting comparison v. other, southern, slave revolts in that they were not isolated by agricultural conditions and plantation structures}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:New York Slave Revolt of 1712|New York held the most slaves of all the colonies as of 1712, but for urban not agricultural labor; there were many freed slaves, as well, who lived in proximity to one another, so slave discontent was driven by access to and sharing with freed slaves and people in general; the NY Slave Revolt makes for an interesting comparison v. other, southern, slave revolts in that they were not isolated by agricultural conditions and plantation structures}}</ul> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Stono Rebellion, 1739|South Carolina, largest slave rebellion with 25 English and 35-50 slaves killed; led by an educated slave who knew to take advantage of planters' Sunday worship gatherings when they were unsuspecting and unarmed; this and other southern slave revolts were the product of horrible living conditions but growing slave populations who were able to organize while isolated from free whites; following the Stono Rebellion, SC passed laws requiring more whites per black slaves on plantations and limiting slave access to their own food and economic production}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Stono Rebellion, 1739|South Carolina, largest slave rebellion with 25 English and 35-50 slaves killed; led by an educated slave who knew to take advantage of planters' Sunday worship gatherings when they were unsuspecting and unarmed; this and other southern slave revolts were the product of horrible living conditions but growing slave populations who were able to organize while isolated from free whites; following the Stono Rebellion, SC passed laws requiring more whites per black slaves on plantations and limiting slave access to their own food and economic production}}</ul> | ||
* Nat Turner's Rebellion, 1826 | * Nat Turner's Rebellion, 1826 | ||
=== Minor Wars or US Military actions === | === Minor Wars or US Military actions === | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Quasi-War, 1798-1800|series of naval battles of the East coast and in the Caribbean, primarily over trade and other diplomatic tensions betwen England and France, and the U.S. and both}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Quasi-War, 1798-1800|series of naval battles of the East coast and in the Caribbean, primarily over trade and other diplomatic tensions betwen England and France, and the U.S. and both}}</ul> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:First Barbary War, 1801-1805|In response to attacks and hostage-taking of American and other ships since the 1780s by North African "Barbary Pirates", raiders sponsored by by local Ottoman rules, the Jefferson administration sent warships to end the harrassment and cease the practice of paying "tribute" for release of vessels and sailors}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:First Barbary War, 1801-1805|In response to attacks and hostage-taking of American and other ships since the 1780s by North African "Barbary Pirates", raiders sponsored by by local Ottoman rules, the Jefferson administration sent warships to end the harrassment and cease the practice of paying "tribute" for release of vessels and sailors}}</ul> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Second Barbary War, 1815|after ongoing harrassment of US ships by North African raiders, US Navy defeated the Algerian fleet and ended the long-standing problem with the 'Barbery Pirates"}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Second Barbary War, 1815|after ongoing harrassment of US ships by North African raiders, US Navy defeated the Algerian fleet and ended the long-standing problem with the 'Barbery Pirates"}}</ul> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Panama Revolution, 1903|Teddy Roosevelt Administration sent US warships to Panama in support of revolutionaries who were seeking independence from Columbia; Roosevelt did so becuase a prior agreement with Columbia to give the U.S. rights to build a canal across Panama (the "Panama Isthmums") had fallen apart, and by supporting the revolutionaries, Roosevelt secured access to the lands for the canal}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Panama Revolution, 1903|Teddy Roosevelt Administration sent US warships to Panama in support of revolutionaries who were seeking independence from Columbia; Roosevelt did so becuase a prior agreement with Columbia to give the U.S. rights to build a canal across Panama (the "Panama Isthmums") had fallen apart, and by supporting the revolutionaries, Roosevelt secured access to the lands for the canal}}</ul> | ||
* Russian White Revolution, Vladistok, 1918 | * Russian White Revolution, Vladistok, 1918 | ||
* Berlin Airlift, 1946 << date? | * Berlin Airlift, 1946 << date? | ||
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* Pueblo Revolt, 1680 | * Pueblo Revolt, 1680 | ||
* French Revolution, 1789-1795 | * French Revolution, 1789-1795 | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Haitian Revolution, 1791-1804|series of wars of that ended in Haitian independence from France; the impact upon the U.S. was that without control of Haiti, New Orleans became less important to France, which also needed the revenue from the Louisiana Purchase}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Haitian Revolution, 1791-1804|series of wars of that ended in Haitian independence from France; the impact upon the U.S. was that without control of Haiti, New Orleans became less important to France, which also needed the revenue from the Louisiana Purchase}}</ul> | ||
* Napoleonic Wars, 1803-1815 | * Napoleonic Wars, 1803-1815 | ||
* Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905 | * Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905 | ||
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=== English colonial periods === | === English colonial periods === | ||
Note: | Note: | ||
* Britain held colonial possessions in the Caribbean region, as well as the thirteen colonies | * Britain held colonial possessions in the Caribbean region, as well as the thirteen colonies and portions of Canada | ||
* following smaller wars and the worldwide French-Indian War (Seven Years War), Britain sequentially took France's Canadian possessions as well as its landholdings between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River. | * following smaller wars and the worldwide French-Indian War (Seven Years War), Britain sequentially took France's Canadian possessions as well as its landholdings between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River. | ||
* Levels of British control of the colonies rose and fell according to domestic British politics and its international priorities. | * Levels of British control of the colonies rose and fell according to domestic British politics and its international priorities. | ||
Revision as of 22:30, 12 September 2024
US History and AP US History Running Vocabulary List: Terms, Concepts, Names and Events
(note: see Talk page for to do list and suggestions)
This page may be used as an all-round study guide for the AP Exam.
Primary goals of this study guide:
- Knowledge of periods
- Knowledge of terms, people and places
- Knowledge of dates
- See here for map review of US History
For Multiple Choice section (MCQ), students are to:
- identify document source, date, historical context
- contextuals document and not confuse it for wrong period or context in wrong possible answer
- idenify other errors in wrong possible answers
For Free Response sections (FRQ, DBQ), students are to:
- demonstrate historical factual knowledge
- provide examples, describe and explain
- write to an uninformed audience
- as in math, "show your work" -- i.e., explain everything
- contextualize through cause and effect
- compare/contrast to other periods, persons, and events
- conceptualize facts into large ideas
US History: BIG IDEAS for American self-conception and historical choices[edit | edit source]
Students may address historican themes, events, and periods using the various notions of self-conception of Americans across history. Note that these concepts change over time. A short list of topics/ core ideas includes:
the American Dream
American exceptionalism
Americanism (and What is it to be an American?)
Civil liberties
Civil Rights
"City on a Hill"
Debate
Dissent
Due process
Duty
e pluribus unam
Equality
Expansionism (including westerd expansion, overseas expansion; also economic)
Foreign non-Intervention / Intervention
Freedom/ Freedoms, esp. movement, protest, religion, speech
Freedom of conscience
Idealism
Intellectual property
Innovation
Issues focus
Justice
Limited government
Patriotism
Personal autonomy
Personal / public safety
Politics
Practicality / Self-interest
Push- / pull- factors (migration)
Regionalism
Self-reliance
Self-rule/ self-governance
Technology
War
Implications of a Democracy[edit | edit source]
In 1835, the French aristocrat, Alexis de Tocqueville published the first of two volumes, "Democracy in America". Tocqueville was intrigued by the social, cultural and political implications of a democratic society -- by which he meant, generally,
- absence of social classes or heirarchies among citizens
- members of that dominant social class consider themselves one another's equal
Tocqueville's analysis yields enormous insight into the American character of the 1830s as well as today:
- notion of equality
- individualism
- emphasis on local governance
- civic activity and associations
- spirit of religion
These characteristics of a democracy can be applied to historical analysis on the AP exam and for understanding US History generally.
American Slogans or Famous Utterances[edit | edit source]
A day that will live in infamy
A republic, if you can keep it!
The American way
Equal justice under law
Getting the government you deserve
Give me liberty or give me death!
Go west, young man!
I am a Berliner / Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!
In God we trust
Life, liberty and the pursuit of happines
Live free or die
Nothing to fear but fear itself
Of the people, by the people, for the people
Outdoing the Joneses
Remember the Alamo!
Taxation without representation
United we stand, divided we fall
We shall overcome
We the people
Historical textual analysis: approaches and strategies[edit | edit source]
When reviewing an historical document, consider:[edit | edit source]
- date / historical context
- author
- publisher
- audience
- author point of view & purpose
Review fine print, sources, in cartoons anything written, and apply your PRIOR KNOWLEDGE[edit | edit source]
- what do you know about the period?
- what came before it?
- what followed?
- what events, periods, persons may be compared or contrasted to it?
Analytical tools[edit | edit source]
HAPPy or HIPP
| Historical context | (Intended) Audience | Purpose | Point of View | y |
OPVL
| Origin | Perspective | Value | Limitations |
SPRITE
| Social | Political | Religious | Intellectual | Technological | Economics |
General terms to know for US History[edit | edit source]
- abolitionism
- aristocratic
- authority
- blue collar v. white collar
- cession
- chain migration
- class warfare
- ''de facto'' v. ''de jure''
- delegate (as noun and verb)
- democracy
- direct tax
- disenfranchised
- dissent
- domestic
- duties
- Electoral College
- emancipation
- embargo
- equity
- excise tax
- federal
- franchise
- hegemony/hegomonic
- imperialism
- indemnity
- infringe / infringement
- intolerance
- laissez-faire
- landmark court case
- legitimacy
- mercantilism
- nativism
- nullify / nullification
- Old World v. New World
- political
- political expediency
- popular sovereignty
- precedent
- power
- prohibition
- republic
- "Republican motherhood"
- republican principles
- state
- states rights
- segregation
- socialism
- sovereignty
- suffrage
- tariff
- temperance movement
- two-party system
- unalienable
- unintended consequence
- United States
- western expansion
Wars timeline[edit | edit source]
- wars are the effect or cause of change
- knowing wars and their dates and geography provides context and points of comparison
Major Wars[edit | edit source]
- French-Indian War, 1754-1768:
- American Revolution, 1764-1783
- American Revolutionary War, 1775-1781
- War of 1812, 1812-1815
- Mexican-American War, 1846-1848
- Civil War, 1861-1865
- Spanish-American War, 1898
- Philipine Insurgeny, 1899-1902
- World War I (U.S.), 1917-1918
- White Russian War, 1917
- Wolrd War II (U.S.) 1941-1945
- Korean War, 1950-1953
- Vietman War, 1959-1975
- Vietnam, U.S. ground war: 1965-1972
- Gulf War, 1990-1991
- War on Terror, 2001-2021
- Afghanistan War, 2001-2021
- Iraq War, 2003-2011
- Iraqi Insurgency, 2003-2006
Colonial Wars[edit | edit source]
- Anglow-Powhatan Wars (1610-1646)
- Beaver Wars, 1609-1701 (French/Dutch)
- Jamestown Massacre, 1622
- Pequot War (1634-1638)
- King Philip's War, 1675-1678 | Metaomb's War
- King William's War, 1689-1897
- Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713
- Yamasee War, 1715-1717
- Chickasaw Wars, 1721-1763
- Dummer's War, 1722-25
- Pontiac's War, 1763-1766
- Lord Dunmore's War, 1774
American settlers or frontier wars[edit | edit source]
- Bacon's Rebellion 1676
- Regulator Insurrection, 1766-1771
- Whiskey Rebellion, 1791-1794
- Fries's Rebellion, 1799-1800
US Indian Wars[edit | edit source]
(see above for colonial-era Indian wars)
- Creek War (Tecumseh)
- Seminole Wars
- Sioux Wars (including Pine Ridge Campaign / Dance movement / Battle of Wounded Knee)
- see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Indian_Wars
Slave Revolts[edit | edit source]
- New York Slave Revolt of 1712
- Stono Rebellion, 1739
- Nat Turner's Rebellion, 1826
Minor Wars or US Military actions[edit | edit source]
- Quasi-War, 1798-1800
- First Barbary War, 1801-1805
- Second Barbary War, 1815
- Panama Revolution, 1903
- Russian White Revolution, Vladistok, 1918
- Berlin Airlift, 1946 << date?
- Greece, 1948
- Iran, 1950s
- Grenada, 1980s
- Panama, 1990 < confirm
- Syria, 2010-12
- Libya, 2012
Important non-American Wars[edit | edit source]
- Thirty Years War, 1618-1648
- Anglo-Spanish War, 1625-1630
- English Civil War, 1642-1644
- Anglo-Dutch War, 1652-1654
- Anglo-Spanish Wars, 1654-1660, 1665-1667
- Pueblo Revolt, 1680
- French Revolution, 1789-1795
- Haitian Revolution, 1791-1804
- Napoleonic Wars, 1803-1815
- Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905
- Mexican Revolution, 1910-1920
- Russian Revolution, 1917
- World War I, 1914-1918
- Japanese Invasion of Manchuria, 1931-32:
- World War II, 1939-1945
- Suez Crisis, 1957 <<confirm
See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_the_United_States
American Revolution flowcharts[edit | edit source]
Origins[edit | edit source]
British & Colonial responses[edit | edit source]
Cycle of Escalation[edit | edit source]
Repeal of Stamp Act to Boston Massacre[edit | edit source]
Repeal Townsend Acts to Boston Tea Party[edit | edit source]
Intolerable Acts to Colonial Organization[edit | edit source]
War[edit | edit source]
Vocabulary, Terms, and Periods[edit | edit source]
Pre-Columbian[edit | edit source]
- Algonquian
- Hopewell tradition
- indigenous
- Iroquois
- Iroquois Confederacy
- Mississippian period/ culture
- Mound Builders
- reciprocal relations
- Woodland Period
Colonial Periods[edit | edit source]
Age of Exploration[edit | edit source]
- caravel
- Henry Hudson
- conquistador
- St. Lawrence River
Spanish colonialism[edit | edit source]
- asiento
- De Las Casas
- encomienda
- Florida (or Spanish Florida)
- hacienda
- Mit'a (Inca)
- New Laws of 1542
- Pueblo Revolt
- repartimiento
- Saint Augustine
- Sepúlveda
- Spanish social heirarchies (terms)
- Treaty of Tordesillas
Dutch and French colonialism[edit | edit source]
- Beaver War
- ''couriers de bois''
- fur trade
- New Amsterdam
- New France
African slave trade[edit | edit source]
- Middle Passage
- Olaudah Equiano
- seasoning camps
- triangle trade
English colonial periods[edit | edit source]
Note:
- Britain held colonial possessions in the Caribbean region, as well as the thirteen colonies and portions of Canada
- following smaller wars and the worldwide French-Indian War (Seven Years War), Britain sequentially took France's Canadian possessions as well as its landholdings between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River.
- Levels of British control of the colonies rose and fell according to domestic British politics and its international priorities.
- The American Revolution was largely the result of the excercise of direct control of colonial affairs that followed the French-Indian War.
Colonial political, economic and social[edit | edit source]
Types of Colonies[edit | edit source]
- Corporate Charter
- Proprietary Colony
- Royal Colony
Colony Characteristics[edit | edit source]
- Maryland
- Massachussets Bay Colony
- Pennsylvania
- Virginia
British colonial period terms & events[edit | edit source]
- Appalachian Mountains
- Bacon’s Rebellion
- the Great Awakening
- headright system
- House of Burgesses
- indentured servitude
- Jamestown
- John Rolfe
- John Smith
- Joint Stock Compnany
- Jonathan Edwards
- King Philip’s War, 1675-1678
- Lord Baltimore
- "Lost Colony"
- Massachusetts Bay Colony
- migration push/ pull factors
- Native American & English relations
- Navigation Acts, 1663, 1673, 1696
- New England town meetings
- Pequot War, 1636-37
- Puritan
- Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713
- salutary neglect
- slave codes
- William Penn
- yoeman
French Indian War[edit | edit source]
Notes:
- 1754-1763
- the immediate cause of the war was the growing presence of English colonials across the Appalachian Mountains and into the Ohio Valley
- the French and their indian allies opposed these settlements
- a site of considerable contention was Fort Duquesne at present-day Pittsburg, as the location was at the confluuence of two major rivers leading into the Ohio River
- sparked by an unsuccessful British and colonial attacks on French forts in Pennsylvania
- in 1753, George Washington 1753 delivered a message to the French at another Fort in Pennsylvania demanding French evacuation from the region
- on July 3, 1754, as a colonel in the Virginia Militia, Washington led an attack upon the French Ford Necessity; he lost and had to surrender
- British regular Army, along with colonial militias (and including Washington), reorganized and attacked another French fort, Fort Duquesne on Sept. 14, 1758, and also lost
- there were 500 French and Indian soldiers
- and 400 British regulars and 350 colonial militia
- the British eventually took Ft. Dusquesne in 1758 (renaming it Ft. Pitt), and the focus of the war moved toward Canada and the St. Lawrence River waterways, particularly the French city Quebec.
French-Indian War terms[edit | edit source]
- Albany Conference, 1754
- Albany Plan
- Algonquian Indians
- Annus Mirabilis of 1759
- Fort Duquesne
- Iroquois Confederacy
- Proclamation of 1763
- Treaty of Paris of 1763
- William Pitt
American Revolution[edit | edit source]
- ABC Boards
- Admiralty Court/ Vice-Admiralty Court
- Boston Massacre
- Boston Tea Party
- Circulatory Letter
- committees of correspondence
- Common Law
- Common Sense
- Continental Association
- Continental Congress
- Continental Association
- Declaration of Independence
- direct representation
- Enlightenment philosophers
- First Continental Congress
- Dunmore's War
- ''Gaspee'' affair
- John Locke
- Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer
- Lexington/Concord
- Loyalist
- Minutemen
- Montesquieu
- natural rights
- Nonimportation movement
- Patriot
- Popular Sovereignty
- Revolutionary flags
- Battle of Saratoga
- social contract theory
- Sons of Liberty
- Stamp Act Congress
- Valley Forge
- virtual representation
- Vice Admiralty Courts
- Yorktown
- Continental Congresses
- Writs of Assistance
Revoluationary Era people[edit | edit source]
- John Adams
- Samuel Adams
- John Dickinson
- Lord Dunmore
- Benjamin Franklin
- George Grenville
- Thomas Jefferson
- Lord North
- Thomas Paine
- Charles Townshend
- George Washington
British Laws & Regulations[edit | edit source]
| Year | Act |
|---|---|
| 1763 | Sugar Act |
| 1764 | Quebec Act |
| 1765 | Quartering Act |
| 1766 | Declaratory Act |
| 1767 | Townsend Act |
| 1773 | Tea Act |
| Coervice Acts |
- Coercive Acts
- Currency Acts
- Intolerable Acts
- Navigation Acts
- Olive Branch Petition
- Quartering Act
- Stamp Act
- Sugar Act
- Tea Act
- Townsend Acts
Early Republic[edit | edit source]
Articles of Confederation Period[edit | edit source]
- Articles of Confederation
- Shay’s Rebellion
- confederation
- sovereignty
- supermajority
- unicameral
U.S. Constitution[edit | edit source]
- 3/5ths Compromise
- amendment process
- anti-Federalists
- bicameral
- Bill of Rights
- checks and balances
- Connecticut Compromise
- Constitution
- elastic clause
- electoral college
- Federalists
- Federalism
- Federalist no. 10
- Federalist no. 51
- Federalist Papers
- Federalists
- George Washington
- Great Compromise
- impeachment
- James Madison
- New Jersey Plan
- Northwest Ordinance
- preamble
- preamble to the Constitution
- ratification
- separation of powers
- strict vs. loose interpretation
- unwritten Constitution
- Virginia Plan
Early Republic[edit | edit source]
- 12th Amendment
- American System
- Alien & Sedition Acts
- British-French conflict & Napoleonic Wars
- Cabinet
- CItizen Genet affair
- Compromise of 1820
- Democratic-Republicans
- Era of Good Feelings
- Federalists
- George Washington
- Alexander Hamilton
- impressment
- internal improvements
- Jay's Treaty
- Jeffersonians/ Jeffersonianism
- judicial review
- Louisiana Purchase
- Marbury v. Madison (1804)
- John Marshall
- McColluch v. Maryland (1819)
- Monroe Doctrine
- Mossouri Compromise
- National Bank
- Northwest Territory
- nullification
- political parties
- Republican motherhood
- republicanism
Revolution of 1800:
- Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
- War of 1812
- Whigs
- Whiskey Rebellion
Antebellum period[edit | edit source]
- cotton gin
- land speculation
Jacksonian period[edit | edit source]
- John Quincy Adams
- Bank War
- Corrupt Bargain
- Force Bill
- Henry Clay
- Jacksonian democracy
- Indian Removal Act
- Nat Turner Rebellion (1831)
- Nullification Crisis
- Petticoat affair
- Postal Service
- Panic of 1837
- Second Party System
- spoils system
- Tariff of 1833
- Trail of Tears
- Daniel Webster
- Worcester v. Georgia
Antebellum[edit | edit source]
Social reform[edit | edit source]
- American Anti-Slavery Society
- cult of domesticity
- Declaration of Sentiments
- Frederic Douglas
- emancipation
- Philadelphia Women's Anti-Slavery Convention
- Ralph Waldo Emerson
- Second Great Awakening
- Seneca Falls Convention
- Sojouner Truth
- Elizabeth Cady Stanton
- suffrage
- Temperance movement
- Henry David Thoreaux
- transcendentalism
- Uncle Tom’s Cabin
- Underground Railroad
- Walden Pond
Antebellum[edit | edit source]
- American Party
- Bloody Kansas
- John Calhoun
- Compromise of 1850
- Jefferson Davis
- Dred Scott decision
- Gadsden Purchase
- Gold Rush of 1849
- Henry Clay
- John Brown
- Kansas-Nebraska Act
- Know Nothings
- Lincoln-Douglas Debates
- manifest destiny
- Mexican American War
- popular sovereignty
- Republic of Texas
- sectionalism
- Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
- Daniel Webster
Latter 19th Century[edit | edit source]
Civil War[edit | edit source]
- 1860 Election
- Anaconda Plan
- Antietam
- Appomattox
- Confederacy
- Copperheads
- Emancipation Proclamation
- Ft. Sumter
- Gettysburg
- Gettysburg Address
- Robert E. Lee
- Lincoln’s pre-war stance on slavery
- Sherman’s March
- Vicksburg
- U.S. Grant
- Union
Reconstruction[edit | edit source]
- 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments
- black codes
- "bloody shirt"
- Compromise of 1877
- 40 acres and a mule
- Freedman’s Bureau
- grandfather clause
- homestead
- Jim Crow laws Klu Klux Klan
- land grant
- literacy tests
- Morill Land-Grant Act (1862)
- Plessy v. Ferguson
- poll taxes
- Radical Republicans
- Reconstruction Act of 1867
- Reconstruction programs:
- Lincoln's plan
- Johnson's program
- Congressional program
Post-Reconstruction[edit | edit source]
- Susan B. Anthony
- Battle of Wounded Knee
- Chinese Exclusion Act
- Dawes Act /assimilation
- Gentlemen’s Agreement
- Great Migration
- Homestead Act of 1862
- melting pot
- nativism
- National Suffrage Movement
- Sand Creek Massacre
- Women's Christian Temperance Union
Economic & Political[edit | edit source]
- Andrew Carnegie
- bimetallism
- economies of scale
- Coinage Act of 1873
- "free silver"
- Grange, the
- hard money
- laissez-faire capitalism
- monopoly
- Nelson Rockefeller
- political bosses
- political machine
- Populist Party
- robber barons
- Sherman Anti-trust Act
- silver
- social Darwinism
- soft money
- specie
- Standard Oil
- transcontinental railroad
- U.S. Steel
Imperialism[edit | edit source]
- Battle of Manila
- “Big Stick Policy”
- Cuba
- de Lôme Letter,
- imperialism
- William McKinley
- Open Door Policy
- Panama Canal
- Roosevelt Corollary
- Spanish-American War
- yellow journalism
- USS Maine
First half 20th Century[edit | edit source]
Labor[edit | edit source]
- craft union
- American Federation of Labor (AFL)
- Eugene Debs (155-1926)
- industrial union
- industrial union
- Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)
- Samuel Gompers (1850-1924)
- term
Progressive Era[edit | edit source]
- "Square Deal”
- 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th Amendments
- Bull Moose Party
- Elkins Act (1903)
- Eugene V. Debs
- Direct democracy
- Federal Reserve Act (1913)
- Gifford Pinchot
- Hepburn Act
- initiative
- Jacob Riis
- Jane Addams
- Meat Inspection Act
- muckrakers
- New Freedom
- New Nationalism
- Newlands Act of 1902
- Progressive Party
- Progressives / progressivism
- Pure Food and Drug Act
- recall
- referendum
- Rule of Reason
- Settlement houses
- socialism
- Square Deal
- Upton Sinclair
- Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt
- "Three Cs": Conservation, Corporate law, Consumer protections
- William Howard Taft
World War I era[edit | edit source]
WWI[edit | edit source]
Notes:
- Bolsheviks
- Espionage (1917) and Sedition (1918) Acts
- "He kept us out of the war" (1916)
- Jones Act (1916)
- Liberty Loans
- Lusitania sinking (1915)
- Pancho Villa (1914)
- Russian Revolution
- Sussex Pledge (1916)
- U-Boats
- Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917 (TWEA)
- War bonds
- War Industries Board
- Zimmerman Note
WWI aftermath[edit | edit source]
- Collective Security
- Depression of 1920-1921
- Fourteen Points
- League of Nations
- Senate Foreign Relations Committee
- Treaty of Versailles
post-WWI & 1920s[edit | edit source]
- "America First"
- Black Tuesday
- Court-packing scheme
- deficit spending
- Dust Bowl
- Harlem Renaissance
- Hoover
- Immigration Act of 1924
- League of Nations
- Lusitania/Zimmerman Note
- National Origins Act
- New Deal
- Palmer Raids
- Proclamation of Neutrality
- prohibition
- pump-priming
- Red Scare
- Return to ‘normalcy’
- Roarding Twenties
- Sacco and Vanzetti
- Scopes Trial
- Teapot Dome Scandal
- Wilsonianism
1920s[edit | edit source]
- automobiles
- consumerism
- credit
- Bathtub gin
- Harlem Renaissance
- Jazz Age
- Klu Klux Klan
- Margin buying
- radio
- refrigerators
- Scopes "Monkey" Trial
Great Depression & FDR[edit | edit source]
Stock Market Crash & Hoover Administration[edit | edit source]
Notes:
- the value of the New York Stock Exchange was measured in value by the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA, also known as "the DOW"; it is still used, but among other measures);
- the market rose from about 150 in January of 1927 to a peak of 381 in August of 1929.
- it started dropping through September into October, before its precipitous drop to 237 on Oct 29
- it stabilizied in early 1930, then in May continued a long drop to its low of 41 on July 8, 1932; the DOW did not reach 381 until 1954
- Black Thursday
- Black Monday
- Black Tuesday
- "buying on margin"
- Hawley-Smoot Tariff
- Hoovervilles
- margin call
-
- speculative bubble
- 100 Days
- 20th Amendment
- 21st Amendment
- bank run
- Brain Trust
- Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO, started 1938)
- fireside chats
- Harry Hopkins
- NRA
- "New Deal"
- Francis Perkins
- Social Security
- Supreme Court
- "We have nothing to fear but fear itself"
- Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933
FDR Administration & Great Depression[edit | edit source]
= New Deal legislation & Agencies[edit | edit source]
World War II[edit | edit source]
pre-WWII[edit | edit source]
- A Philip Randolph
- America First Committee
- appeasement
- Battle of Britain
- “cash and carry”
- election of 1940
- isolationism
- Lend-Lease Act
- Lindburgh
- Maginot Line
- Munich Agreement
- "Peace for our time"
- Poland invasion
- Sudetenland
- U.S. Neutrality Acts
- "war footing"
- war preparations
WWII[edit | edit source]
- "arsenal of democracy"
- D-Day
- Eastern Front
- Hiroshima, Nagasaki
- Homefront
- Island Hopping
- Japanese Internment Camps
- Korematsu v. U.S.
- Manhattan Project
- mechanized warfare
- propaganda
- rationing
- recycling
- Rosie the Riviter
- Truman’s decision
- "Victory Gardens"
- war bonds
Post-War plans/ conferences
- Potsdam Conference
- Tehran Conference
- Yalta Conference
End of WWII[edit | edit source]
- 22nd amendment
- Nuremburg Trials
- United Nations
Latter-half 20th Century[edit | edit source]
Notes:
- WWII was the last conflict entered by official Declaration of War by Congress
- all other post-WWII "wars" have been without actual declaration of war
- the U.S. has entered most of these wars through a combination of Executive Action and Congressional approval, either for a military action or funding thereof
- a key component of post-WWII US History for students to grapple with is the dramatic change to worldwide involvement and/or adventurism and the various justifications for them
- students should understand American "hegemony" and reaons for American worlwdide dominance and the extent to which it may be considered economic, political cultural imperialism
Early Cold War Foreign Affairs[edit | edit source]
- Berlin crisis / Berlin airlift
- Bretton Woods Conference
- capitalism
- Chiang Kai-shek
- China, loss of
- communism
- containment policy
- George F. Kennan
- Greek Civil War
- ideology/ ideological
- Iron Curtain / Iron Curtain speech
- Israel/ Palestine
- Long Telegram / Article “X”
- Mao Zedong
- Marshall Plan
- NATO
- NATO/Warsaw Pact
- NSC-68
- proxy war
- SEATO
- sphere/s of influence
- Suez Canal Crisis
- Truman Doctrine
- Turkey
- United Nations
- UK sterling crisis
- Warsaw Pact
Atomic age[edit | edit source]
- atmospheric testing
- atomic testing
- bombers
- A-bomb
- Chinese bomb (Taiwan incident)
- German scientists
- H-bomb
- brinkmanship
- ICBM
- Nike missile system
- MAD/ mutually-assured destruction
- anti-ballistic missile
- nuclear shield
Korean War[edit | edit source]
- Truman v. Gen. MacArthur
- Chinese Revolution
Cold War diplomacy[edit | edit source]
- East, the
- hegemony / hegemonic power
- nation-building
- Palestine partition
- Security Council
- Third World
- unaligned nations
- United Nations
- West, The
Eisenhower period[edit | edit source]
- CIA
- containment
- containment in Asia
- containment in Europe
- containment in Latin America
- containment in the Middle East
- Cuba
- Domino Theory
- Dwight Eisenhower
- Eisenhower Doctrine
- HUAC Committee
- Joseph McCarthy
- Marshall Plan
- McCarthyism
- "military industrial complex" (1958/9?)
- Suez crisis
Domestic US Cold War[edit | edit source]
- Executive Order 9835
- Second Red Scare
- McCarthyism
- HUAC
- Hollywood 10
- McCarren Act
- Rosenbergs
- Alger Hiss
- Space Race
Kennedy[edit | edit source]
- Bay of Pigs Invasion
- Berlin Wall
- CIA activity under Kennedy
- Cuban Missile Crisis
- Domino Theory
- Bay of Pigs
- Hot-Line
- Robert F. Kennedy
- Limited Test Ban Treaty
- quarantine v. blockade
- Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
- Peace Corps
Vietnam War[edit | edit source]
- French involvement, 1954-1955
- US involvement, 1959-1973
Eisenhower period of Vietnam War[edit | edit source]
- Dien Bien Phu
Kennedy period of Vietnam War[edit | edit source]
- JFK
- Robert McNamara
- "Whiz Kids"
- “flexible response”
- advisors
- Camelot
- assassination
Johnson period of Vietnam War[edit | edit source]
- bombing campaigns
- escalation
- Gulf of Tonkin Incident (1964)
- Tet Offensive (1968)
- Walter Cronkite
- U.S. public opinion
- Vietnamization
- War Powers Acts
- Gulf of Tonkin
- Attrition
- Hearts and Minds
- Rolling Thunder
- My Lai Massacre
- Escalation
Nixon period of Vietnam War[edit | edit source]
- China
- Operation Linebacker II
- Christmas bombings
- "silent majority”
- Paris Peace Accords
- Bombing of Laos and Cambodia
- Paris Peace Accords
- opening of China
- Kissinger
- Pentagon Papers
- White House protests
Vietnam War protest movements[edit | edit source]
- draft, the
- hippies
- protests
- Kent State
- Jackson State
post-Nixon[edit | edit source]
- Fall of Saigon
- Cambodian genocide
- Pol Pot
post-WWII Domestic U.S[edit | edit source]
1950s culture[edit | edit source]
- baby boom
- "Fair Deal" (1945-49)
- suburbia
- rock'n'roll
- conformity
- Interstate Highway Act
Civil Rights[edit | edit source]
- “Little Rock Nine”
- Brown v. Board of Education
- civil disobedience
- Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Executive Order 9981
- Jackie Robinson
- Malcolm X
- March on Washington
- Martin Luther King, Jr.
- Montgomery bus boycott
- nonviolence
- Voting Rights Act of 1965
- George Wallace
Other Civil Rights and Political Movements[edit | edit source]
- American Indian Movement (AIM)
- Cesar Chavez
- Chicano Movement
- environmentalism
- Grapes Boycott
- Michael Harrington
- "Incorporation" Cases
- Roe v. Wade
- Silent Spring
- women’s liberation movement (NOW)
- Wounded Knee Incident
Johnson[edit | edit source]
- Great Society
- War on Poverty
1970s: Nixon, Ford & Carter[edit | edit source]
- Watergate
- pardoning of Nixon
- stagflation
- Afghanistan
- Olympic boycott
- Iranian hostage crisis
- OPEC
- oil embargo
- Camp David Accords
Reagan era[edit | edit source]
- Iran-Contra Affair
- John Stockton
- Reykjavík Summit
- Berlin speech
- Landslide
- Star Wars
- "Reagan Revolution”
- Reaganomics
- Supply-side economics
End of the Cold War[edit | edit source]
- George HW Bush
- Military spending cuts
- Gulf War
- Bill Clinton
- Peace Dividend
- NAFTA
- "end of history"
- service sector economy
- New Immigration
- Haiti
- Yugoslavia and Bosnia
- Rwanda
21st Century[edit | edit source]
War on Terror[edit | edit source]
- September 11th
- Al Queda
- Afghanistan War
- Iraq
- Patriot Act
Obama Administration[edit | edit source]
- Great Recession
- ISIS
- Affordable Care Act
- Obama Care
- DREAM Act
Third Party movements[edit | edit source]
- notes
- third parties represent political movements that the major parties do not accommodate
- or a split within them
- elections through to the 1830s had multiple candidates from the same party, so were not technically "third parties)
- or they were divided geographically and/or over a particular issue or political position
- third parties represent political movements that the major parties do not accommodate
| Party | Election | % of Popular Vote | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-Masonic Party | 1832 | 7.8% |
|
| Liberty Party | 1844 | 2.3% |
|
| Free Soil | 1848 | 10.1% |
|
| 1852 | 4.9% | ||
| Know Nothing (American Party) | 1856 | 21.6% |
|
| Four-way split | 1860 |
| |
| Liberal Republican | 1872 | 43.8% |
|
| Greenback Party | 1876 | 0.99% |
|
| 1880 | 3.35% | ||
| Prohibition Party | 1884 | 1.5% |
|
| 1888 | 2.2% | ||
| 1896 | .094% | ||
| 1900 | 1.51% | ||
| 1904 | 1.92% | ||
| 1912 | 1.38% | ||
| 1916 | 1.19% | ||
| Populist Party | 1892 | 8.5% |
|
| Socialist Party | 1904 | 2.98% |
|
| 1908 | 2.83% | ||
| 1912 | 6% | ||
| 1916 | 3.19% | ||
| 1920 | 3.41% | ||
| 1932 | 2.23% | ||
| Progressive Party | 1912 | 27% |
|
| Progressive | 1924 | 16.6% |
|
| Dixiecrat
Progressive |
1948 | 2.4%
2.4% |
|
| American Independent | 1968 | 13.5% |
|
| John Anderson (Independent candidate) | 1980 | 6.6% |
|
| Ross Pero (Independent candidate/ Reform Party) | 1992 | 18.9% |
|
| 1996 | 8.4% | ||
| Green Party | 2000 | 2.74% |
|
| Libertarian | 2016 | 3.28% |
|
| Robert F. Kennedy (independent candidate) | 2024 | ? |
|
Economic crises[edit | edit source]
| Mississippi Company | 1720 | French company had Royal grant for trading rights to French colonies in Americas
|
|
| Panic of 1792 | 1792 | Short-lived panic caused by sudden credit expansion following the formation of the Bank of the United States, which led to land speculation
|
|
| Land bubble 1796 | 1996 | Land speculation bubble that collapsed following specie payments suspension by the Bank of England, caused by a rush of bank withdrawals in England out of fear of a war with France
|
|
| Panic of 1819 | 1819-1821 | Finanical crisis sparked by land speculation bubble, excess paper money, and issuance of bank notes unbacked by gold by the Second Bank of the United States
|
|
| Panic of 1837 | 1837-1843 | Major depression in which prices, profits, wages, and financial activity was severely curtailed
|
|
| Panic of 1857 | 1857-1859 | National financial crisis sparked by British change in requirements for gold and silver reserves for paper money
|
|
| Crédit Mobilier scandal | 1864-1867 | A railoard company created by the Union Pacific Railroad to build the eastern portion of the transcontinental railroad inflated its costs by $44 million dollars and paid bribes to politicians for laws and regulatory ruilings in its favor
|
|
| Panic of 1873 | 1873-1877 |
|
|
| Panic of 1893 | 1893-1897 | Econoic depression that was sparked by the failure of an Argentine bank, Baring Brothers, which collapsed over crops price collapse,
|
Resources[edit | edit source]
Suffrage, voting, democracy[edit | edit source]
- American Democracy | National Museum of American History (si.edu)
- Winning the Vote: A History of Voting Rights | Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History