Logical fallacy: Difference between revisions
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*either-or fallacy | *either-or fallacy | ||
**incorrectly argues only two options or possibilities | **incorrectly argues only two options or possibilities | ||
*see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies | *weak analogy | ||
*see | |||
**https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies | |||
**Fallacies – The Writing Center • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (unc.edu) | |||
See also | See also | ||
Revision as of 01:13, 21 February 2023
Logical fallacies, or logical errors, are erroneous, illogical, or misleading arguments or claims
- erroneous = contains an error of fact or
- illogical = draws a conclusion not supported by premises
- misleading = deliberately constructed to deceive or mislead
See Social Studies skills: Logical and observational fallacies & paradoxes for list of logical and observational fallacies regarding the Social Sciences.
Logical fallacies and tricks[edit | edit source]
- ad hominem
- ad populum / bandwagon appeal
- begging the question
- broken leg fallacy
- presents a solution for a problem caused by that or a related solution
- i.e, break the leg, then offer to fix it
- circular argument
- restates the argument rather than proving it
- ex. "She's a great skater because she skates well"
- confusing credentials for evidence
- i.e., "98% of dentists recommend flossing"
- does not provide evidence for the benefits of flossing, just that supposed experts say so
- i.e., "98% of dentists recommend flossing"
- either/or
- fallacy of relevance
- false equivalence
- illogical comparison of dissimilar subjects
- i.e., comparing "apples to oranges"
- genetic fallacy
- fallacy that of the origins of something determine its value
- ex., the VW was designed by Hitler, and Hitler is evil, therefore the VW is evil
- hasty generalization
- ignoratio elenchi an argument that misses the point
- moral equivalence fallacy
- illogically compares things of distinct moral or ethical dimensions
- ex., "That politician who disagrees with me is a Nazi!"
- non sequitur
- " Humpty Dumptying" or "Humpty Dumptyisms":
- = an "arbitrary redefinition" like that used by Humpty Dumpty in "Alice in Wonderland"
- who tells Alice, "“When I use a word it means just what I choose it to mean—neither more nor less.”
- red herring
- strawman fallacy
- = the target of an argument (the "strawman") has nothing to do with the actual argument
- either-or fallacy
- incorrectly argues only two options or possibilities
- weak analogy
- see
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies
- Fallacies – The Writing Center • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (unc.edu)
See also