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AP US History vocabulary list: Difference between revisions
AP US History vocabulary list (view source)
Revision as of 20:39, 10 December 2024
, 10 December 2024→Judiciary/ Judicial terms
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<ul><li>{{#tip-text:12th Amendment| }}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:12th Amendment| }}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Bill of Rights| "BOR" was adopted at the insistence of the anti-federalists who demanded explicit limits upon the powers of the central ("federal") government in order to protect the rights of the people and the states. In September 1789, Congress proposed twelve amendments to the Constitution; ratified one article at a time by the states, with ten adopted in December, 1791. <u>NOTE</u>: the BOR does not establish any rights: instead, it protects pre-existing rights from encroachment by the federal government; its jurisdiction was only over federal powers and not those of the states; over time, the Supreme Court has "incorporated" (put into the body of) the BOR into state law}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Bill of Rights| "BOR" was adopted at the insistence of the anti-federalists who demanded explicit limits upon the powers of the central ("federal") government in order to protect the rights of the people and the states. In September 1789, Congress proposed twelve amendments to the Constitution; ratified one article at a time by the states, with ten adopted in December, 1791. <u>NOTE</u>: the BOR does not establish any rights: instead, it protects pre-existing rights from encroachment by the federal government; its jurisdiction was only over federal powers and not those of the states; over time, the Supreme Court has "incorporated" (put into the body of) the BOR into state law}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Hylton v. United States| 1796 Supremee Court deicsion that upheld the constitutionality of a federal carriage tax, thus affirming the federal government's power to impose excise taxes on economic activity or goods; the decision distinguished excise taxes from a "direct tax" which would require "apportionment" (dividing up) based on state populations.}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:judicial review| the judicial principal that the courts have the power to settled disputes, including over the meaning of laws and the Constitution; see Marbury v. Madison}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:judicial review| the judicial principal that the courts have the power to settled disputes, including over the meaning of laws and the Constitution; see Marbury v. Madison}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Judiciary Act of 1789| established the structure of the federal courts and, most importantly, gave the Supreme Court appellate power, or the to decide on cases arising in state courts or between states, thus ensuring the supremacy of the Supreme Court over state courts}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Judiciary Act of 1789| established the structure of the federal courts and, most importantly, gave the Supreme Court appellate power, or the to decide on cases arising in state courts or between states, thus ensuring the supremacy of the Supreme Court over state courts}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Ware v. Hylton| 1796 Supreme Court decision that upheld the supremacy of federal treaties over state laws }}</ul></li> | |||
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