Geography vocabulary: Difference between revisions

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'''Geography Vocabulary'''
'''Geography Vocabulary'''
* code for EXPAND/COLLAPSE functions:
code:
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%">
text
</div>
* Click EXPAND to see list of important >>


== Five Themes of Geography==
== Five Themes of Geography==
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* Movement
* Movement
* Human-Environment Interaction (Relationships within Places)
* Human-Environment Interaction (Relationships within Places)
** Cultural Diffusion
* See [Social Studies Skills]


== Map terminology ==
== Map terminology ==
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== Water bodies ==
== Water bodies ==
code:
 
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%">
text
</div>
* Click EXPAND to see list of important >>
=== bay ===
=== bay ===
=== canal ===
=== canal ===
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** "headland" is a "coastal landform," usually with a high point and cliffs  
** "headland" is a "coastal landform," usually with a high point and cliffs  
** "promontory" is a raised land body that extends into lower land or water
** "promontory" is a raised land body that extends into lower land or water
*** promontories are often used a defensive positions for forts and castles
*** promontories are often used a defensive positions for forts, castles and defensive positions
*** a promontory in water is a peninsula
*** a promontory in water is a peninsula
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%">
* '''Cape Canaveral''' - Florida
* '''Cape Canaveral''' - Florida
* '''Cape Cod''' - Massachusetts  
* '''Cape Cod''' - Massachusetts  
* '''Cape Discord''' - Greenland
* '''Cape of Good Hope''' - South Africa
* '''Cape of Good Hope''' - South Africa
* '''Cape Discord''' - Greenland
* '''Cape Horn''' - Chile
** southernmost headland, or tip of land, on Hornos Island, one of the Hermite Islands, the southernmost of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago at the southern tip of South America
** northern boundary of the Drake Passage
* '''Cape Kidnappers''' - New Zealand
* '''Cape Three Forks''' - Morocco
* '''Cape Three Forks''' - Morocco
* '''Cape Kidnappers - New Zealand
* ''' Cape Vert''' - Senegal; the westernmost point of Africa
* '''Cape Horn''' - Chile (northern boundary of the Drake Passage)
</div>
* '''Cape Verde''' -- verte? - Senegal
** southernmost headland, or tip of land, on Hornos Island, one of the Hermite Islands, the southernmost of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago at the southern tip of South America
Click EXPAND for a list of important capes
Click EXPAND for a list of important capes
* See [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_(geography)#List_of_some_well-known_capes List of Well Known Capes (wiki)]]
* See [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_(geography)#List_of_some_well-known_capes List of Well Known Capes (wiki)]]
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=== continent ===
=== continent ===
=== island ===
=== island ===
* archipelago
=== archipelago ===
* a series of geographically proximate or geologically similarly island, usually formed in a chain or a cluster
=== isthmus ===
=== isthmus ===
=== land-bridge ===
=== land-bridge ===
=== peninsula ===
=== peninsula ===


== World Oceanic Regions ==
== Major world regions per continent ==
 
=== Americas ===
* North America
* Central America
* South America
* Caribbean
=== Asia ===
* West Asia
* East Asia
* South Asia
* Southeastern Asia
 
=== Africa ===
* East Africa
* North Africa
* West Africa
* Sub-Saharan Africa
* South Africa
=== Australia ===
=== Europe ===
* Eastern Europe
* Western Europe
* Scandinavia
=== Other major regions terminology ===
* Eurasia
* Mediterranean
*
 
 
== World oceanic regions ==
* Mediterranean
* Mediterranean
* Arabian Sea
* Arabian Sea
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* China Sea
* China Sea
* North Sea
* North Sea
* Macaronesia (Atlantic)


=== Oceania ===
=== Oceania ===
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* Australasia
* Australasia
* Melanesia
* Melanesia
**
* Micronesia
* Micronesia
* Polynesia
* Polynesia
**
* List of independent nations of Oceania:
=== Independent nations of Oceana ===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%">
* Australia
* East Timor
* Federated States of Micronesia
* Fiji
* Fiji
* Indonesia
** Only Papua, or Indonesian New Guinea is part of Oceania, whereas the rest of Indonesia is located in Southeast Asia
* Kiribati
* Marshall Islands
* Nauru
* New Zealand
* Palau
* Papua New Guinea
* Samoa
* Solomon Islands
* Tonga
* Tuvalu
* Tuvalu
* Nauru
* Vanuatu
* Federated States of Micronesia
* Also:
** Cook Islands and Niue are "associated states" with New Zealand
</div>
* Click EXPAND to see list of independent nations of Oceana
* See [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Oceania List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania (wiki)]]
 
=== Macaronesia ===
* island region in Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Portugal and West Africa
** volcanic islands
* Macaronesia consists of:
* Azores islands
** Portuguese territories
* Canary Islands
** Portuguese territories
* Madeira islands
** Spanish territories
* '''Cape Verde'''
** officially "Republic of Cabo Verde"
*** it won independence from Portugal in 1975
*** a democratic republic
** named for Cape Vert in Senegal, which is directly east of Cape Verde
** consists of 10 volcanic islands
 


=== Fun Facts ==-
=== Fun Facts ==-

Revision as of 00:41, 11 March 2021

Geography Vocabulary

  • code for EXPAND/COLLAPSE functions:

code:

text

  • Click EXPAND to see list of important >>

Five Themes of Geography[edit | edit source]

  • Location
    • Absolute Location
    • Relative Location
  • Regions
  • Place
  • Movement
  • Human-Environment Interaction (Relationships within Places)
    • Cultural Diffusion
  • See [Social Studies Skills]

Map terminology[edit | edit source]

  • Latitude
  • Longitude
  • Equator
  • Prime Meridian
  • International Dateline
  • Meridians
  • Parallels
  • a.m. / p.m.
  • equinox
  • solstice
  • Tropic of Cancer
  • Tropic of Capricorn

Water bodies[edit | edit source]

bay[edit | edit source]

canal[edit | edit source]

  • man-made straits that connect two larger bodies of water
  • canals provide important water passage to connect water bodies that would otherwise require long-distance water travel around land bodies or continents
  • Bahr Yussef
    • connects the Nile to the Faiyum Oasis and Lake Moeris, built 2300 BC
  • Canal of the Pharaohs
    • connected the Nile to the Red Sea
    • built by Necho II, Assyrian ruler of Egypt in 7th century BC
    • Persian king Darius I bragged of building a canal linking the Nile to the Red Sea (6th century BC)
  • Corinth Canal
  • Grand Canal
    • connected the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers, built under the Sui dynasty (6th century AD)
  • Suez Canal
  • Panama Canal
  • Click EXPAND to see list of important canals

channel[edit | edit source]

  • synonymous with "strait" but usually referring to a smaller or less important strait
  • see strait below

delta[edit | edit source]

lake[edit | edit source]

ocean[edit | edit source]

sea[edit | edit source]

strait[edit | edit source]

  • a narrow body of water that connects larger bodies of water, or, a narrow channel that separates land masses
  • synonymous with channel, passage, or pass
    • implicit in the terminology is that the strait allows for navigation, or passage, from one larger body of water to another
  • "strait comes from Old French "estreit" for "tight" or "narrow"
  • important straits and channels
  • Bosporus Strait
    • connects Black Sea to Aegean/Mediterranean Seas
  • Strait of Gibraltar
    • connects Mediterranean Sea to Atlantic Ocean
    • ancient Greeks called the promontories on either side of the Strait of Gibraltar the "Pillars of Hercules", which marked the passage from the Mediterranean Sea into the Atlantic Ocean
  • Strait of Magellan
    • connects Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
    • the passageway near the southern tip of South America that was navigated by the explorer Ferdinand Magellan, who led the first expedition to circumnavigated the globe
    • the Strait of Magellan is not "straight" -- is actually a U-shaped pathway formed by the Tierra del Fuego archipelago (chain of islands)
  • Beagle Channel
    • a second, less navigable passageway near the southern tip of South America that was navigated by Charles Darwin on the HMS Beagle
    • NOTE: the open-ocean passageway, around the very tip of South America is called "Drake's Passage", named for English explorer Francis Drake who circumnavigated the globe
  • Strait of Hormuz
  • Bering Strait
  • Strait of Messina
  • Bab-el Mendeb Strait
  • Strait of Malacca
  • Strait of Dover
  • Click EXPAND to see list of important straits

river[edit | edit source]

stream[edit | edit source]

Land forms[edit | edit source]

Cape[edit | edit source]

  • a "headland", "promontory" or large body of land that extends into a larger water body, usually an ocean or a sea
    • "headland" is a "coastal landform," usually with a high point and cliffs
    • "promontory" is a raised land body that extends into lower land or water
      • promontories are often used a defensive positions for forts, castles and defensive positions
      • a promontory in water is a peninsula
  • Cape Canaveral - Florida
  • Cape Cod - Massachusetts
  • Cape Discord - Greenland
  • Cape of Good Hope - South Africa
  • Cape Horn - Chile
    • southernmost headland, or tip of land, on Hornos Island, one of the Hermite Islands, the southernmost of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago at the southern tip of South America
    • northern boundary of the Drake Passage
  • Cape Kidnappers - New Zealand
  • Cape Three Forks - Morocco
  • Cape Vert - Senegal; the westernmost point of Africa

Click EXPAND for a list of important capes

[edit | edit source]

[edit | edit source]

continent[edit | edit source]

island[edit | edit source]

archipelago[edit | edit source]

  • a series of geographically proximate or geologically similarly island, usually formed in a chain or a cluster

isthmus[edit | edit source]

land-bridge[edit | edit source]

peninsula[edit | edit source]

Major world regions per continent[edit | edit source]

Americas[edit | edit source]

  • North America
  • Central America
  • South America
  • Caribbean

Asia[edit | edit source]

  • West Asia
  • East Asia
  • South Asia
  • Southeastern Asia

Africa[edit | edit source]

  • East Africa
  • North Africa
  • West Africa
  • Sub-Saharan Africa
  • South Africa

Australia[edit | edit source]

Europe[edit | edit source]

  • Eastern Europe
  • Western Europe
  • Scandinavia

Other major regions terminology[edit | edit source]

  • Eurasia
  • Mediterranean


World oceanic regions[edit | edit source]

  • Mediterranean
  • Arabian Sea
  • Indian Ocean
  • Atlantic Ocean
  • Pacific Ocean
  • Gulf of Mexico
  • Caribbean Sea
  • China Sea
  • North Sea
  • Macaronesia (Atlantic)

Oceania[edit | edit source]

Oceania UN Geoscheme Regions
  • Oceania
    • Pacific region in general, divided into
  • Australasia
  • Melanesia
  • Micronesia
  • Polynesia
  • List of independent nations of Oceania:
  • Australia
  • East Timor
  • Federated States of Micronesia
  • Fiji
  • Indonesia
    • Only Papua, or Indonesian New Guinea is part of Oceania, whereas the rest of Indonesia is located in Southeast Asia
  • Kiribati
  • Marshall Islands
  • Nauru
  • New Zealand
  • Palau
  • Papua New Guinea
  • Samoa
  • Solomon Islands
  • Tonga
  • Tuvalu
  • Vanuatu
  • Also:
    • Cook Islands and Niue are "associated states" with New Zealand

Macaronesia[edit | edit source]

  • island region in Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Portugal and West Africa
    • volcanic islands
  • Macaronesia consists of:
  • Azores islands
    • Portuguese territories
  • Canary Islands
    • Portuguese territories
  • Madeira islands
    • Spanish territories
  • Cape Verde
    • officially "Republic of Cabo Verde"
      • it won independence from Portugal in 1975
      • a democratic republic
    • named for Cape Vert in Senegal, which is directly east of Cape Verde
    • consists of 10 volcanic islands


=== Fun Facts ==-

  • Pitcaren Islands in Polynesia, are the leasts populated political entity (67 residents)
    • Vatican City, for example, has 825 residents

Climate[edit | edit source]

Climate Zones[edit | edit source]

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