Participle phrase & infinitive phrase: Difference between revisions
(Created page with "Sentence * a grammatically complete thought ** grammatically complete = contains a finite verb (subject-verb) ** logically complete = does not need more information to complete the thought == Finite Verb == {| class="wikitable" |+ ! !Subject !Verb !Complements ! |- |Sentence |Student |reads |a textbook | |- |Phrase | |Reading |a textbook | |- | | | | | |} Finite verb is a verb that has a subject * if the verb has no subject, then it is "non-finite" * non-finite verbs...") |
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** logically complete = does not need more information to complete the thought | ** logically complete = does not need more information to complete the thought | ||
== Finite | == Finite and Non-Finite Verbs & their complements== | ||
=== Examples of participle phrase placement === | |||
* participle = the ''-ing'' or ''-ed'' forms of a verb | |||
** participles may serve as finite (take a subject) or non-finite (no subject) | |||
** '''finite''' forms of participles are | |||
*** ''-ing'' present participle = present continuous tense | |||
**** ''It is snowing'''; ''They are playing'' | |||
*** ''-ed'' past participle = simple past tense | |||
**** ''It snowed'''; ''They played'' | |||
** '''non-finite''' forms of participles are | |||
*** ''-ing'' present participle adjective | |||
**** ''Snowing all day, the car was buried'''; ''The boys playing around got in trouble'' | |||
*** ''-ing'' "gerund" (present participle noun) | |||
**** ''Snowing out makes me happy''; ''Playing in the show is fun'' | |||
*** ''-ed'' past participle adjective | |||
**** ''The snowed in car was stuck'''; ''The team played '' | |||
* '''participle phrase''' | |||
** a participle phrase is two or more words that have a non-finite verb (i.e., no subject) | |||
** (note: if a finite verb is present (subject-verb), it is a clause) | |||
*** participle phrases add information to another word or clause | |||
*** ex.>: | |||
**** present participle phrase: ''Playing hard, they lost anyway'' | |||
**** past participle phrase: ''Played poorly, they lost the game'' | |||
==== Participle phrase example 1 ==== | |||
* Sentence: | |||
''Students read the textbook studying for the test'' | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(Students)-->V(read)--->C(the textbook)-->NFV(studying)-->C2(for the test) | |||
}} | |||
* Grammatical forms: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(subject)-->V(finite verb)-->C(complement)-->NFV(non-finite verb)-->C2(complement) | |||
}} | |||
* Parts of speech: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S( noun )-->V(verb)--->C(noun)--->NFV(participle<br>adjective)-->C2(prepositional phrase) | |||
}} | |||
==== Participle phrase example 2 ==== | |||
* Sentence: | |||
''Studying for the test, students read the textbook'' | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
NFV(Studying)--->C2(for the test)--->S(students)-->V(read)-->C(the textbook) | |||
}} | |||
* Grammatical forms: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
NFV(non-finite verb)-->C2(complement)--->S(subject)-->V(finite verb)-->C(complement) | |||
}} | |||
* Parts of speech: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
NFV(participle<br>adjective)-->C2(prepositional phrase)-->S(noun)-->V(finite verb)--->C(noun) | |||
}} | |||
==== Participle phrase example 3 ==== | |||
* Sentence: | |||
''Students studying for the test read the textbook'' | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(Students)-->NFV(studying)--->C2(for the test)-->V(read)-->C(the textbook) | |||
}} | |||
* Grammatical forms: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(subject)-->NFV(non-finite verb)-->C2(complement)-->V(finite verb)-->C(complement) | |||
}} | |||
* Parts of speech: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S( noun )-->NFV(participle<br>adjective)-->C2(prepositional phrase)-->V(verb)--->C(object) | |||
}} | |||
C-->NFV(Non-Finite Verb)-->C2(Complement)-->S2(Subject)-->V2(Finite Verb)-->C3(Complement) | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+ | |+ |
Revision as of 20:59, 11 June 2024
Sentence
- a grammatically complete thought
- grammatically complete = contains a finite verb (subject-verb)
- logically complete = does not need more information to complete the thought
Finite and Non-Finite Verbs & their complements[edit | edit source]
Examples of participle phrase placement[edit | edit source]
- participle = the -ing or -ed forms of a verb
- participles may serve as finite (take a subject) or non-finite (no subject)
- finite forms of participles are
- -ing present participle = present continuous tense
- It is snowing'; They are playing
- -ed past participle = simple past tense
- It snowed'; They played
- -ing present participle = present continuous tense
- non-finite forms of participles are
- -ing present participle adjective
- Snowing all day, the car was buried'; The boys playing around got in trouble
- -ing "gerund" (present participle noun)
- Snowing out makes me happy; Playing in the show is fun
- -ed past participle adjective
- The snowed in car was stuck'; The team played
- -ing present participle adjective
- participle phrase
- a participle phrase is two or more words that have a non-finite verb (i.e., no subject)
- (note: if a finite verb is present (subject-verb), it is a clause)
- participle phrases add information to another word or clause
- ex.>:
- present participle phrase: Playing hard, they lost anyway
- past participle phrase: Played poorly, they lost the game
Participle phrase example 1[edit | edit source]
- Sentence:
Students read the textbook studying for the test
- Grammatical forms:
- Parts of speech:
Participle phrase example 2[edit | edit source]
- Sentence:
Studying for the test, students read the textbook
- Grammatical forms:
- Parts of speech:
Participle phrase example 3[edit | edit source]
- Sentence:
Students studying for the test read the textbook
- Grammatical forms:
- Parts of speech:
C-->NFV(Non-Finite Verb)-->C2(Complement)-->S2(Subject)-->V2(Finite Verb)-->C3(Complement)
Subject | Verb | Complements | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sentence | Student | reads | a textbook | |
Phrase | Reading | a textbook | ||
Finite verb is a verb that has a subject
- if the verb has no subject, then it is "non-finite"
- non-finite verbs act as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs
- while they do not have a subject
- they may have complements
- adverbs
- objects
- prepositional phrases
- they may have complements
- while they do not have a subject