AP World History: Modern time line: Difference between revisions

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!Place/Empire
!Place/Empire
!Region
!Region
!Theme
!Place
!Theme 1
!Theme 2
!Theme 2
!Main Ideas/ Notes
!Main Ideas/ Notes
Line 14: Line 15:
|-
|-
| '''Units 1-2, 1200 to 1450'''
| '''Units 1-2, 1200 to 1450'''
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Line 26: Line 28:
* 3rd caliphate
* 3rd caliphate
* capital Baghdad
* capital Baghdad
|Mideast
|West Asia & North Africa
|MidEast
|religion
|religion
|Islam
|Islam
|Dar al-Islam, Pax Islamica
|
* Dar al-Islam, Pax Islamica
* by end of 9th century, was a fragmented empire with centrally-ruled and allied, autonomous rulers
* Baghdad remained the "ritualized court" for Sunni Islam in opposition to Shia Islam
* subjected to Persian, Seljuk & other Turkic invasions
* final collapse from Mongol invasion
|[[File:Regions of the Lands of Islam by al-Muqaddasi.jpg|320 px|The lands and cities of the Dar al-Islam in the 10th century, according to the geographer al-Muqaddasi]]
|[[File:Regions of the Lands of Islam by al-Muqaddasi.jpg|320 px|The lands and cities of the Dar al-Islam in the 10th century, according to the geographer al-Muqaddasi]]
|-
|-
Line 35: Line 43:
| Song Dynasty
| Song Dynasty
|China
|China
|
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Line 43: Line 52:
|Crusades
|Crusades
|Europe
|Europe
|
|religion
|religion
|
|
Line 50: Line 60:
|1173-1206
|1173-1206
|Ghurid dynasty
|Ghurid dynasty
* Persian Tajiks who converted to Islam and  
* Persian Tajiks who converted to Islam and introduced it to northern India
introduced it to northern India
 
* established Islamic capital at the ancient city, Dehli, India
* established Islamic capital at the ancient city, Dehli, India  
|South Asia
|South Asia
|
|cultural diffusion
|cultural diffusion
|
|Islam
|
|
* transferred Persian culture to northern India, including literature and architecture
* transferred Persian culture to northern India, including literature and architecture
Line 64: Line 75:
|-
|-
| 1206-1526
| 1206-1526
|Delhi Sultanate, northern India
|Delhi Sultanate
* established by a Ghurid general, a Turkish slave who became a military leader (a "'''Mamluk'''" = non-Arab slave given military and administrative duties)
* series of Muslim dynasties that ruled south Asia
* Mamluk Dynasty (1206-1290)
* started as Turkic rule but transformed into Indo-Muslim rule
* oversaw migration wave of West Asian Muslims fleeing Mongol invasions
* established Islamic culture in India
|South Asia
|South Asia
|
|cultural diffusion
|cultural diffusion
|Islam
|Islam
|
|
* Muslim rulers tolerated but looked down upon local religions
* established by a Ghurid general, a Turkish slave who became a military leader (a "'''Mamluk'''" = non-Arab slave given military and administrative duties)
* they were more concerned with administration, prestige and wealth than with religious suppression
* at peak controlled most of the subcontinent but rule was reduced to 14th century Hindu reconquests
* 1526 = Mughal conquest
|
|
*
*
*  
* Mamluk Dynasty (1206-1290)
* Muslim rulers tolerated but looked down upon local religions
* concerned with administration, prestige and wealth more than with religious suppression, although the Sultanate conquest included destruction of Hindu and Buddhist temples and libraries, as well as sacking, massacre and sometimes total destruction
* the Delhi Sultanate oversaw migration wave of West Asian Muslims fleeing Mongol invasions and spread of Islam, especially at the expense Buddhist culture in Bengal (eastern portion of subcontinent)
* was one of the few Eurasian powers to repel Mongol invasions
|-
|-
|1206-1277  
|1206-1277  
|Genghis Khan  
|Genghis Khan  
|Asia
|Asia
|Mongolia
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Line 89: Line 107:
|Magna Carta  
|Magna Carta  
|Europe
|Europe
|England
|
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Line 96: Line 115:
| 1258  
| 1258  
|Mongols take Baghdad| Abbasid Caliphate ends
|Mongols take Baghdad| Abbasid Caliphate ends
|West Asia
|
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* Mongol army conquered Bagdhad and killed the rule, officially ending the Abbasid Caliphate
|
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|-
|-
|1271-1285  
|1271-1285  
|Mongol invasion of Japan fails
|Mongol invasion of Japan fails
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Line 112: Line 134:
| 1260
| 1260
|Mongol Empire divided into 4 khanates
|Mongol Empire divided into 4 khanates
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Line 120: Line 143:
| 1271-1295  
| 1271-1295  
|Marco Polo's travels
|Marco Polo's travels
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Line 128: Line 152:
| 1260-1350
| 1260-1350
|Pax Mongolia
|Pax Mongolia
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Line 136: Line 161:
|1279
|1279
|peak of Mongol Empire
|peak of Mongol Empire
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Line 144: Line 170:
| 1279-1368  
| 1279-1368  
|Yuan Dynasty in China (Mongol rule)
|Yuan Dynasty in China (Mongol rule)
|
|
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Line 153: Line 180:
|introduction of water-powered paper-mill "
|introduction of water-powered paper-mill "
|China
|China
|
|technology
|technology
|
|
Line 160: Line 188:
| 1299-1923  
| 1299-1923  
|Ottoman Empire
|Ottoman Empire
|
|
|
|
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Line 168: Line 197:
| 1400-1600
| 1400-1600
|Italian Renaissance
|Italian Renaissance
|
|
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Line 176: Line 206:
| 1324  
| 1324  
|Mansa Musa pilgrimage to Mecca
|Mansa Musa pilgrimage to Mecca
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Line 184: Line 215:
| 1325  
| 1325  
|Tenochitlan founded
|Tenochitlan founded
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Line 192: Line 224:
| 1325-1354  
| 1325-1354  
|Ibn Battuta's travels
|Ibn Battuta's travels
|
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Line 198: Line 231:
|
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|-
|-
|1336-
|1336-1646
|Vijayanagara Empire
|Vijayanagara Empire
|India
|India
|empire
|
|cultural diffusion
|religion
|religion
|Hindu empire, stopped Islamic spread to southern India by defeating the Deccan sultanates
|
|
* Hindu empire in southern subcontinent
* stopped Islamic spread to southern India by defeating the Deccan sultanates
|
* Vijayanagara, the capital city, was famed for wealth and learning
* in 1500 was the 2nd largest city in the word (after Beijing) w/ c. 500,000
* became a source of fascination to Europeans in 15th-16th centuries
* the capital was sacked in 1565 by the Muslim Deccan sultanates and abandoned
|-
|-
| 1346  
| 1346  
|Black Death in China
|Black Death in China
|
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Line 216: Line 257:
| 1347-1388  
| 1347-1388  
|Black Death in Europe
|Black Death in Europe
|
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Line 224: Line 266:
| 1351-1368  
| 1351-1368  
|Red Turban Rebellion
|Red Turban Rebellion
|
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|
|
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Line 233: Line 276:
|gunpower perfected in Germany; first European cannon
|gunpower perfected in Germany; first European cannon
|Europe
|Europe
|China
|technology
|technology
|cultural diffusion
|with improved metalworking, increased firing range and durability over early Chinese and Middle Eastern guns
|
|
|with improved metalworking, increased firing range and durability over early Chinese and Middle Eastern guns
* invented in 9th century in China, called "fire medicine"
|having originated in China, European gunpowder was brought there by the Portuguese in the 15th century
* had limited use under Song Dynasty as "incendiary projectiles" but not adapted for common military use and not for cannon or guns
* Medieval Islam acquired recipes which included saltpeter, which they called "Chinese snow"; having already employed naptha (petroleum-based) as an incendiary
* Mongol warfare included use of gunpowder, especially in conquest of China, and possibly in attacks on Europe, where it was likely introduced
* see Gunpowder empires for Islamic empires that made extensive use of muskets and cannon
* Europeans applied it to small arms and cannon, and it was instrumental in bringing an end to calvary supremacy of European knights (see the [https://school4schools.com/wiki/index.php?title=US_History_timeline_%26_concept_chart:_16th-18th_centuries_(to_1754)_British-American_colonies#Thirty_Years_War.2C_1618-1648 Thirty Years War])
* European gunpowder was brought to China by the Portuguese in the 15th century
|-
|-
| 1368-1644  
| 1368-1644  
|Ming Dynasty
|Ming Dynasty
|
|
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Line 248: Line 300:
| 1405-1433  
| 1405-1433  
|Zheng He's treasure voyages
|Zheng He's treasure voyages
|
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|
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Line 256: Line 309:
| 1428-1521  
| 1428-1521  
|Aztec Empire
|Aztec Empire
|
|
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|
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Line 264: Line 318:
| 1438-1533  
| 1438-1533  
|Inca Empire
|Inca Empire
|
|
|
|
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Line 272: Line 327:
| 1440  
| 1440  
|Swahili city-states
|Swahili city-states
|
|
|
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Line 280: Line 336:
| 1440  
| 1440  
|Guteneberg invents printing press  
|Guteneberg invents printing press  
|
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Line 288: Line 345:
| 1400s  
| 1400s  
|Portuguese caravel developed
|Portuguese caravel developed
|
|
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Line 296: Line 354:
| 1441  
| 1441  
|Atlantic slave trade in Atlantic islands
|Atlantic slave trade in Atlantic islands
|
|
|
|
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Line 302: Line 361:
|
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|-
|-
| Units 3-4, 1450-1750
| '''Units 3-4, 1450-1750'''
|
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Line 313: Line 373:
|Ottoman conquest of Constantinople & collapse of Byzantine empire
|Ottoman conquest of Constantinople & collapse of Byzantine empire
|Europe
|Europe
|
|empire
|empire
|
|
Line 323: Line 384:
* Islamic empires built / expanded on use of gunpowder, especially muskets and cannon
* Islamic empires built / expanded on use of gunpowder, especially muskets and cannon
* Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal empires
* Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal empires
|West & South Asia
|South Asia
|West Asia
|technology
|technology
|economy
|economy
|created stable economies
|
* used gunpowder in guns and cannon to great effect over existing technologies and strategies (broke walls, reduced effectiveness of war elephants, etc.)
* Gunpowder empires created stable economies and administrative states
* engaged in cultural patronage (cosmopolitan)
|[[File:Islamic Gunpowder Empires.jpg|thumb|Islamic Gunpowder Empires|alt=Islamic Gunpowder Empires.jpg]]
|[[File:Islamic Gunpowder Empires.jpg|thumb|Islamic Gunpowder Empires|alt=Islamic Gunpowder Empires.jpg]]
|-
|-
| 1450s-1480s  
| 1450s-1480s  
|Russia overthrows Mongol rule in Moscow
|Russia overthrows Mongol rule in Moscow
|
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Line 339: Line 405:
| 1464-1591  
| 1464-1591  
|Songhai Empire
|Songhai Empire
|
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Line 347: Line 414:
| 1469  
| 1469  
|Sikhism begins
|Sikhism begins
|
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Line 355: Line 423:
| 1492
| 1492
|Reconquista of Spain completed
|Reconquista of Spain completed
|
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Line 363: Line 432:
| 1492  
| 1492  
|Columbus's 1st voyage to Americas
|Columbus's 1st voyage to Americas
|
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Line 371: Line 441:
| 1498  
| 1498  
|Vasco da Gama reaches India
|Vasco da Gama reaches India
|
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|
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Line 379: Line 450:
| 1501-1722  
| 1501-1722  
|Safavid Empire
|Safavid Empire
|
|
|
|
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Line 387: Line 459:
| 1534  
| 1534  
|African slaves trade to Americas starts
|African slaves trade to Americas starts
|
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Line 395: Line 468:
| 1509-1543
| 1509-1543
|Nzinga Mbemba (Afonso I) rules Kongo Empire
|Nzinga Mbemba (Afonso I) rules Kongo Empire
|
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Line 403: Line 477:
| 1517  
| 1517  
|Martin Luther's 95 Theses
|Martin Luther's 95 Theses
|
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Line 411: Line 486:
| 1519-1521  
| 1519-1521  
|Magellan voyage around the world
|Magellan voyage around the world
|
|
|
|
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Line 426: Line 502:
* fell to Maratha Empire (confederacy of Hindu states)
* fell to Maratha Empire (confederacy of Hindu states)
|South Asia
|South Asia
|
|India
|India
|religion
|religion
Line 435: Line 512:
| 1534  
| 1534  
|France claims St. Lawrence riverway (Quebec colony)
|France claims St. Lawrence riverway (Quebec colony)
|
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Line 443: Line 521:
| 1543  
| 1543  
|Copernicus / heliocentric universe
|Copernicus / heliocentric universe
|
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Line 451: Line 530:
| 1545  
| 1545  
|Potosi mine opened in Bolivia
|Potosi mine opened in Bolivia
|
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Line 459: Line 539:
| 1550-1700  
| 1550-1700  
|Scientific Revolution
|Scientific Revolution
|
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Line 467: Line 548:
| 1552  
| 1552  
|Russian Empire begins
|Russian Empire begins
|
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Line 475: Line 557:
| 1556-1605  
| 1556-1605  
|Akbar the Great of the Mughal Empire
|Akbar the Great of the Mughal Empire
|
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Line 483: Line 566:
| 1571  
| 1571  
|Manila founded by Spanish
|Manila founded by Spanish
|
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Line 491: Line 575:
| 1595  
| 1595  
|Dutch "Fluyt" cargo ship introduced
|Dutch "Fluyt" cargo ship introduced
|
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Line 499: Line 584:
| 1600  
| 1600  
|British East India Company founded
|British East India Company founded
|
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Line 507: Line 593:
| 1600-1826  
| 1600-1826  
|Tokugawa shogunate
|Tokugawa shogunate
|
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Line 515: Line 602:
| 1602  
| 1602  
|Dutch East India Company founded
|Dutch East India Company founded
|
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Line 523: Line 611:
| 1607  
| 1607  
|Britain begins colonizing the Americas with Jamestown
|Britain begins colonizing the Americas with Jamestown
|
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Line 531: Line 620:
| 1623-1641  
| 1623-1641  
|Tokugawa Iemitsu rules Japan
|Tokugawa Iemitsu rules Japan
|
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Line 539: Line 629:
| 1632  
| 1632  
|Taj Mahal built
|Taj Mahal built
|
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Line 547: Line 638:
| 1643-1715  
| 1643-1715  
|Louis XIV rules France
|Louis XIV rules France
|
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Line 557: Line 649:
|
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|-
|1674-1818
|Maratha Empire or Confederacy
|South Asia
|
|India
|
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|-
|-
| 1687  
| 1687
|Newton publishes Principia
|Newton publishes Principia
|
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Line 569: Line 672:
|
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|-
|-
| 1688-1911/12  
| 1688-1911/12
|Qing (Manchu) Empire
|Qing (Manchu) Empire
|
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Line 581: Line 685:
| 1689  
| 1689  
|Glorious Revolution in England
|Glorious Revolution in England
|
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Line 589: Line 694:
| 1698  
| 1698  
|Early steam engine invented
|Early steam engine invented
|
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Line 598: Line 704:
|-
|-
| Units 5-6, 1750 to 1900
| Units 5-6, 1750 to 1900
|
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Line 607: Line 714:
| 1756-1763  
| 1756-1763  
|Seven Years' War
|Seven Years' War
|
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Line 615: Line 723:
| 1757  
| 1757  
|Battle of Plassey in India
|Battle of Plassey in India
|
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Line 623: Line 732:
| 1760-1789  
| 1760-1789  
|First Industrial Revolution
|First Industrial Revolution
|
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Line 631: Line 741:
|1765-1783  
|1765-1783  
|American Revolution
|American Revolution
|
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Line 639: Line 750:
|1776  
|1776  
|Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith published
|Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith published
|
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Line 647: Line 759:
|1776  
|1776  
|Declaration of Independence  
|Declaration of Independence  
|
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Line 655: Line 768:
| 1789-1795  
| 1789-1795  
|French Revolution
|French Revolution
|
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Line 663: Line 777:
| 1791-1804  
| 1791-1804  
|Haitian Revolution
|Haitian Revolution
|
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Line 671: Line 786:
| 1792  
| 1792  
|Mary Wollstonecraft' "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman"
|Mary Wollstonecraft' "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman"
|
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Line 679: Line 795:
| 1793  
| 1793  
|Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin
|Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin
|
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Line 687: Line 804:
| 1799-1815  
| 1799-1815  
|Napoleonic period
|Napoleonic period
|
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Line 695: Line 813:
| 1806-1826  
| 1806-1826  
|Latin American revolutions/ Bolivar
|Latin American revolutions/ Bolivar
|
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Line 703: Line 822:
| 1815  
| 1815  
|Congress of Vienna
|Congress of Vienna
|
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Line 711: Line 831:
| 1839-1860  
| 1839-1860  
|Opium Wars
|Opium Wars
|
|
|
|
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Line 719: Line 840:
| 1839-1876  
| 1839-1876  
|Ottoman Tanzimat reforms
|Ottoman Tanzimat reforms
|
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|
|
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Line 727: Line 849:
| 1845-1849  
| 1845-1849  
|Irish potato famine
|Irish potato famine
|
|
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|
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Line 735: Line 858:
| 1848  
| 1848  
|Communist Manifesto published
|Communist Manifesto published
|
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|
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Line 743: Line 867:
| 1848  
| 1848  
|Seneca Falls Convention
|Seneca Falls Convention
|
|
|
|
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Line 751: Line 876:
| 1850-1864  
| 1850-1864  
|Taiping Rebellion
|Taiping Rebellion
|
|
|
|
|
Line 759: Line 885:
| 1854  
| 1854  
|Commodore Perry opens Japan
|Commodore Perry opens Japan
|
|
|
|
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Line 767: Line 894:
| 1857  
| 1857  
|Sepoy Rebellion
|Sepoy Rebellion
|
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|
|
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Line 775: Line 903:
| 1859-1869  
| 1859-1869  
|Suez Canal built
|Suez Canal built
|
|
|
|
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Line 783: Line 912:
| 1861  
| 1861  
|emancipation of Russian serfs
|emancipation of Russian serfs
|
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|
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Line 791: Line 921:
| 1863  
| 1863  
|Emancipation Proclamation in U.S.
|Emancipation Proclamation in U.S.
|
|
|
|
|
Line 799: Line 930:
| 1865-1909  
| 1865-1909  
|King Leopold rule of Congo
|King Leopold rule of Congo
|
|
|
|
|
Line 807: Line 939:
| 1868  
| 1868  
|Meiji Restoration in Japan
|Meiji Restoration in Japan
|
|
|
|
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Line 815: Line 948:
| 1870-1914  
| 1870-1914  
|Second Industrial Revolution
|Second Industrial Revolution
|
|
|
|
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Line 823: Line 957:
| 1871  
| 1871  
|Germany unified under Otto von Bismarck
|Germany unified under Otto von Bismarck
|
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|
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Line 831: Line 966:
| 1885  
| 1885  
|Berlin Conference & the "scramble for Africa  
|Berlin Conference & the "scramble for Africa  
|
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|
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Line 839: Line 975:
| 1890s  
| 1890s  
|European spheres of influence in China
|European spheres of influence in China
|
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|
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Line 847: Line 984:
| 1896  
| 1896  
|Battle of Adowa (Ethiopia)  
|Battle of Adowa (Ethiopia)  
|
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|
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Line 855: Line 993:
| 1898  
| 1898  
|Spanish-American War
|Spanish-American War
|
|
|
|
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Line 863: Line 1,002:
| 1899  
| 1899  
|Boer War
|Boer War
|
|
|
|
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Line 871: Line 1,011:
| 1899  
| 1899  
|United Fruit Company formed
|United Fruit Company formed
|
|
|
|
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Line 879: Line 1,020:
| 1899-1901  
| 1899-1901  
|Boxer Rebellion
|Boxer Rebellion
|
|
|
|
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Line 886: Line 1,028:
|-
|-
| Units 7-9, 1900 to Present
| Units 7-9, 1900 to Present
|
|
|
|
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Line 895: Line 1,038:
| 1904
| 1904
| U.S. starts Panama Canal
| U.S. starts Panama Canal
|
|
|
|
|
Line 903: Line 1,047:
| 1904-1905  
| 1904-1905  
| Russo-Japanese War
| Russo-Japanese War
|
|
|
|
|
Line 911: Line 1,056:
| 1906  
| 1906  
| Muslim League founded
| Muslim League founded
|
|
|
|
|
Line 919: Line 1,065:
| 1910-1920  
| 1910-1920  
|Mexican Revolution
|Mexican Revolution
|
|
|
|
|
Line 927: Line 1,074:
| 1914-1918  
| 1914-1918  
|World War I
|World War I
|
|
|
|
|
Line 935: Line 1,083:
| 1915-1917  
| 1915-1917  
|Armenian genocide
|Armenian genocide
|
|
|
|
|
Line 943: Line 1,092:
| 1917  
| 1917  
|Russian revolution
|Russian revolution
|
|
|
|
|
Line 951: Line 1,101:
| 1917  
| 1917  
|Zimmerman telegram & US entry to WWI
|Zimmerman telegram & US entry to WWI
|
|
|
|
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Line 959: Line 1,110:
| 1920  
| 1920  
|League of Nations established
|League of Nations established
|
|
|
|
|
Line 967: Line 1,119:
| 1922  
| 1922  
| Stalin assumes Soviet leadership
| Stalin assumes Soviet leadership
|
|
|
|
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Line 975: Line 1,128:
| 1922  
| 1922  
| Ottoman empire ends
| Ottoman empire ends
|
|
|
|
|
Line 983: Line 1,137:
| 1923  
| 1923  
|Turkey established
|Turkey established
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Line 991: Line 1,146:
| 1927-1936  
| 1927-1936  
|Chinese Civil War
|Chinese Civil War
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Line 999: Line 1,155:
| 1929-1939  
| 1929-1939  
|worldwide economic depressions
|worldwide economic depressions
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Line 1,007: Line 1,164:
| 1931  
| 1931  
|Japanese invasion of Manchuria
|Japanese invasion of Manchuria
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Line 1,015: Line 1,173:
| 1933-39  
| 1933-39  
|New Deal
|New Deal
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Line 1,023: Line 1,182:
| 1936-1938  
| 1936-1938  
|Great Purge in USSR
|Great Purge in USSR
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Line 1,031: Line 1,191:
| 1939-1945  
| 1939-1945  
|World War II
|World War II
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Line 1,039: Line 1,200:
| 1941  
| 1941  
| Pearl Harbor attack
| Pearl Harbor attack
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Line 1,047: Line 1,209:
| 1941-1945  
| 1941-1945  
|Holocaust
|Holocaust
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Line 1,055: Line 1,218:
| 1941-1953  
| 1941-1953  
|Stalin total rule
|Stalin total rule
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Line 1,063: Line 1,227:
| 1943-1949
| 1943-1949
|Greek civil war
|Greek civil war
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Line 1,071: Line 1,236:
| 1943-1978  
| 1943-1978  
|Green Revolution
|Green Revolution
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Line 1,079: Line 1,245:
| 1945-1950  
| 1945-1950  
|Chinese Communist Revolution
|Chinese Communist Revolution
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Line 1,087: Line 1,254:
| 1945  
| 1945  
|atomic bombs dropped
|atomic bombs dropped
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Line 1,095: Line 1,263:
| 1946  
| 1946  
|Philippine independence
|Philippine independence
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Line 1,103: Line 1,272:
| 1947  
| 1947  
|Partition of India
|Partition of India
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Line 1,111: Line 1,281:
| 1947  
| 1947  
|Japanese Empire formally ended
|Japanese Empire formally ended
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Line 1,119: Line 1,290:
| 1947  
| 1947  
|Truman Doctrine
|Truman Doctrine
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Line 1,127: Line 1,299:
| 1947-1990  
| 1947-1990  
|Cold War
|Cold War
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Line 1,135: Line 1,308:
| 1948  
| 1948  
|Israel founded
|Israel founded
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Line 1,143: Line 1,317:
| 1949  
| 1949  
|NATO established
|NATO established
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Line 1,151: Line 1,326:
| 1950-1953  
| 1950-1953  
|Korean War
|Korean War
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Line 1,159: Line 1,335:
| 1953-1959  
| 1953-1959  
|Cuban Revolution
|Cuban Revolution
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Line 1,167: Line 1,344:
| 1955  
| 1955  
|Warsaw Pact founded
|Warsaw Pact founded
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Line 1,175: Line 1,353:
| 1955  
| 1955  
|Bandung Conference
|Bandung Conference
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Line 1,183: Line 1,362:
| 1955  
| 1955  
|Polio vaccine introduced
|Polio vaccine introduced
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Line 1,191: Line 1,371:
| 1955-1975  
| 1955-1975  
|Vietnam War
|Vietnam War
|
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Line 1,199: Line 1,380:
| 1956  
| 1956  
|Khrushchev takes power
|Khrushchev takes power
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Line 1,207: Line 1,389:
| 1958-1962  
| 1958-1962  
|Great Leap Forward/ Cultural Revolution
|Great Leap Forward/ Cultural Revolution
|
|
|
|
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Line 1,215: Line 1,398:
| 1960  
| 1960  
|"Year of Africa"
|"Year of Africa"
|
|
|
|
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Line 1,223: Line 1,407:
| 1961  
| 1961  
|President Eisenhower warns of "military-industrial complex"
|President Eisenhower warns of "military-industrial complex"
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,231: Line 1,416:
| 1962  
| 1962  
|Cuban Missile Crisis
|Cuban Missile Crisis
|
|
|
|
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Line 1,239: Line 1,425:
| 1966-1976  
| 1966-1976  
|Cultural Revolution
|Cultural Revolution
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,247: Line 1,434:
| 1973-1990  
| 1973-1990  
|Pinochet coup
|Pinochet coup
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,255: Line 1,443:
| 1977-1989  
| 1977-1989  
|Deng Xiaoping assumes power
|Deng Xiaoping assumes power
|
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|
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Line 1,263: Line 1,452:
| 1979  
| 1979  
|Iranian Revolution
|Iranian Revolution
|
|
|
|
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Line 1,271: Line 1,461:
| 1989  
| 1989  
|Tiananmen Square protests
|Tiananmen Square protests
|
|
|
|
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Line 1,279: Line 1,470:
| 1989  
| 1989  
|fall of the Berlin Wall
|fall of the Berlin Wall
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,287: Line 1,479:
| 1990  
| 1990  
|collapse of USSR
|collapse of USSR
|
|
|
|
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Line 1,295: Line 1,488:
| 1990  
| 1990  
|Apartheid ended
|Apartheid ended
|
|
|
|
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Line 1,303: Line 1,497:
| 1991  
| 1991  
| Gulf War
| Gulf War
|
|
|
|
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Line 1,311: Line 1,506:
| 1994  
| 1994  
|Rwandan genocide
|Rwandan genocide
|
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|
|
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Line 1,319: Line 1,515:
| 2001  
| 2001  
|Sept 11 attacks
|Sept 11 attacks
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,327: Line 1,524:
| 2003+  
| 2003+  
| War on Terrorism
| War on Terrorism
|
|
|
|
|
Line 1,335: Line 1,533:
| 2011  
| 2011  
|Arab Spring
|Arab Spring
|
|
|
|
|

Revision as of 16:28, 13 May 2022

AP World History: Modern timeline, 1200-present

Article purpose: timeline w/ sortable chart for themes and places

Dates Place/Empire Region Place Theme 1 Theme 2 Main Ideas/ Notes Other
Units 1-2, 1200 to 1450
750-1258 Abbasid Caliphate
  • 3rd caliphate
  • capital Baghdad
 West Asia & North Africa MidEast religion Islam
  • Dar al-Islam, Pax Islamica
  • by end of 9th century, was a fragmented empire with centrally-ruled and allied, autonomous rulers
  • Baghdad remained the "ritualized court" for Sunni Islam in opposition to Shia Islam
  • subjected to Persian, Seljuk & other Turkic invasions
  • final collapse from Mongol invasion
 The lands and cities of the Dar al-Islam in the 10th century, according to the geographer al-Muqaddasi
960-1279 Song Dynasty China
1095-1492 Crusades Europe religion
1173-1206 Ghurid dynasty
  • Persian Tajiks who converted to Islam and introduced it to northern India
  • established Islamic capital at the ancient city, Dehli, India
 South Asia cultural diffusion Islam
  • transferred Persian culture to northern India, including literature and architecture
  • Ghurs were Tajik (Persian ethnic) tribes, likely from central Afghanistan, who, with other Turkic tribes frequently raided western and northern India
  • the Ghurs fell under the Islamic Turkic rule over Persia, Afghanistan and northern India
  • the Ghurs then established their own rule over Persia and expanded eastward across northern India
1206-1526 Delhi Sultanate
  • series of Muslim dynasties that ruled south Asia
  • started as Turkic rule but transformed into Indo-Muslim rule
  • established Islamic culture in India
 South Asia cultural diffusion Islam
  • established by a Ghurid general, a Turkish slave who became a military leader (a "Mamluk" = non-Arab slave given military and administrative duties)
  • at peak controlled most of the subcontinent but rule was reduced to 14th century Hindu reconquests
  • 1526 = Mughal conquest
  • Mamluk Dynasty (1206-1290)
  • Muslim rulers tolerated but looked down upon local religions
  • concerned with administration, prestige and wealth more than with religious suppression, although the Sultanate conquest included destruction of Hindu and Buddhist temples and libraries, as well as sacking, massacre and sometimes total destruction
  • the Delhi Sultanate oversaw migration wave of West Asian Muslims fleeing Mongol invasions and spread of Islam, especially at the expense Buddhist culture in Bengal (eastern portion of subcontinent)
  • was one of the few Eurasian powers to repel Mongol invasions
1206-1277 Genghis Khan Asia Mongolia
1215 Magna Carta Europe England
1258 Abbasid Caliphate ends West Asia
  • Mongol army conquered Bagdhad and killed the rule, officially ending the Abbasid Caliphate
1271-1285 Mongol invasion of Japan fails
1260 Mongol Empire divided into 4 khanates
1271-1295 Marco Polo's travels
1260-1350 Pax Mongolia
1279 peak of Mongol Empire
1279-1368 Yuan Dynasty in China (Mongol rule)
1282 introduction of water-powered paper-mill " China technology
1299-1923 Ottoman Empire
1400-1600 Italian Renaissance
1324 Mansa Musa pilgrimage to Mecca
1325 Tenochitlan founded
1325-1354 Ibn Battuta's travels
1336-1646 Vijayanagara Empire India cultural diffusion religion
  • Hindu empire in southern subcontinent
  • stopped Islamic spread to southern India by defeating the Deccan sultanates
  • Vijayanagara, the capital city, was famed for wealth and learning
  • in 1500 was the 2nd largest city in the word (after Beijing) w/ c. 500,000
  • became a source of fascination to Europeans in 15th-16th centuries
  • the capital was sacked in 1565 by the Muslim Deccan sultanates and abandoned
1346 Black Death in China
1347-1388 Black Death in Europe
1351-1368 Red Turban Rebellion
1353 gunpower perfected in Germany; first European cannon Europe China technology cultural diffusion with improved metalworking, increased firing range and durability over early Chinese and Middle Eastern guns
  • invented in 9th century in China, called "fire medicine"
  • had limited use under Song Dynasty as "incendiary projectiles" but not adapted for common military use and not for cannon or guns
  • Medieval Islam acquired recipes which included saltpeter, which they called "Chinese snow"; having already employed naptha (petroleum-based) as an incendiary
  • Mongol warfare included use of gunpowder, especially in conquest of China, and possibly in attacks on Europe, where it was likely introduced
  • see Gunpowder empires for Islamic empires that made extensive use of muskets and cannon
  • Europeans applied it to small arms and cannon, and it was instrumental in bringing an end to calvary supremacy of European knights (see the Thirty Years War)
  • European gunpowder was brought to China by the Portuguese in the 15th century
1368-1644 Ming Dynasty
1405-1433 Zheng He's treasure voyages
1428-1521 Aztec Empire
1438-1533 Inca Empire
1440 Swahili city-states
1440 Guteneberg invents printing press
1400s Portuguese caravel developed
1441 Atlantic slave trade in Atlantic islands
Units 3-4, 1450-1750
1453 Ottoman conquest of Constantinople & collapse of Byzantine empire Europe empire
1453-1736 Gunpowder empires
  • Islamic empires built / expanded on use of gunpowder, especially muskets and cannon
  • Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal empires
 South Asia West Asia technology economy
  • used gunpowder in guns and cannon to great effect over existing technologies and strategies (broke walls, reduced effectiveness of war elephants, etc.)
  • Gunpowder empires created stable economies and administrative states
  • engaged in cultural patronage (cosmopolitan)
Islamic Gunpowder Empires.jpg
Islamic Gunpowder Empires
1450s-1480s Russia overthrows Mongol rule in Moscow
1464-1591 Songhai Empire
1469 Sikhism begins
1492 Reconquista of Spain completed
1492 Columbus's 1st voyage to Americas
1498 Vasco da Gama reaches India
1501-1722 Safavid Empire
1534 African slaves trade to Americas starts
1509-1543 Nzinga Mbemba (Afonso I) rules Kongo Empire
1517 Martin Luther's 95 Theses
1519-1521 Magellan voyage around the world
1526-1748 Mughal Empire
  • Babur, warrior chief from Uzbekistan
  • used firearms to conquer upper India
  • expanded under constant warfare as form of government
  • Akbar established imperial structure that lasted until 1720; imposed agriculture tax via which monetized peasant economy
  • fell to Maratha Empire (confederacy of Hindu states)
 South Asia India religion
  • use of firearms (guns and cannon)
  • coinage
1534 France claims St. Lawrence riverway (Quebec colony)
1543 Copernicus / heliocentric universe
1545 Potosi mine opened in Bolivia
1550-1700 Scientific Revolution
1552 Russian Empire begins
1556-1605 Akbar the Great of the Mughal Empire
1571 Manila founded by Spanish
1595 Dutch "Fluyt" cargo ship introduced
1600 British East India Company founded
1600-1826 Tokugawa shogunate
1602 Dutch East India Company founded
1607 Britain begins colonizing the Americas with Jamestown
1623-1641 Tokugawa Iemitsu rules Japan
1632 Taj Mahal built
1643-1715 Louis XIV rules France
1652 Boers colonize South Africa
1674-1818 Maratha Empire or Confederacy South Asia India
1687 Newton publishes Principia
1688-1911/12 Qing (Manchu) Empire
Peter the Great rules Russia
1689 Glorious Revolution in England
1698 Early steam engine invented
The Enlightenment
Units 5-6, 1750 to 1900
1756-1763 Seven Years' War
1757 Battle of Plassey in India
1760-1789 First Industrial Revolution
1765-1783 American Revolution
1776 Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith published
1776 Declaration of Independence
1789-1795 French Revolution
1791-1804 Haitian Revolution
1792 Mary Wollstonecraft' "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman"
1793 Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin
1799-1815 Napoleonic period
1806-1826 Latin American revolutions/ Bolivar
1815 Congress of Vienna
1839-1860 Opium Wars
1839-1876 Ottoman Tanzimat reforms
1845-1849 Irish potato famine
1848 Communist Manifesto published
1848 Seneca Falls Convention
1850-1864 Taiping Rebellion
1854 Commodore Perry opens Japan
1857 Sepoy Rebellion
1859-1869 Suez Canal built
1861 emancipation of Russian serfs
1863 Emancipation Proclamation in U.S.
1865-1909 King Leopold rule of Congo
1868 Meiji Restoration in Japan
1870-1914 Second Industrial Revolution
1871 Germany unified under Otto von Bismarck
1885 Berlin Conference & the "scramble for Africa
1890s European spheres of influence in China
1896 Battle of Adowa (Ethiopia)
1898 Spanish-American War
1899 Boer War
1899 United Fruit Company formed
1899-1901 Boxer Rebellion
Units 7-9, 1900 to Present
1904 U.S. starts Panama Canal
1904-1905 Russo-Japanese War
1906 Muslim League founded
1910-1920 Mexican Revolution
1914-1918 World War I
1915-1917 Armenian genocide
1917 Russian revolution
1917 Zimmerman telegram & US entry to WWI
1920 League of Nations established
1922 Stalin assumes Soviet leadership
1922 Ottoman empire ends
1923 Turkey established
1927-1936 Chinese Civil War
1929-1939 worldwide economic depressions
1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria
1933-39 New Deal
1936-1938 Great Purge in USSR
1939-1945 World War II
1941 Pearl Harbor attack
1941-1945 Holocaust
1941-1953 Stalin total rule
1943-1949 Greek civil war
1943-1978 Green Revolution
1945-1950 Chinese Communist Revolution
1945 atomic bombs dropped
1946 Philippine independence
1947 Partition of India
1947 Japanese Empire formally ended
1947 Truman Doctrine
1947-1990 Cold War
1948 Israel founded
1949 NATO established
1950-1953 Korean War
1953-1959 Cuban Revolution
1955 Warsaw Pact founded
1955 Bandung Conference
1955 Polio vaccine introduced
1955-1975 Vietnam War
1956 Khrushchev takes power
1958-1962 Great Leap Forward/ Cultural Revolution
1960 "Year of Africa"
1961 President Eisenhower warns of "military-industrial complex"
1962 Cuban Missile Crisis
1966-1976 Cultural Revolution
1973-1990 Pinochet coup
1977-1989 Deng Xiaoping assumes power
1979 Iranian Revolution
1989 Tiananmen Square protests
1989 fall of the Berlin Wall
1990 collapse of USSR
1990 Apartheid ended
1991 Gulf War
1994 Rwandan genocide
2001 Sept 11 attacks
2003+ War on Terrorism
2011 Arab Spring
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