Spice trade: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 17:22, 13 January 2021

Spice Trade

>> to add Social Studies format

Spice Origins[edit | edit source]

Arabian peninsula
- myrrh and frankincense
  - oils derived for medicinal and aromatic purposes that were highly valued
- sugar << get dates when was
China
- silk
- black tea
India
- pepper
  - see pepper for more
- sugar
- cotton
Spice Islands
- ginger, pepper, cloves, saffron, cinnamon, cardomom
- nutmeg
  - see Nutmeg
  - Banda islands were the sole sources of nutmeg
  - nutmeg is traditionally used in Europe as a spice for vegetables, eggnog, mulled cider and in meat stews
  - In India and Indonesia nutmeg is traditionally used in soups and deserts

Trade Commodities[edit | edit source]

Gems
- highly valuable
- standard value across regions (portable)
See also Money << to do

Price of Spices in Europe[edit | edit source]

15th century (1400s)
- pepper sold in Venice (to northern European markets) at 27 times or 2700% of cost in India
- nutmeg sold in London or Paris at 600 times, or 6,000% the original cost in the Banda Islands, one of the spice island groups
The Portuguese broke into the Indian market by circumnavigating Africa and sailing to India
- the Portuguese secured trade concessions in Calika << to confirm sp
- they then forcibly seized control of trade with Malaka (in modern Malaysia) a major spice-trade center
- this allowed them to by-pass Indian markets and purchase spices at their origins at much lower prices
  - the Portuguese and Indian relationship was both trade- and war-based
    - < to source
  - the Italian monopoly on the pepper market collapsed from Portuguese competition
  - by 1588 profits from pepper trade accounted for half of Portuguese government revenue
- the Portuguese King Manuel I was known as the "Grocer King"
  - "grocer" etymology:
    - c. 15th century derived from "gross" or bulk
  - >> to find Manuel letter to European kings bragging about the discovery

Sources: Marriam-Webster.

- The Spice Trade
- A history lesson in trade from the Spice Islands

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 * India
 ** pepper
-*** see [pepper] for more
+*** see [[pepper]] for more
 ** sugar
 ** cotton
@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 ** highly valuable
 ** standard value across regions (portable)
-* See also [Money] << to do
+* See also [[Money]] << to do
 == Price of Spices in Europe ==
@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 ** they then forcibly seized control of trade with Malaka (in modern Malaysia) a major spice-trade center
 ** this allowed them to by-pass Indian markets and purchase spices at their origins at much lower prices
-*** the Portuguese and Indian relationship was both trade- and war-based << to source
+*** the Portuguese and Indian relationship was both trade- and war-based
+**** < to source
 *** the Italian monopoly on the pepper market collapsed from Portuguese competition
 *** by 1588 profits from pepper trade accounted for half of Portuguese government revenue
-** the Portuguese King Manuel II<<conrirm was known as the "Grocer King"
+** the Portuguese King Manuel I was known as the "Grocer King"
+*** "grocer" etymology:
+**** c. 15th century derived from "gross" or bulk
+***  >> to find Manuel letter to European kings bragging about the discovery
+Sources: [https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/grocery-store-word-origin#:~:text=The%20history%20of%20grocery%20begins,having%20the%20same%20meaning%2C%20groser Marriam-Webster].
+** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_discovery_of_the_sea_route_to_India Portuguese Discovery of the Sea Route to India (wikipedia)]
+** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casa_da_%C3%8Dndia Casa de India (Portuguese state corporation for spice trade (wikipedia)]
 * Sources:
 ** [https://dynamicdoingness.com/the-spice-trade/ The Spice Trade]
 ** [https://asia.nikkei.com/NAR/Articles/A-history-lesson-in-trade-from-the-Spice-Islands A history lesson in trade from the Spice Islands]