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World History empires name meanings study guide: Difference between revisions

World History empires name meanings study guide (view source)

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* however, knowing the meaning of "Qing" and "Dynasty" greatly enhances that recollection
* however, knowing the meaning of "Qing" and "Dynasty" greatly enhances that recollection
** Dynasty = a series of related rulers, generally passed down generationally
** Dynasty = a series of related rulers, generally passed down generationally
** "Qing" = the Chinese characters for "water" and "blue"  
*** thus the Qing represented a new power
*** thus the Qing represented a new power
** "Qing" = the Chinese characters for "water" and "blue"
***
*** opposed to the "Ming"
*** opposed to the "Ming"
**** the Chinese characters of which represented the sun and the moon
**** the Chinese characters of which represented the sun and the moon
** the idea being that the new rulers who started the Qing Dynasty chose   
** the idea being that the new rulers who started the Qing Dynasty chose
{| class="wikitable"
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!Name
!Name definition
!Dates
!Region
!Notes
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|Notes on names of Chinese empires
|Dynastic name have several origins:
 
* geographic origins (Qin, Han dynasties)
* capital cities (Sui and Tang dynasties)
* material properties (Liao for iron)
* word meanings (Ming, Qing dynasties)
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|Sources
 
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=== Yuan Dynasty ===
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=== Ming Dynasty ===
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* Ming is from the Chinese characters for sun and moon; it also means "luminescent"
* the name was taken by Han Shantong who led early rebellions against the Yuan Dynasty; Han Shantong took on the name "King Ming" for "King of Light"
|1368-1644
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* followed the collapse of Mongol rule under the Yuan Dynasty
** the "Red Turban Rebellions" weakened the Yuan (named for red banners and hats)
** Red Turban movement was started by a Chinese monk (associated w/ the Bhuddist White Lotus secret society that believed in fight of good v. evil, influencd by Manichaeism from ancient Persia, called in China "Mingjiao")
** represented a Han Chinese ethnic rebellion against Mongol rule
* reinstituted Confucian culture, which was largely Han
* Ming emperors used court eunuchs (couldn't have children so posed no dynastic threat) to balance power w/ Confucian administrator
* Sources:
** [https://www.history.com/news/7-things-you-may-not-know-about-the-ming-dynasty 7 Things You May Not Know About the Ming Dynasty (History.com)]
** [https://encyclopediaoffacts.com/the-ming-dynasty-facts/#:~:text=The%20dynasty%20lasted%20until%201644%20and%20was%20the,for%20a%20bright%20and%20prosperous%20future%20for%20China. The Ming Dynasty Facts (encyclopediaoffacts.com)]
** [https://inf.news/en/history/7c662fe12281c4fcfe2faf8a63dd01e5.html The relationship between the Ming Dynasty and Mingjiao (nif.news)] (not academic; seems to be a Chinese cultural magazine)
** [https://www.quora.com/Why-did-Zhu-Yuanzhang-name-his-dynasty-the-Ming-Dynasty Why did Zhu Yuanzhang name his dynasty the Ming Dynasty? (Quora user answer)]
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=== Qing Dynasty ===
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* Qing means, "blue, aqua, clear, transparent"
* Qing character contains 3 strokes of the water symbol
 
* the 1st Qing emperor renamed "the Great Jin" empire ("Jin" signifies "metal and fire") to "Great Qing"
** Jin was understood to represent the fiery tempers of the Manchu royalty
** Qing for "transparent" and "water" indicated an end to feuds in the royal family
|1644–1911
|Manchuria, China
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* Arose from the "Later Jin Dynasty" from Manchuria (northeast region of China
** thus is also known as the "Manchu Dynasty
** "Manchu" = people from Manchuria
* Jin dynasty ruler Hong Taiji, renamed the "Great Jin" to "Great Qung" in 1636
** Qing was a Chinese name
* he renamed the "Jurchen" people to "Manchu"
** "Manchu" may come from the word for "brave"
** the renaming reflects his conquest of all of Manchuria
* key Hong Tajji's rise was adoption of artillery, which the Ming had used to defeat him before
* he conquered the Ming capital in Beijing in 1644
* as ruler, he accepted ethnic Han into his military and government, and even married 10000 Manchu women to Han men
* sources:
** [https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Qing_Dynasty#:~:text=The%20name%20Qing%20was%20chosen%20because%20the%20name,which%20are%20both%20associated%20with%20the%20water%20element. Qing Dynasty (New World Encyclopedia)]
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[[Category:World History]]
[[Category:World History]]
[[Category:AP World History]]
[[Category:AP World History]]
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[[Category:Social Studies skills]]
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