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List of word parts of speech & their grammar rules: Difference between revisions
List of word parts of speech & their grammar rules (view source)
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** as singular pronoun, indicates one person being addressed or mentioned | ** as singular pronoun, indicates one person being addressed or mentioned | ||
** as plural pronoun, indicates more than one person being addressed or mentioned | ** as plural pronoun, indicates more than one person being addressed or mentioned | ||
* origin of "you" | * Old English origin of "you" | ||
** from Old English "''thou''" (dative and accusative cases) | ** from Old English "''thou''" (dative and accusative cases) | ||
** or "''ye''" (objective case) | ** or "''ye''" (objective case) | ||
* [[PIE proto-Indo-European language|PIE]] origin of "you" | |||
** second person singular: '''*tege-''' (from which "''thou''" and "''tu''" are derived) | |||
** second person plural: '''*yu''' | |||
*transition from "thee" to "you" | |||
**in Middle English, the second person plural form merged with the singular | |||
***2nd person plural was original used for both plural "you" and out of respect to a superior "(thy") | |||
***2nd person plural came to be used to show equal status, thus as a courtesy | |||
=== "you" origins === | |||
* useful for Shakespeare "you" translations | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! | |||
!2nd person case | |||
! colspan="2" |Nominative | |||
(subject) | |||
! colspan="2" |Indicative | |||
(a command) | |||
! colspan="2" |Accusative | |||
(also "objective" for direct object) | |||
! colspan="2" |Dative | |||
(indirect object) | |||
! colspan="2" |Genetive | |||
(possessive) | |||
!Reflexive | |||
! | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! | |||
!singular | |||
!plural | |||
!singular | |||
!plural | |||
!singular | |||
!plural | |||
!singular | |||
!plural | |||
!singular | |||
!plural | |||
! | |||
! | |||
|- | |||
|you | |||
|singular or | |||
plural | |||
|you go | |||
|you [all] go | |||
|You listen! | |||
|You [all] listen! | |||
|he spoke to you | |||
|he speaks to you [all] | |||
|he gives you a horse | |||
|he gives you (all) a horse | |||
|your book | |||
|[all] your book | |||
|do it yourself | |||
|do it yourselves | |||
|- | |||
|thou | |||
|singular subjective (informal) | |||
|thou goest | |||
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|- | |||
|thee | |||
|singular objective | |||
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|he speeketh to thee | |||
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|he givest thee a horse | |||
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|- | |||
|thy | |||
|singular possessive | |||
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|thy kingdom | |||
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|doest it thy self | |||
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|thine | |||
|singular possessive of words that begin w/ a vowel | |||
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|thine apple | |||
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|thine own self | |||
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|- | |||
|ye | |||
|plural subjective | |||
(or singular formal) | |||
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|Ye goeth | |||
or | |||
My Lord, ye goeth | |||
|Ye listen! | |||
|Hear ye! | |||
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|} | |||
== Categories == | == Categories == | ||