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*** "Any of you guys want candy?" << "any" = pronoun / subject | *** "Any of you guys want candy?" << "any" = pronoun / subject | ||
**** "of you guys" = prepositional phrase, which is never the subject of a sentence | **** "of you guys" = prepositional phrase, which is never the subject of a sentence | ||
**** "any" can act as a singular or plural | **** "any" can act as a singular or plural pronoun | ||
***** "Any is better than none" | ***** "Any is better than none" | ||
***** "Any of them are crazy" | ***** "Any of them are crazy" | ||
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[35] ____ required to consider whether historical artifacts | [35] ____ required to consider whether historical artifacts | ||
will be affected during construction... </pre> | will be affected during construction... </pre> | ||
A) are | A) are <br> | ||
B) have been | B) have been <br> | ||
C) is | C) is <br> | ||
D) were | D) were<br> | ||
* the subject of the clause is "project" and not "any" | * the subject of the clause is "project" and not "any" or "funds" | ||
** therefore, the subject-verb agreement is "project is" (third person singular conjugation "is") | ** therefore, the subject-verb agreement is "project is" (third person singular conjugation "is") | ||
* A) ''are'' is designed to fool the student into match "any" or "funds" as plural (conjugating as "are") | |||
* | ** here, "any" is a determiner/adjective that modifies "project" | ||
** thus, "any", "New York City," and "construction" are all adjective modifiers | *** thus, "any", "New York City," and "construction" are all adjective modifiers | ||
*** any = determiner(adjective) that describes "project" | **** any = determiner(adjective) that describes "project" | ||
*** New York City = attributive noun that describes "project" | **** New York City = attributive noun that describes "project" | ||
*** construction = attributive that describes "project" | **** construction = attributive that describes "project" | ||
** here, "funds" is an object of the present participle adjective "using" (verb acting like an adjective) | |||
*** thus, "using" and "funds" are a modifying phrase to describe "project" | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
== Punctuation == | == Punctuation == | ||
* the purpose of punctuation is to mimic on paper verbal, or spoken, language | * the purpose of punctuation is to mimic on paper verbal, or spoken, language |