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Social Studies skills: Difference between revisions

→‎Causality: necessary v. sufficient causes example / chart
(→‎Causality: building out & reorgarnizing section)
(→‎Causality: necessary v. sufficient causes example / chart)
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* see section on agents, triggers & catalysts
* see section on agents, triggers & catalysts
* below for terms associated with causality
* below for terms associated with causality
* >> todo: "The cat died last night"


=== Correlation v. causation ===
=== Correlation v. causation ===
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==== Indirect cause ====
==== Indirect cause ====
* a cause that contributes to an event or outcome but is not directly related to it
** may be a "necessary clause" but not necessarily


==== Long term cause ====
==== Long term cause ====
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** in other words, the event does not happen without the ''sufficient cause''
** in other words, the event does not happen without the ''sufficient cause''


 
==== Necessary v. sufficient causes example
>> to do: chart of necessary v. sufficient causes
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50%;"
|'''EVENT'''|| '''NECESSARY CAUSE''' ||'''SUFFICIENT CAUSE'''
|-
| I mowed the lawn on Tuesday
||
* I have a lawn w/ grass
* the grass was high
* my lawn mower works & has gas
* my wife complained about the grass getting too high
* ''all these causes are "necessary" but not "sufficient" for the outcome to happen that I mowed the lawn yesterday''
* ''all of these causes could still be present (especially the wife complaining about the grass) but didn't unto themselves cause the lawn to be mowed last Tuesday''
||
* it was Tuesday
* I went to the shed, got out the mower
* It started it and it worked properly
* I completed mowing the lawn
* ''without these events the lawn would not have been cut last Tuesday''
|-
|}


=== Other causality terminology  ===
=== Other causality terminology  ===
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* multi-causality = multiple causes (complex)  
* multi-causality = multiple causes (complex)  
====Motive====
====Motive====
* motives are frequently behind agency, catalysts and triggers
* historical literacy is enhanced by understanding motives
==== Unintended outcomes ====
* frequently historical choice is made that causes a different outcome than that expected by the actors or agents
** ex. Some French aristocrats early on supported the French Revolution but themselves became victims of it.


 
=== Why the cat died last night: an exercise in causality ===
to do:
>> to do
>> add comparison?  (was there before)


==Contingency==
==Contingency==