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SAT Reading & Writing section grammar rules & elimination chart: Difference between revisions
SAT Reading & Writing section grammar rules & elimination chart (view source)
Revision as of 15:01, 8 August 2022
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!Rule/ Test | !Rule/ Test | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=" | | rowspan="15" |'''Clause''' | ||
| rowspan="4" |independent clause (IC) | | rowspan="4" |independent clause (IC) | ||
| rowspan="4" |has a subject and verb and could be a sentence by itself | | rowspan="4" |has a subject and verb and could be a sentence by itself | ||
| Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|multiple ICs are combined using comma + coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) | |multiple ICs are combined using comma + coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) | ||
|- | |||
|main clause (MC) | |||
|the primary idea of a sentence | |||
must be an IC | |||
|if there are two IC, then there is no main clause (MC) | |||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3" |dependent clause (DC) | | rowspan="3" |dependent clause (DC) | ||
| Line 31: | Line 36: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|dependent clauses modify the IC or add information to it | |dependent clauses modify the IC or add information to it | ||
| | |dependent clauses are introduced by a subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun: | ||
* subordinating conjunction: since, | |||
* relative pronoun: that, which, who | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | |DC types include '''subordinate''' (SC), '''relative''' (RC), '''noun''' (NC) and '''adverb''' clauses | ||
| | |identify dependent clauses by the conjunction that introduces the dependent thought ("Since it's raining...") | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" |subordinate clause SC | | rowspan="2" |subordinate clause SC | ||
| Line 42: | Line 51: | ||
|make sure the SC is not next to another SC (i.e, 2 SC's in a row is usually incorrect) | |make sure the SC is not next to another SC (i.e, 2 SC's in a row is usually incorrect) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=" | | rowspan="3" |relative clause (RC) | ||
|introduced by a relative pronoun (that, which, who, whom, which) | |introduced by a relative pronoun (that, which, who, whom, which) | ||
|relative clause has a subject (pronoun) & verb but is not an IC, as it serves to modify the IC | |relative clause has a subject (pronoun) & verb but is not an IC, as it serves to modify the IC | ||
|- | |- | ||
|requisite RC = no punctuation if the information is essential (requisite) | |requisite RC = no punctuation if the information is essential (requisite) | ||
|relative clauses may | |relative clauses may precede to modify a subject) or follow the verb (as part of the predicate) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|non-requisite RC = sparated from other sentence part by a comma (not essential) | |non-requisite RC = sparated from other sentence part by a comma (not essential) | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|noun clause | |||
(NC) | |||
|a clause that acts as a noun | |||
* = can be a subject, object, subject complement or object of a preposition | |||
|NCs are often introduced by "what" | |||
* "''What you think you know'' is wrong. | |||
|- | |||
|adverb clause | |||
(AC) | |||
|a clause that acts as an adverb | |||
AC is a type of subordinate clause (SC) | |||
* answers "where, when, why and how" of a main clause | |||
* using SC such as "''after, because, wherever, with''", etc. | |||
|AC answers ''how, where, when, why'' | |||
AC describes the action of the IC | |||
* "He used a credit card ''because he had no cash"'' | |||
* "She ate heartily ''after she swam''" | |||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="10" |'''Phrase''' | | rowspan="10" |'''Phrase''' | ||