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** would these historical actors be satisfied with conditions of today? | ** would these historical actors be satisfied with conditions of today? | ||
** if so, what would they have done differently | ** if so, what would they have done differently | ||
* aside from its impossibility, the | * aside from its impossibility, the Utopia paradox misunderstands history: | ||
**by confusing what ''actually'' happened with what the observer ''wishes'' had happened | **by confusing what ''actually'' happened with what the observer ''wishes'' had happened | ||
*note that study of contingency helps avoid the Utopia paradox: | |||
**by studying conditions and choices based upon those conditions ("contingency") we can better understand both the present and past worlds | |||
== Effects == | == Effects == |