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Vocabulary list for high school admissions tests: Difference between revisions

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Vocabulary list for high school admissions tests (view source)

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!Part of Speech / Definition
!Part of Speech / Definition
!Word Origin
!Word Origin
!Connection/ Other
!Etymology/ Connection/ Other
|-
|confident
|adj
|
|
|-
|-
|conceited  
|conceited  
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“to conceit” = to flatter, so conceited = to flatter oneself
“to conceit” = to flatter, so conceited = to flatter oneself
|conceive = ''capere'' = con- “with” + [[PIE proto-Indo-European language|PIE]] '''*kap-'''  “to grasp”  = “w/ understanding”
|conceive = ''capere'' = con- “with” + [[PIE proto-Indo-European language|PIE]] '''*kap-'''  “to grasp”  = “w/ understanding”
click Expand for words related to '''PIE *kap-'''  
click Expand for words related to '''PIE *kap-''' (to grasp, run after, hunt)
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">''to grasp'':<br>accept; anticipate; anticipation; behave; behoof; behoove; cable; capable; capacious; capacity; caption; captious; captivate; captive; captor; capture; case.<br>''to run after, hunt'':<br> catch; catchpoll; cater; chase; conceive; cop; copper; deceive; emancipate; except; forceps; gaffe; haft; have; hawk; heave; heavy; heft; incapacity; inception; incipient; intercept; municipal; occupy; participation; perceive; precept; prince; purchase; receive; recipe; recover; recuperate; sashay; susceptible.</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">''to grasp'':<br>accept; anticipate; anticipation; behave; behoof; behoove; cable; capable; capacious; capacity; caption; captious; captivate; captive; captor; capture; case.<br>''to run after, hunt'':<br> catch; catchpoll; cater; chase; conceive; cop; copper; deceive; emancipate; except; forceps; gaffe; haft; have; hawk; heave; heavy; heft; incapacity; inception; incipient; intercept; municipal; occupy; participation; perceive; precept; prince; purchase; receive; recipe; recover; recuperate; sashay; susceptible.</div>
|-
|servile
|adj. belonging to a class of servants or subordinates; under, beneath in rank
|from ''servilis'' for "slave"
root: "serve", as in "to serve"
|from PIE '''''*seruo'''-'' "guardian", which gives us "shepherd", so the shepherd serves the sheep
|-
|obsequious
|
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|-
|sage
|adj. wise, knowledgeable, learned
n. a wise person
|''sabius'', ''sapere'' for "have taste, be wise"
|'''PIE *sap''' "to taste"
as a noun sage = an herb, but has different PIE origin '''*sol-''' fo "whole, well-kept", thus called for its healing properties
> which makes a good connection to adj. "sage" for "wise"
|-
|sagacious
|adj. perceptive, discerning, wise
| -ous = adjective
related to "seek", thus "perceptive, discerning"
|has different PIE root from "sage" : '''*sag-''' for "to track down, trace, seek"
|-
|brittle
|adj. stiff, breaks easily
|from Old English ''*brytel''
|from PIE '''*bhreu-''' to break or cut up (from which "bruise" is derived)
something that is brittle breaks apart easily, breaks and doesn't bend
|-
|content
|v. to make happy
adj. happy, satisfied with the way things are
n. what is contained, what is in (pl. "the contents")
|v. from ''contentare'' for "to give satisfaction)
adj. from ''contentus'' for "contained, satisfied"
n. from ''contentum'' for "that which is contained"
|con- (with) + ''tenere'' (to hold)
from PIE '''*ten-''' (to stretch)
click Expand for words related to '''PIE *ten-''' (to stretch > to incline > to offer > shelter/bulding):
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">abstain; abstention; abstinence; abstinent; atelectasis; attend; attenuate; attenuation; baritone; catatonia; catatonic; contain; contend; continue; detain; detente; detention; diatonic; distend; entertain; extend; extenuate; hypotenuse; hypotonia; intend; intone; lieutenant; maintain; monotony; obtain; ostensible; peritoneum; pertain; pertinacious; portend; pretend; rein; retain; retinue; sitar; subtend; sustain; temple; temple; temporal; tenable; tenacious; tenacity; tenant; tend; tendency; tender; tendon; tenement; tenet; tennis; tenon; tenor; tense; tension; tensor; tent; tenuous; tenure; thin; tone; tonic.</div>
|-
|gaunt
|adj. lean, haggard
|possibley from Old Norse (viking) ''gand'' for "a thin stick"
|so a gaunt man could mean "a tall thin man who is bent over"
"gand" makes it connected to "gander" which means "a male goose" due to its long neck; and the verb "to gander" for to take a long look at something
|-
|ladle
|n. utensil to serve liquids
|from Old English  ''hladan'' for "to load; to draw up water"
|from related to "handle"
also related to verb "lade" for "to load, to heap" or "to draw water"; from  PIE '''*klā-''' "to spread out flat"
|-
|hamper
|v. to impede, imprison, or confine
n. large basket (used to  confine or hold something)
|from Old/Middle English ''hampren''
|possibly connected to Middle English ''hamelian'' for "to maim"
|-
|hinder
|v. to harm, injure, repress or "stop from happening"
|Old English ''hindrian'' ("back, behind") and ''hindan'' ("from behind)
|related to adj. ''hind'' for "rear, back, posterior"
|-
|incredulous
|adj. not believing, unbelieving
|in- (not) + ''credo'' (belief)
-ous makes an adj.
|"credo" comes from PIE '''*kerd-''' for heart (accord, cardio, cordial, courage, credence, credible, credit; credo; credulous; creed; discord; grant; heart; miscreant; myocarditus;  record;
|-
|stout
|adj. having large or strong body; bulky physique
|from Old French ''estout'' for "brave, fierce, strong"
|from Old French "estout" for "brave, fierce, proud"
from PIE '''*stel-''' "to put, stand, put in order"
n: apostle; epistle; forestall; install; installment; pedestal; peristalsis; peristaltic; stale stalk; stall (noun); stall (verb); stallion; stele; stell; still; stilt; stole; stout; stultify
|-
|svelte
|adj. thin, slender
|French "svelte"
|from Latin ''exvellere'' for "out" + "plucked" as in :pulled out, stretched"
|-
|wry
|adj. marked by dry or sarcastic humor; also a facial expression of disgust or disappointment
adv. ''wryly''
|from OE ''wrigian'' for "twist, distort"
PIE '''*wer-''' means "to turn"
|"wry humor" = "dry" for ironic, sardonic ("grim, mocking, or cynical")
ex.  ''As I held my mouth closed from exploding, he said wrly, "Here, have another piece of liquorish, it's great!"''
|-
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== Other words to know ==
{| class="wikitable"
|accrue
|-
|afrobeat
|-
|aghast
|-
|amenable
|-
|astute
|-
|banal
|-
|bel- = war
|-
|belligerent
|-
|callous
|-
|causal
|-
|contentious
|-
|cordial
|-
|daunting
|-
|deciduous
|-
|delectable
|-
|deliberately
|-
|despondent
|-
|dis- = not
|-
|disdain
|-
|disingenuous
|-
|dismal
|-
|distraught
|-
|dogmatic
|-
|emaciated
|-
|etymology
|-
|fallacy
|-
|fallacy
|-
|fiddlehead
|-
|formidable
|-
|fortitude
|-
|fowl
|-
|frailty
|-
|haphazard
|-
|hiatus
|-
|hierarchy
|-
|idiosyncrasy
|-
|impromptu
|-
|incipient
|-
|ingenious
|-
|innuendo
|-
|insomnia
|-
|inundation
|-
|languid
|-
|lassitude
|-
|lax
|-
|lethargy
|-
|livid
|-
|logic:
|-
|mandate
|-
|nonplussed
|-
|odious
|-
|opposite
|-
|panacea
|-
|perennial
|-
|presumptuous
|-
|repugnant
|-
|sanguine
|-
|solicitous
|-
|stupefy
|-
|stupor
|-
|subservience
|-
|succulent
|-
|synonymous
|-
|tempestuous
|-
|trite
|-
|tussock
|-
|vexing
|-
|virulent
|-
|}
|}
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