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Virginia SOL Virginia and US History test: important concepts: Difference between revisions

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Virginia SOL Virginia and US History test: important concepts (view source)

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* Virginia mostly Protestant with some Catholics called "'''Cavaliers'''"
* Virginia mostly Protestant with some Catholics called "'''Cavaliers'''"
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=== French-Indian War, 1754-1763 ===
* war between British and American colonies and the French and their Native American allies over control of the lands west of the Appalachian Mountains
* during the War, '''Benjamin Franklin''' told American colonists that they must "Join or Die"
** he told them to forget their differences and join together to fight off the French and Indians
** he expressed this idea in the famous image of a snake divided up (between the colonies)
* the British won the war
=== Virginia colonial history ===
* Bacon's rebellion
** rebellion of frontier Virginians who objected to Virginia restrictions on western settlements
* Cavaliers
** Virginia Catholics who fought for religious tolerance
**


=== American Revolution ===
=== American Revolution ===
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=== US Constitution ===
=== US Constitution ===
==== Principles of the Constitution ====
* Divided government
* Limited government
* Checks and balances
** Presidential veto
* Federalism
*


== Expansion, Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction ==
== Expansion, Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction ==


* time period: 1791-1877
* time period: 1791-1877
=== Political parties and disputes ===
* while President Washington did not want political parties, they developed during his presidency
** each party represented a basic disagreement in policy
{| class="wikitable"
|+Early Republic Political Divisions
!Topic
!Supporters
!Dissenters
!Notes
|-
|National Bank
|
* Alexander Hamilton
* Federalists / Whigs
|
* Democratic party
* Thomas Jefferson
|
|-
|Tariff
(tax on imports)
|
* Alexander Hamilton
* Federalists
|
* Democratic party
* Thomas Jefferson
|
|-
|Slavery
|
* Southerners
* Democrats
|
* Northerners
* Whigs/ Republicans
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|}


=== Monroe Doctrine ===
=== Monroe Doctrine ===
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** it was a very powerful statement of "self-determination" for countries in the Americas  
** it was a very powerful statement of "self-determination" for countries in the Americas  
** especially to Spanish colonies in South and Central America that gained independence  
** especially to Spanish colonies in South and Central America that gained independence  
=== Jacksonian Democracy ===
* in 1828, Andrew Jackson won the election for president
* he was widely supported by common (middle and lower class) whites
* his election marked a tremendous expansion of voters
** these poor whites started to vote under Jackson
** before, only land-holders and elites (rich) voted


=== Slavery & southern Slave economy ===
=== Slavery & southern Slave economy ===
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**** = a system by which land owners would allow poor farmers (mostly blacks) to plant crops in exchange for a large "share" of the "crops"
**** = a system by which land owners would allow poor farmers (mostly blacks) to plant crops in exchange for a large "share" of the "crops"
**** this system entrenched (made to endure) the poverty of former black slaves
**** this system entrenched (made to endure) the poverty of former black slaves
=== Missouri Compromise of 1820 ===
=== Civil War ===
* anti-slavery advocates
** Elizabeth Cady Stanton
** Sojourner Truth
** Hariett Tubman
** Harriet Beecher Stowe
* Kansas-Nebraska Act, 185>
* Dred Scott decision, 1857
* Fort Sumpter
* Assassinatin of Lincoln
* Radical Republicans
* '''Confederacy / Confederate States of America'''
** southern states "seceded" (broke away) from the Union
** they organized a new government
*** called themselves the "Confederate States of America"
**** "confederacy" = a reference to the "Articles of Confederation"
***** which gave more power to the states than did the US Constitution
*** elected Jefferson Davis as President of the Confederate States (the "'''Confederacy'''")
=== Reconstruction ===


=== "Industrialized North" & European immigration ===
=== "Industrialized North" & European immigration ===
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* he made it with innovative "factory production line" manufacturing  
* he made it with innovative "factory production line" manufacturing  
** his "system" allowed for "'''mass production'''" of automobiles in the millions
** his "system" allowed for "'''mass production'''" of automobiles in the millions
=== Labor and working conditions ===
* child labor
* work hours
* factory conditions


=== Immigration ===
=== Immigration ===
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*** i.e., Hawaii was a "refueling station"  (a place to pick up more coal for fuel for steam engines)
*** i.e., Hawaii was a "refueling station"  (a place to pick up more coal for fuel for steam engines)


=== World War II ===
=== World War I, 1917-1918 ===
 
* US neutrality
* US entry
** sinking of the '''Lusitania''' ship by German submarine (U-Boat)


* after the War, President Woodrow Wilson gave a speech calling for creation of a "League of Nations" to ensure world peace
* after the War, President Woodrow Wilson gave a speech calling for creation of a "League of Nations" to ensure world peace
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*** because he outlined "14 points" about democracy, self-government (national independence) and peace
*** because he outlined "14 points" about democracy, self-government (national independence) and peace
** the '''League of Nations''' was started by other countries, but the U.S. Senate refused to join the treaty and thus the US stayed out of it
** the '''League of Nations''' was started by other countries, but the U.S. Senate refused to join the treaty and thus the US stayed out of it
* women working in factories
** '''19th Amendment'''
=== Roaring Twenties / 1920s ===
* Jazz
* Harlem Renaissance
* consumer goods
** autos, radio, refrigerators
=== World War II ===
* neutrality
* Lend-lease Act
* Pearl Harbor
* Labor and war


== The United States since World War II ==
== The United States since World War II ==
* time period 1945-today
* time period 1945-today


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**** his commitment to "'''non-violent protest'''"
**** his commitment to "'''non-violent protest'''"
**** = peaceful demonstration and peaceful violation of unjust laws
**** = peaceful demonstration and peaceful violation of unjust laws
****
{| class="wikitable"
|+Civil Rights Leaders
!Period
!Name
!Contribution
!
|-
|1850s
|Frederick Douglass
|
|
|-
|1890s
|Booker T. Washington
|
|
|-
|1910s
|W.E.B. DuBois
|
|
|-
|1960s
|Martin Luther King
|
|
|}


==== March on Washington & Martin Luther King's "I have a dream" speech ====
==== March on Washington & Martin Luther King's "I have a dream" speech ====
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