View source for US History timeline & concept chart: 1789-1860 Early Republic to Antebellum

=== Louisiana Purchase, 1802 ===
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* Secretary of State James Monroe was sent to France to negotiate purchase of Louisiana Territory
* the primary American goal was to gain full control of the Mississippi River 
** the Spanish had acquired Louisiana in 1762 from the French following the French-Indian War
** the French regained the territory in 1800 under Napoleon
*** Haitian rebellion impact: 
*** = successful slave revolt establishing Haitian independence
*** the French army sent to put down the rebellion was the largest European army ever sent to the Americas
*** with loss of Haiti, the French no longer needed New Orleans as a shipping point for Haitian trade
* France offered to sell it for $15 million
* the "territory" was loosely defined 
** the sovereignty conveyed (delivered) by the Purchase 
*** = a "preemptive" right to the territory over other colonial powers 
*** and the authority over other colonial powers to obtain the lands in the territory from Native Americans by treaty or conquest
* Federalists opposed it because it would eventually add more southern states 
* Jefferson based power to purchase on executive powers of diplomacy
* Lewis & Clark Expedition
** to explore new territory
** to identify natural geography & landscapes
** to establish inland route to the Pacific Ocean
** the Purchase did not include modern Oregon & Washington state territories, which were negotiated later w/ Britain 
*** in the '''Treaty of 1818''' regarding the northern border of modern MN, ND, & MO which established the 49th parallel as the US-Canadian border 
*** and in the 
** the south and western borders were negotiated with Spain along with American acquisition of Florida in the 1819 '''Adams-Onis Treaty" w/ Spain