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US History timeline & concept chart: 1754-1789 French-Indian War to American Revolution, Articles of Confederation & Constitutional Convention: Difference between revisions
US History timeline & concept chart: 1754-1789 French-Indian War to American Revolution, Articles of Confederation & Constitutional Convention (view source)
Revision as of 16:11, 30 April 2024
, 30 April→French Indian War aftermath & end of salutary neglect
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* causes, motives, and philosophical underpinnings Constitutional Convention | * causes, motives, and philosophical underpinnings Constitutional Convention | ||
* nature and workings of compromise in the proposed Constitution | * nature and workings of compromise in the proposed Constitution | ||
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== French-Indian War, 1754-1763 == | == French-Indian War, 1754-1763 == | ||
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! style="width:60%" cell |'''Notes & connections: details of issues, concepts, themes & events''' | ! style="width:60%" cell |'''Notes & connections: details of issues, concepts, themes & events''' | ||
|- style="padding: 15px" | |- style="padding: 15px" | ||
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*1763 end of Seven Years War | *1763 end of Seven Years War | ||
*1763 Treaty of Paris | *1763 Treaty of Paris | ||
*1763 Royal Proclamation of 1763 <br><br> | *1763 Royal Proclamation of 1763 <br><br> | ||
*1764 Sugar Act | *1764 Sugar Act | ||
* | *1766 Declaratory Act | ||
*1767 Townsend Acts<br><br><br> | |||
*17xx xxxx<br><br> | *17xx xxxx<br><br> | ||
*note spacing between lines using <nowiki><br><br></nowiki> code | *note spacing between lines using <nowiki><br><br></nowiki> code | ||
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=== | ===French-Indian wars=== | ||
* | *continuation of ongoing frontier conflicts | ||
=== | *and French and English alliances with Native American tribes/ confederations | ||
* | *French-Indian War of 1754-63 was the 4th "Intercolonial War" following King William's War (1688-1697), Queen Anne's War (1702-13) and King George's War (1744-1748) | ||
===Seven Years War=== | |||
*leads to global conflict | |||
*France surrendered New France to Britain in 1760 | |||
**approx. 70,000 French colonists now under British rule | |||
**mostly in Canada | |||
**New France included all French colonial claims between the Appalachians and the Mississippi River | |||
*consequences of British victory: | |||
**Britain gains Canada, Ohio Valley and Florida (all lands east of the Mississippi river) | |||
** | |||
**France ceded Louisiana (lands west of the Mississippi) to Spain | |||
**Spain ceded Florida to Britain in exchange for return of British-captured Havana, Cuba | |||
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''' | '''European and tribal alliances''' | ||
* | *generally, | ||
' | **French aligned with | ||
**English aligned with | |||
*Native American tribes | |||
[[File:QueenAnnesWarBefore.svg|350 px|Map of North America in 1702 showing forts, towns and (in solid colors) areas occupied by European settlements]][[File:Nouvelle-France map-en.svg|350 px|Map of European colonies in North America, c. 1750. Disputes over territorial claims persisted after the end of King George's War in 1748.]][[File:NorthAmerica1763-A.png|350 px|The resulting peace dramatically changed the political landscape of North America, with New France ceded to the British and the Spanish.]] | |||
*details here | *details here | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| Sugar Act of 1764 | |||
* | |||
| | |||
*marked shift in British tax policy from protectionist mercantilism to the imperial system of revenue maximization | |||
* the tax on molasses was reduced by half under the theory that the lower rate would yield higher compliance and thus more revenue | |||
* the main problem the Act attempted to address was ongoing smuggling of sugar, molassas and rum (trade without paying duties or going through customs offices) between the American colonies and French, Spanish and Dutch colonies in the Caribbean | |||
* the Sugar Act of was modifed in 1766 | |||
|- | |||
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|Stamp Act of 1765 | |||
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* tax on any official documentation that required a "stamp" (official seal), inlcluding legal or commercial documents, contracts, licenses, wills, mortgages, publications, advertisements, playing cards (!) | |||
* the revenue was to be used in the colonies from which it was collected | |||
* the tax was to be paid in "specie" (gold or silver) | |||
* offenders were to be tried in "Admiralty Courts" (not colonial courts) | |||
* sparked protest and the "Stamp Act Congress" in New York | |||
* repealed in 1766 | |||
|- | |||
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|Declaratory Act | |||
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|- | |||
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|Townsend Act | |||
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|- | |||
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|Quebec Act of 1774 | |||
|>> to add from wikipedia: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|Quebec Act of 1774 is passed by the Parliament of Great Britain outlining how the Province of Quebec would be governed as colony, in an attempt to address damage to the economy/society of Quebec. Old boundaries were restored, free practice of Catholicism was guaranteed, and property and civil laws were to be decided according to traditional Canadian laws (thus preserving the Seigneurial system of New France for land ownership), with other matters of law left to English Common Law. The province was left to be governed by a legislative council, with no provision for an elected assembly. | |||
|} | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|"Intolerable Acts" 1774 | |||
|from bing to sort | |||
'''Intolerable Acts (1774):''' | |||
* Also known as the '''Coercive Acts''', these were a series of '''four punitive measures''' enacted by the British Parliament in retaliation for acts of colonial resistance. | |||
* Alongside the Intolerable Acts, the '''Quebec Act''' was also passed, which established a new administration for the territory ceded to Britain after the French and Indian War (1754–63). | |||
* The main force of these actions fell on '''Boston''', which was perceived as the center of colonial hostility. | |||
* The four Intolerable Acts were: | |||
** '''Boston Port Act''': This act closed Boston’s harbor until restitution was made for the destroyed tea during the '''Boston Tea Party''' (1773). | |||
** '''Massachusetts Government Act''': It abrogated Massachusetts’ colonial charter, reduced it to a crown colony, and replaced the elective local council with an appointive one. | |||
** '''Administration of Justice Act''': Aimed at protecting British officials charged with capital offenses during law enforcement, it allowed them to be tried in England or another colony. | |||
** '''Quartering Act''': This new version revived the indignation surrounding the earlier Quartering Act, allowing British troops to requisition unoccupied buildings for housing in all of British America12 | |||
|} | |} | ||
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*17xx xxxx<br><br> | *17xx xxxx<br><br> | ||
*note spacing between lines using <nowiki><br><br></nowiki> code | *note spacing between lines using <nowiki><br><br></nowiki> code | ||
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===subsection 1=== | ===subsection 1=== | ||
*Major Events here | *Major Events here | ||
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*timeline here<br><br> | *timeline here<br><br> | ||
* | *1781 Articles of Confederation ratified | ||
*1783 Newburgh Conspiracy<br><br> | |||
*17xx xxxx<br><br> | *17xx xxxx<br><br> | ||
*note spacing between lines using <nowiki><br><br></nowiki> code | *note spacing between lines using <nowiki><br><br></nowiki> code | ||
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=== | ===Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation=== | ||
* | *super-majority requirements = empowers small faction (gives veto-power to just a couple states; = "rule by lowest common denominator") | ||
===subsection | ===subsection=== | ||
*Major Events here | *Major Events here | ||
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