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US History timeline & concept chart: 16th-18th centuries (to 1754) British-American colonies: Difference between revisions

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US History timeline & concept chart: 16th-18th centuries (to 1754) British-American colonies (view source)

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* Protestant Reformation propels European nationalism  
* Protestant Reformation propels European nationalism  
* Henry VIII’s break from Catholic Church & create Church of England ("Anglican church")
* Henry VIII’s break from Catholic Church & create Church of England ("Anglican church")
** the break ensures English-Spanish/French competition / wars
* Protestant movements diverge into sects and opposing theologies
* Rhode Island was started by Puritan Roger Williams who was exiled from Massachusetts  
* Rhode Island was started by Puritan Roger Williams who was exiled from Massachusetts  
** Williams named Rhode Island "Providence Plantation" and established religious tolerance
** Williams named Rhode Island "Providence Plantation" and established religious tolerance
* English Civil War, 1642–1651 = religious conflict that spills over to colonies
** Charles I executed in 1649
** the war continued until 1651 when Charles II was exiled
** "Royalists" v. "Parliamentarians"
* 1649-1653 Oliver Cromwell & the Commonwealth of England (Protestant rule)
** the Commonwealth marked by political dissention
** only Cromwell held it together, falling apart a year after his death in 1658 and his son's unsuccessful rule
** "Restoration" of Charles II in 1660
* 1688-1689 "Glorious Revolution
** James II (followed Charles II) deposed after imposing authoritarian rule
*** James II was Catholic
** William of Orange invades and takes crown as co-regent with Mary II (daughter of James II; she was an Anglican not a Catholic)
** Tolerance Act of 1688: religious rights to non-conformist protestants
** English Bill of Rights of 1689: clarified royal succession & protected certain rights of citizens
* see also  Thirty Years' War, 1618–1648
* American colonial anti-Catholicism drives colonial identity and serves as catalyst for American Revolution following British take-over of French-Canadian Catholic provinces in Canada
* Protestant objections to centralized Church of England doctrine leads to the splinter religious movement known generally as Puritans and their offshoots, including the Brownists, (from which the Pilgrims arose), Quakers, Levelers, Anabaptists, etc.
* 1636 Rhode Island passed acts to prohibit religious persecution of "non-Trinitarians"
** "Trinitarian" refers to believers of the "Holy Trinity", which is a core Catholic belief
** Rhode Island is considered the first government to separate "Church and State"
* 1649 Maryland passed the Maryland Toleration Act to enforce religious tolerance for Catholics ("Trinitarians")
** the Rhode Island and Maryland laws explicitly protected only Christians
*** after the English Restoration, Rhode Island welcomed Quakers, Jews and others seeking religious liberty
'''DETAILS'''
'''DETAILS'''
=== Protestant Reformation ===
* creates conflict between Catholics & protestants
* Protestant Reformation propels European nationalism
=== Henry VIII ===
* Henry VIII’s break from Catholic Church & create Church of England ("Anglican church")
** the break ensures English-Spanish/French competition / wars
=== Thirty Years War, 1618-1648 ===
=== Thirty Years War, 1618-1648 ===
* European war between Catholic and protestant nations & regions, mostly in central Europe
* European war between Catholic and protestant nations & regions, mostly in central Europe
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* headright system was mostly used in central Atlantic colonies
* headright system was mostly used in central Atlantic colonies
** system was used must less in New England  
** system was used must less in New England  
=== population growth & demographics of early colonists ===
* of approx 500,000 European migrants to the American colonies before 1775, approx:
** 55,000 were prisoners
** 215,000 came as indentured servants
*** 75% of those were under the age of 25
**** most of the indentured children were related to the sponsor
** see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indentured_servitude#North_America


=== colony of Maryland ===
=== colony of Maryland ===
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'''DETAILS'''
'''DETAILS'''
=== British colonial population growth===
=== British colonial population growth & demographics===
** 1625: 2,000
** 1625: 2,000
** 1775: 2.4 million
** 1775: 2.4 million
* from 1530-1680 200,000 immigrants arrived to the colonies
* from 1530-1680 200,000 immigrants arrived to the colonies
* of approx 500,000 European migrants to the American colonies before 1775, approx:
** 55,000 were prisoners
** 215,000 came as indentured servants
*** 75% of those were under the age of 25
**** most of the indentured children were related to the sponsor
* demographic impact
* demographic impact
** increasing diversity of migrants from England, Scotland, Ireland, Germany
** increasing diversity of migrants from England, Scotland, Ireland, Germany
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** headright system & indentured servitude led to diverse economic class
** headright system & indentured servitude led to diverse economic class
** African slavery
** African slavery
** 1630-1770s, 1/2 to 2/3rds of European migrants to the American colonies came as indentured servants
** 1630-1770s, 1/2 to 2/3rds of European migrants to the American colonies came as indentured servants
 
* see
https://web.viu.ca/davies/H320/population.colonies.htm
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indentured_servitude#North_America
** https://web.viu.ca/davies/H320/population.colonies.htm


* '''Joint-stock company'''
* '''Joint-stock company'''
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=== Bacon's Rebellion ===
=== Bacon's Rebellion ===
=== slavery ===
=== slavery ===
*
>> to do
**** known as the "Second Atlantic system" was focused on Caribbean destinations
***** slave trade grew in American colonies in 1670s, especially in Carolina and Georgia colonies
**** coincided with Indian slavery in Carolinas and Georgia
***** between 1670 and 1715 an estimated 24,000-51,000 Native Americans were shipped to Caribbean sugar plantations from South Carolina
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'''BIG IDEAS'''
'''BIG IDEAS'''
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