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U.S. Constitution study guide: Difference between revisions
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[[Constitution (US)|Constitution]] of the United States | [[Constitution (US)|Constitution]] of the United States | ||
>> to do: | |||
* complete hover notes | |||
* amendments 11-28 | |||
* complete [bracketing out] amended sections of original Constitution | |||
* notes: | * notes: | ||
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Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to law. | Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to law. | ||
=== {{#tip-text:Section 4.|protects the powers of states to elect Senators | === {{#tip-text:Section 4.| | ||
* this section was amended by the Seventeenth Amendment}}=== | * protects the powers of states to elect Senators | ||
* this section was amended by the Seventeenth Amendment}} (rules governing timing of sessions of Congress)=== | |||
The Times, Places, and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of choosing Senators. | The Times, Places, and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of choosing Senators. | ||
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=== {{#tip-text: Section 5.| | === {{#tip-text: Section 5.| | ||
affirms independence of each house in protection of interference upon one another | affirms independence of each house in protection of interference upon one another | ||
* an important element of the checks and balances, even within the legislature itself}} (=== | * an important element of the checks and balances, even within the legislature itself}} (protects independence of each house of Congress)=== | ||
Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns, and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a | Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns, and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a | ||
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* super-majorities require a larger consensus (general agreement) and are therefore important constraints against the power of a simple majority | * super-majorities require a larger consensus (general agreement) and are therefore important constraints against the power of a simple majority | ||
** likewise, super-majorities empower a minority, generally to be able to block votes or laws that a simple majority would otherwise enact | ** likewise, super-majorities empower a minority, generally to be able to block votes or laws that a simple majority would otherwise enact | ||
* see article here on '''Majority v super-majority vote''' article}} ''', expel a Member. | * see article here on '''[[Majority v super-majority vote]]''' article}} ''', expel a Member. | ||
Each House shall keep a '''{{#tip-text: journal of its Proceedings| | Each House shall keep a '''{{#tip-text: journal of its Proceedings| | ||
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* these seemingly innocuous requirements are in directly response to the abuses of the English kings upon Parliament, of Parliament itself, and of the abuses upon the Americans in their colonial governments}}''', and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the journal. | * these seemingly innocuous requirements are in directly response to the abuses of the English kings upon Parliament, of Parliament itself, and of the abuses upon the Americans in their colonial governments}}''', and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the journal. | ||
Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. | Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the '''{{#tip-text: Consent| | ||
= agreeing with or allowing}}''' of the other, '''{{#tip-text: adjourn| | |||
'''adjournment''' or "to adjourn" = either | |||
* a temporary suspension during a session of Congress | |||
* or an end to a session of Congress | |||
** when a session has ended, it is called a recess | |||
* the protection is against one house arbitrarily (outside of rules) adjourning in order to stop legislation from passing | |||
** again, it is an important protection derived from the American colonial and British Civil War experiences}}''' for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. | |||
=== Section 6.=== | === {{#tip-text: Section 6.| | ||
* protects members of Congress from political persecution and prohibits them from holding other offices}} (protections against persecution and limits on holding office for Members of Congress)=== | |||
The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place. | The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place. | ||