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=== Independent clause === | === Independent clause === | ||
* "'''Independent Clause'''" (IC) is a complete sentence and thought | * "'''Independent Clause'''" (IC) is a complete sentence and thought | ||
** IC contains SUBJECT VERB | ** IC contains SUBJECT VERB at a minimum (SV) | ||
** IC usually contains SUBJECT VERB OBJECT | ** IC usually contains SUBJECT VERB OBJECT (SVO) | ||
** since SUBJECT VERB OBJECT form the core of a sentence there is no punctuation separating them, with the following exceptions: | ** since SUBJECT VERB OBJECT form the core of a sentence there is no punctuation separating them, with the following exceptions: | ||
# parenthetical information (commas, dashes and parentheses) can separate SVO from each other | |||
* click EXPAND for examples | ** i.e., S (parenthetical info) V (parenthetical info) O | ||
# lists of SVO | |||
* click EXPAND for examples of parenthetical separation of S from V and O: | |||
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | ||
* ex. Alex, an experienced pilot, landed the plane expertly. | * parentheses: (parenthetical info) V (parenthetical info) O | ||
* commas: S, parenthetical info, V, parenthetical info, O | |||
* dashes: S -- parenthetical info -- V -- parenthetical info -- O | |||
* ex. "Alex, an experienced pilot, landed the plane expertly." | |||
*** S= Alex V= landed O= plane | *** S= Alex V= landed O= plane | ||
** other parenthetical punctuation: | ** other parenthetical punctuation: | ||
** Alex (an experienced pilot) landed the plane expertly. | ** "Alex (an experienced pilot) landed the plane expertly." | ||
*** Alex -- an experienced pilot -- landed the plane expertly. | *** "Alex -- an experienced pilot -- landed the plane expertly." | ||
** two commas, two dashes or two parentheses = parenthetical phrase | ** two commas, two dashes or two parentheses = parenthetical phrase | ||
*** ex. Alex, and experienced pilot, landed, for the second time that day, the plane expertly. | *** ex. Alex, and experienced pilot, landed, for the second time that day, the plane expertly. | ||
***** this is an awkward sentence but using it here to demonstrate how commas can separate a SUBJECT VERB OBJECT if used parenthetically | ***** this is an awkward sentence but using it here to demonstrate how commas can separate a SUBJECT VERB OBJECT if used parenthetically | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
* click EXPAND for example of SVO lists: | |||
* click EXPAND for | |||
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | ||
* ex. | * S, S V O | ||
* S, S and S V and V O | |||
* S, S and S V, and V O | |||
* S, S and S V, V and V O and O | |||
* S, S and S V, V and V O, O and O | |||
** note that with commas that separate a subject, verb, and/or object the final word in the list must not be separated from the related S V or O | |||
*ex. | |||
** "Alex, Nia, and Joan are all experienced pilots" | |||
** "Alex, Nia, and Joan relied on, used, and proved their skills by landing their planes expertly" | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
=== Dependent clause === | === Dependent clause === | ||
* "'''Dependent Clause'''" (DC) is not complete sentence and thought | * "'''Dependent Clause'''" (DC) is not complete sentence and thought | ||
** also called "subordinate clause" | ** also called "subordinate clause" | ||
=== Subordinating conjunctions | ** DC lacks either a SUBJECT or a VERB | ||
=== Subordinating conjunction === | |||
* Subordinating conjunction "subordinates" an IC into a DC | |||
** i.e, (SC) renders or turns an IC into a DC | |||
** the reason is the the SC creates the need for additional information after the SVO | |||
** ex. "I love baseball" = a complete sentence and thought | |||
** by adding a SC to the sentence, it is no longer a complete thought: | |||
** ex. "Since I love baseball" | |||
*** "Since" = SC and it "subordinates the IC "I love baseball" by creating the need for additional information in order to complete the thought: | |||
*** "Since I love baseball, I watch it every chance I get." | |||
* See here list of and more on [[Subordinating conjunctions]] | |||
== Sentence placement == | == Sentence placement == | ||