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* rules for logic & chronology | * rules for logic & chronology | ||
== Common errors == | == Common errors == | ||
=== adverbs used to combine independent clauses === | === adverbs used to combine independent clauses === | ||
* adverbs and other transition words are not coordinating conjunctions that combine independent clauses | * adverbs and other transition words are not coordinating conjunctions that combine independent clauses | ||
* especially "however," which cannot combine independent clauses | * especially "however," which cannot combine independent clauses | ||
=== emphasis shift === | === emphasis shift === | ||
logical usage | logical usage | ||
=== grammatical usage === | |||
* misplaced or dangling modifier | |||
=== object preposition mistaken for subject === | === object preposition mistaken for subject === | ||
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**** ''The dog chewed on a bone and a toy and then slept.'' | **** ''The dog chewed on a bone and a toy and then slept.'' | ||
==== subject-verb mismatch & parallelism | === punctuation & combining clauses & phrases === | ||
* comma splice | |||
* run-on sentence | |||
=== punctuation between restrictive (necessary) sentence elements === | |||
* "restrictive" sentence elements are not separated from one another by punctuation | |||
* SAT will often add a colon, comma or semicolon between restrictive sentence elements: | |||
* ex. | |||
** ''The doctor explained that: the problem is severe'' | |||
*** incorrect colon separating "that" (dependent clause conjunction) from "the problem" | |||
*** here "that" is a conjunction that combines the independent clause "the doctor explained" with the dependent clause "the problem is severe" | |||
=== subject-verb mismatch & parallelism === | |||
* verb tense switch in same sentence | * verb tense switch in same sentence | ||
** maintain parallel or logically consistent verb tense | ** maintain parallel or logically consistent verb tense |