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click EXPAND to see what COMMAS do & how to eliminate using the rule/s: | click EXPAND to see what COMMAS do & how to eliminate using the rule/s: | ||
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> | ||
# | # combine IC , DC, or DC, IC | ||
* or IC, phrase or phrase, IC | #*# or IC, phrase or phrase, IC | ||
# combine ICs | # combine ICs | ||
* | #*# ''with a coordinating conjunction'', i.e., IC, and IC | ||
# separate lists (subjects, verbs, objects) | # separate lists (subjects, verbs, objects) | ||
* ex.: S, S and S V, V O, O and O | #*# ex.: S, S and S V, V O, O and O | ||
# act parenthetically | # act parenthetically | ||
* ", .... ," ( like these parentheses ) | #*# ", .... ," ( like these parentheses ) | ||
# introduce a direct quotation | # introduce a direct quotation | ||
* ex. "The judge declared, "Guilty!" | #*# ex. "The judge declared, "Guilty!" | ||
* elimination: | * elimination: | ||
** commas can only separate a S-V or V-O if acting parenthetically (see below for examples) | ** commas can only separate a S-V or V-O if acting parenthetically (see below for examples) |