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SAT Reading section historical timeline & themes: Difference between revisions
SAT Reading section historical timeline & themes (view source)
Revision as of 20:54, 21 April 2024
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[[category:SAT exam prep]] | [[category:SAT exam prep]] | ||
[[category:SAT Reading]] | [[category:SAT Reading]] | ||
{{New SAT test disclaimer}} | |||
* This entry is a subpage of [[SAT Reading section techniques, strategies & approaches]] | * This entry is a subpage of [[SAT Reading section techniques, strategies & approaches]] | ||
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*** "Reconstruction" = the period from 1865-1877, during which Union armies occupied the South and enforced "reconstruction" era protections of the rights of the former slaves | *** "Reconstruction" = the period from 1865-1877, during which Union armies occupied the South and enforced "reconstruction" era protections of the rights of the former slaves | ||
*** Reconstruction failed to fully implement those laws, and "segregation" | *** Reconstruction failed to fully implement those laws, and "segregation" | ||
* '''disenfranchised''' | |||
** = not having the vote (franchise) | |||
* dissent | |||
** = disagreement, usually regarding official policy | |||
* '''domestic''' | |||
** in politics/ economics = the homeland, or "home" politics, economy, etc. | |||
* '''franchise''' | |||
** = the vote, the right to vote | |||
* '''imperialism''' | * '''imperialism''' | ||
* '''"Manifest destiny"''' = movement for U.S. westward expansion across the continent (term coined in 1845) | * '''"Manifest destiny"''' = movement for U.S. westward expansion across the continent (term coined in 1845) | ||
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** in the U.S., the 18th amendment banned the manufacture and sale of alcohol (1917) | ** in the U.S., the 18th amendment banned the manufacture and sale of alcohol (1917) | ||
*** the 21st amendment repealed the 18th amendment (1933) | *** the 21st amendment repealed the 18th amendment (1933) | ||
* '''"republican motherhood"''' | |||
* '''states rights''' | |||
** the that states have distinct powers and laws from the federal government | |||
*** or, = an assertion of those powers over federal power | |||
*** related to "nullification" and the "nullification crisis" | |||
**** = when a state "nullifies" a federal law | |||
**** = a crisis because it puts state power above federal power (in violation of the "Supremacy cause") | |||
* '''suffrage''' = "the vote" or the right to vote | * '''suffrage''' = "the vote" or the right to vote | ||
** the 15th amendment guaranteed the right to vote for male former slaves (1869) | ** the 15th amendment guaranteed the right to vote for male former slaves (1869) | ||
** women who championed or protested for the vote between the Civil War and 1919 were known as "'''Suffragettes'''" | ** women who championed or protested for the vote between the Civil War and 1919 were known as "'''Suffragettes'''" | ||
* '''suffragette''' = a woman who advocated, often in public protest, for women's suffrage | |||
* '''tariff''' = import duties (taxes) | |||
** the tariff was a dominant political issue in the first +/- 120 years of the country | |||
*** low tariff advocates tended to be states that exported agricultural products (esp. cotton) and imported manufactured goods | |||
**** early Democrats (Jeffersonians) were anti-tariff | |||
**** low-tariff advocates argue/argued that import taxes punish consumers and create high prices of domestic as well as foreign goods | |||
*** high-tariff advocates tended to be manufacturing states | |||
**** Whigs (Hamiltonians) and early Republicans were pro-tariff | |||
**** high-tariff advocates were/ are called "protectionists" in that they want to "protect" American industry and jobs from foreign competition (imports) | |||
* '''temperance''' or '''temperance movement''' = anti-alcohol / prohibition of alcohol movements | * '''temperance''' or '''temperance movement''' = anti-alcohol / prohibition of alcohol movements | ||
* '''women's suffrage''' = right to vote for women | * '''women's suffrage''' = right to vote for women | ||
** in U.S. the 19th Amendment guaranteed the right of women to vote (1919) | ** in U.S. the 19th Amendment guaranteed the right of women to vote (1919) | ||
* women's rights = | * '''women's rights''' = | ||
**the 19th Amendment guaranteed <u>political equality</u> for women, but not equality in economics, education, etc. | **the 19th Amendment guaranteed <u>political equality</u> for women, but not equality in economics, education, etc. | ||
** so passages on women's rights after 1919 will focus on those aspects of equality, not suffrage | ** so passages on women's rights after 1919 will focus on those aspects of equality, not suffrage | ||
* | * | ||
== Historical actors to know == | == Historical actors to know == | ||
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** supported U.S. colonies against British suppression of colonial dissent | ** supported U.S. colonies against British suppression of colonial dissent | ||
*** articulated theory of "salutary neglect" which argued that direct British control of the American colonies was undesirable, whereas when British policies towards the colonies were hands-off, it constituted "salutary" or healthy, neglect | *** articulated theory of "salutary neglect" which argued that direct British control of the American colonies was undesirable, whereas when British policies towards the colonies were hands-off, it constituted "salutary" or healthy, neglect | ||
* '''Frederick | * '''Frederick Douglass''', 1818-1895 | ||
** born in slavery, escaped slavery and became nation's prominent abolitionist and civil rights advocate | ** born in slavery, escaped slavery and became nation's prominent abolitionist and civil rights advocate | ||
* '''Stephen Douglas''', 1813-1861 | * '''Stephen Douglas''', 1813-1861 | ||
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* '''John Stuart Mill''', 1806-1873 | * '''John Stuart Mill''', 1806-1873 | ||
** British politician, philosopher; supported women's suffrage; proponent of utilitarianism (the idea of maximal "utility" to create maximum benefit) | ** British politician, philosopher; supported women's suffrage; proponent of utilitarianism (the idea of maximal "utility" to create maximum benefit) | ||
* '''Thomas Paine''' | |||
** radical, pro-revolution | |||
** wrote "Common Sense" | |||
* '''Elizabeth Cady Stanton''', 1815-1902 | * '''Elizabeth Cady Stanton''', 1815-1902 | ||
** women's suffrage; organizer of the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention | ** women's suffrage; organizer of the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention | ||