Non-finite verbs & the "verbiness" of participles gerunds infinitives worksheet: Difference between revisions

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== Example ==
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|+Present and Past Participles: finite and non-finite forms
|+Present and Past Participles: finite and non-finite forms
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== '''Non-Finite Verbs & “Verbiness” of participles, gerunds and infinitives''' ==
== Finite v. Non-Finite Verbs ==
'''Finite verb''' = action verb
'''Finite verb''' = action verb


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·      also called “verbals”
·      also called “verbals”


== Participle ==
'''Participle''' = present continuous (-ing) or simple past (-ed) tense of a verb
'''Participle''' = present continuous (-ing) or simple past (-ed) tense of a verb


·       ''can be a finite or non-finite verb''
·       ''can be a finite or non-finite verb''
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== Non-finite verb forms: ==
== Non-finite verb forms: ==
·      '''present participle''' = -''ing''
·      '''present participle''' = '''-''ing'''''


·      = an adjective (“present participle adjective”)
·      = an adjective (“present participle adjective”)


·      or a noun (“gerund”)
or
 
·      = a noun (“gerund”)
 




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·      '''infinitive''' = “to” form of a verb
·      '''infinitive''' = “to” form of a verb
·      as in "to go" or "to enjoy"


·      “infinitive” is from Latin for “indefinite” or “unrestricted” because the verb form is not tied to a specific case (person or number)
·      “infinitive” is from Latin for “indefinite” or “unrestricted” because the verb form is not tied to a specific case (person or number)
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''Learning grammar is boring, but to know a little is quite useful''
''Learning grammar is boring, but to know a little is quite useful''
* "learning" = gerund (noun)
** "grammar" = the object of the gerund "learning
* "is" = finite verb
** the subject of "is" is the gerund (non-finitve verb) "learning"
* "to know" = infinitive
** "to know" is acting as a noun and is the subject of the verb of the second clause "is"
*** "a little" is a compound adverb that modifies "to know"


whereas both “learning” and “to know” are the subjects (nouns) of the two verbs “is”, they convey the action of learning and knowing.
whereas both “learning” and “to know” are the subjects (nouns) of the two verbs “is”, they convey the action of learning and knowing.


Additionally, while non-finite verbs do not have a subject, they maintain the grammatical properties of finite verbs of objects and complements. Thus, in
Additionally, while non-finite verbs do not have a subject, they maintain the grammatical properties of finite verbs of objects and complements. Thus, in
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Let’s see how:
Let’s see how:


== ''Verbiness'' of Participle Adjectives: ==
== Verbiness of Participle Adjectives: ==
- participle adjective indicating an action:
- participle adjective indicating an action:


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·      “to my house” = prepositional phrase
·      “to my house” = prepositional phrase


== ''Verbiness'' of Gerunds: ==
== Verbiness of Gerunds: ==




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             '''''Cooking''''' ''takes practice''
             '''''Cooking''''' ''takes practice''


·      “cooking” = subject (noun) but still indicates the action of “cook”
·      “cooking” = subject (a noun)  
 
·      but it still retains a sense of the action of “to cook”, even though it is not a direct action with a subject


- gerund with an object:
- gerund with an object:
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== Worksheet printout ==
== Worksheet printout ==
[[File:https://school4schools.wiki/w/images/4/43/Verbiness_of_participles_gerunds_infinitives_%284-3-2023%29.pdf]]
[[File:Verbiness of participles gerunds infinitives.pdf]]




[[Category:Grammar]]
[[Category:Grammar]]
[[Category:Parts of speech]]
[[Category:Parts of speech]]