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Non-finite verbs & the "verbiness" of participles gerunds infinitives worksheet: Difference between revisions
Non-finite verbs & the "verbiness" of participles gerunds infinitives worksheet (view source)
Revision as of 23:49, 26 February 2024
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== Example == | |||
{| class="wikitable"; | {| class="wikitable"; | ||
|+Past | |+Present and Past Participles: finite and non-finite forms | ||
! rowspan="2" |Past | ! rowspan="2" |Past | ||
Participle | Participle | ||
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<small>(does not have a subject)</small> | <small>(does not have a subject)</small> | ||
!Spending so much money on new phones is annoying | !Spending so much money on new phones is annoying | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Finite v. Non-Finite Verbs == | |||
'''Finite verb''' = action verb | '''Finite verb''' = action verb | ||
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· also called “verbals” | · also called “verbals” | ||
== Participle == | |||
'''Participle''' = present continuous (-ing) or simple past (-ed) tense of a verb | '''Participle''' = present continuous (-ing) or simple past (-ed) tense of a verb | ||
· ''can be a finite or non-finite verb'' | · ''can be a finite or non-finite verb'' | ||
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== Non-finite verb forms: == | == Non-finite verb forms: == | ||
· '''present participle''' = -''ing'' | · '''present participle''' = '''-''ing''''' | ||
· = an adjective (“present participle adjective”) | · = an adjective (“present participle adjective”) | ||
· | or | ||
· = a noun (“gerund”) | |||
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· '''infinitive''' = “to” form of a verb | · '''infinitive''' = “to” form of a verb | ||
· as in "to go" or "to enjoy" | |||
· “infinitive” is from Latin for “indefinite” or “unrestricted” because the verb form is not tied to a specific case (person or number) | · “infinitive” is from Latin for “indefinite” or “unrestricted” because the verb form is not tied to a specific case (person or number) | ||
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''Learning grammar is boring, but to know a little is quite useful'' | ''Learning grammar is boring, but to know a little is quite useful'' | ||
* "learning" = gerund (noun) | |||
** "grammar" = the object of the gerund "learning | |||
* "is" = finite verb | |||
** the subject of "is" is the gerund (non-finitve verb) "learning" | |||
* "to know" = infinitive | |||
** "to know" is acting as a noun and is the subject of the verb of the second clause "is" | |||
*** "a little" is a compound adverb that modifies "to know" | |||
whereas both “learning” and “to know” are the subjects (nouns) of the two verbs “is”, they convey the action of learning and knowing. | whereas both “learning” and “to know” are the subjects (nouns) of the two verbs “is”, they convey the action of learning and knowing. | ||
Additionally, while non-finite verbs do not have a subject, they maintain the grammatical properties of finite verbs of objects and complements. Thus, in | Additionally, while non-finite verbs do not have a subject, they maintain the grammatical properties of finite verbs of objects and complements. Thus, in | ||
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Let’s see how: | Let’s see how: | ||
== | == Verbiness of Participle Adjectives: == | ||
- participle adjective indicating an action: | - participle adjective indicating an action: | ||
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· “to my house” = prepositional phrase | · “to my house” = prepositional phrase | ||
== | == Verbiness of Gerunds: == | ||
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'''''Cooking''''' ''takes practice'' | '''''Cooking''''' ''takes practice'' | ||
· “cooking” = subject (noun) | · “cooking” = subject (a noun) | ||
· but it still retains a sense of the action of “to cook”, even though it is not a direct action with a subject | |||
- gerund with an object: | - gerund with an object: | ||
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== Worksheet printout == | == Worksheet printout == | ||
[[File: | [[File:Verbiness of participles gerunds infinitives.pdf]] | ||
[[Category:Grammar]] | [[Category:Grammar]] | ||
[[Category:Parts of speech]] | [[Category:Parts of speech]] | ||