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List of word parts of speech & their grammar rules: Difference between revisions

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List of word parts of speech & their grammar rules (view source)

Revision as of 04:00, 5 February 2023

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* in general
* in general
** indicates a purpose or reason for
** indicates a purpose or reason, an extent, or a confirmation of something
* adjective to mean "true"
** "that is so"
* adverb
* adverb
** in order to
** in order to
* conjunction
* conjunction
** as coordinating conjunction (combines independent clauses)
*** = "with the result that"
*** ''I'm ready, so let's go!''
** as subordinate conjunction
** = "in order that"
*** ''So I can get up on time, I will get good sleep''
* can also act as a pronoun:
** ''that is so''
*** here, "so" = a pronoun reference to another word or idea


=== such ===
=== such ===
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** [https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/very very cambridge.org]
** [https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/very very cambridge.org]


=== when ===  
=== when ===
 
* in general, indicates a relative moment, time or condition
* subordinating conjunction:
** ''I get up when I want.''
** ''Class ended when the bell rang''
* adverb:
** ''Since when you do you care?''
 
=== which ===
=== which ===
* in general: used to refer to a previously stated noun (thing or idea) to add information
* in general: used to refer to a previously stated noun (thing or idea) to add information
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** as singular pronoun, indicates one person being addressed or mentioned
** as singular pronoun, indicates one person being addressed or mentioned
** as plural pronoun, indicates more than one person being addressed or mentioned
** as plural pronoun, indicates more than one person being addressed or mentioned
* Old English origin of "you"
* for origins of "you" in ''thee, thine, thou, ye'' see [[You origins (2nd person pronoun)]]
** from Old English "''thou''" (dative and accusative cases)
** that page contains a chart to explain the different cases of each
** or "''ye''" (objective case)
** shows their use in Shakespeare  
* [[PIE proto-Indo-European language|PIE]] origin of "you"
** second person singular: '''*tege-'''  (from which "''thou''" and "''tu''" are derived)
** second person plural: '''*yu'''
*transition from "thee" to "you"
**in Middle English, the second person plural form merged with the singular
***2nd person plural was original used for both plural "you" and out of respect to a superior "(thy")
***2nd person plural came to be used to show equal status, thus as a courtesy
 
=== "you" origins ===
 
* useful for Shakespeare "you" translations
 
{| class="wikitable"
!
!2nd person case
! colspan="2" |Nominative
(subject)
! colspan="2" |Indicative
(a command)
! colspan="2" |Accusative
(also "objective" for direct object)
! colspan="2" |Dative
(indirect object)
! colspan="2" |Genetive
(possessive)
!Reflexive
!
|-
!
!
!singular
!plural
!singular
!plural
!singular
!plural
!singular
!plural
!singular
!plural
!
!
|-
|you
|singular or
plural
|you go
|you [all] go
|You listen!
|You [all] listen!
|he spoke to you
|he speaks to you [all]
|he gives you a horse
|he gives you (all) a horse
|your book
|[all] your book
|do it yourself
|do it yourselves
|-
|thou
|singular subjective (informal)
|thou goest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|thee
|singular objective
|
|
|
|
|he speeketh to thee
|
|he givest thee a horse
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|thy
|singular possessive
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|thy kingdom
|
|doest it thy self
|
|-
|thine
|singular possessive  of words that begin w/ a vowel
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|thine apple
|
|thine own self
|
|-
|ye
|plural subjective
(or singular formal)
|
|Ye goeth
or
My Lord, ye goeth
|Ye listen!
|Hear ye!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}


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