Globalization is the process of wider interaction and integration of people across the globe

  • globalization is distinguished from "globalism"
    • whereas globalization is the process of interactions
    • globalism is an ideology (set of beliefs) regarding worldwide integration
    • globalism seeks global unity or commonality in law, markets, governance, etc.
  • Globalization occurs in place, degree and kind
    • place = regional or inter-continental interaction and integration
    • degree = extent of interaction and integration
    • kind = economic, cultural, military

Archaic period globalization

  • "archaic" = old, or older, no longer in operation
  • technically, the archaic period is all processes of globalization up until the Age of Discovery

Early modern period of globalization

  • considered the period of 1600-1800
  • however, the Age of Discovery

charters and trade arrangements

  • imperial charters for exploration, conquest, and trade
  • settlement charters
    • Massachusetts Bay Colony
    • Virginia Company
  • trade "companies"
    • Dutch East India Company
    • British East India Company

"factories"

  • from the Latin factorium for "place of doers/ makers"
  • in trade, "factories" are trade locales
    • usually small islands, forts, or zones near ports
    • especially as created by the Portuguese "feitoria"
  • European factories were used for
    • resupply of ships
    • military presence
    • trade entrance to a larger region
  • "factor" = a commercial agent who sells goods on behalf of another
    • = middle man
    • the factor takes possession of goods and issues invoices to sellers
    • the factor does not work on behalf of the original seller of goods
      • which would be a commissioned agent
      • who sells goods and collects payments on behalf of someone else
  • factories are distinguished from colonies
    • ex. ancient Phoenician colonies were established along trade routes, especially across the Mediterranean Sea
    • while serving for resupply, military presence, and trade
    • these were actual settlements and were governed by the home country
      • some developed into independent countries, such as Carthage (a North African Phoenician colony)

early European factory system: Guilds & the Hanseatic League

  • Guild relationships depended on interconnected trade post
  • Hanseatic League created protected trade posts across northern Germany and Scandanavia

Venetian trade ports

  • Republic of Venice established resupply and trade posts across the Mediterranean, Black Sea and possibly Atlantic ports of Eureope

Modern globalization