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Catechism of the Catholic Church (view source)

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* the vocab list is purely alphabetical, so order is unrelated to importance or meaning
* the vocab list is purely alphabetical, so order is unrelated to importance or meaning
*here for a [https://www.usccb.org/resources/Reformed-Catholic%20Dialogue%20Round%208%20Final%20A%20VERSION%20October%202020%202_0.pdf Glossary of terms] from the USCCB
*here for a [https://www.usccb.org/resources/Reformed-Catholic%20Dialogue%20Round%208%20Final%20A%20VERSION%20October%202020%202_0.pdf Glossary of terms] from the USCCB
Abbreviations
* See [[Books of the Bible with abbreviations|Abbreviations of the Books of the Bible]]
* CCC = Catechism of the Catholic Church
* USCCB = United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
** all links go to USCCB website


=== A ===
=== A ===


==== Aa ====
==== Aa ====
* '''adoration'''
** divine worship
** as in "Adoration of the Cross", for veneration of the Cross
** ''ad-'' (to) + ''ōrare'' (pray)
* '''Advent'''
* '''Advent'''
** "the important coming"
** "the important coming"
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* '''''Alleluia'''''  
* '''''Alleluia'''''  
** "Praise the Lord" from Hebrew ''hallelu-ya'' for "praise Jehovah"  
** "Praise the Lord" from Hebrew ''hallelu-ya'' for "praise Jehovah"  
* '''alms'''
* '''alms / almsgiving'''  
* '''almsgiving'''
** something given as charity for the poor
** charity for the poor
** an act of mercy
** from proto-German for charity for the poor
** from OE ''ælmesse'' "charity for the poor"
*** but related to Greek  ''eleēmosynē''  for "pity, mercy"
*** related to Greek  ''eleēmosynē''  for "pity, mercy", itself from the root ''eleos''
* '''Alpha & Omega, the'''
* '''Alpha & Omega, the'''
** the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet
** the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet
** from Revelation, 1:8:  
** from Revelation, 1:8:  
  I am the Alpha and the Omega, ''the'' Beginning and ''the'' End' says the Lord, who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty
  I am the Alpha and the Omega, ''the'' Beginning and ''the'' End' says the Lord, who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty
* '''altar'''
** table upon which a sacrifice is made
*** from Latin ''adolere'' "to worship, offer or burn sacrifice/s
**** related to Latin ''altus'' for "high."
** in Church and the Mass, the altar is both "the altar of the sacrifice and the table of the Lord ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/350/ CCC 1383])
* '''amen'''
* '''amen'''
** "so be it"
** "so be it"
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** Paul in [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/1corinthians/1?20 1 Corinthians 1:20] explains:  
** Paul in [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/1corinthians/1?20 1 Corinthians 1:20] explains:  
*** "all the promises of God find their Yes in him [Christ]. That is why we utter Amen through him, to the glory of God"
*** "all the promises of God find their Yes in him [Christ]. That is why we utter Amen through him, to the glory of God"
* '''''anagogue'''''
* '''''anagogue / anagogical'''''
** Greek for "leading"
** Greek for "leading"
** "anagogical sense" of building faith / understanding the scriptures
** "anagogical sense" of building faith / understanding the scriptures
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* '''''anamnesis'''''
* '''''anamnesis'''''
** making present
** making present
** as in the presence of Christ in the Gospel reading during the Liturgy of the Word
** as in the presence of Christ in the Gospel reading during the Liturgy of the Word or the Eucharistic Prayer during the Liturgy of the Eucharist
* '''''anaphora'''''
** ''ana-'' (back, through) + phora (bear, carry)
*** from Greek ''pherein'' "to bear"
*** PIE root '''*bher-''' "to carry"
** in literature, literary technique of the use of repetition
** in the Mass, ''anaphora'' refers to the entire Eucharistic Prayer
* '''angel'''
* '''angel'''
** "messenger from God"
** "messenger from God"
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* '''apocryphia'''
* '''apocryphia'''
** religious texts of unknown or dubious origin
** religious texts of unknown or dubious origin
** are not included in the Holy scripture
** thus are not included in the Holy scripture
*** Protestants call the Deuterocanonical books "apocryphia"
* '''apologia / apologetics'''
* '''apologia / apologetics'''
** in defense or justification of faith
** in defense or justification of faith
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** Paul was also called an apostle, given his special mission as "apostle to the gentiles" (sent by Jesus Christ after the resurrection)
** Paul was also called an apostle, given his special mission as "apostle to the gentiles" (sent by Jesus Christ after the resurrection)
* '''apostolic'''
* '''apostolic'''
* archangel
** "of an apostle" or for the purpose of teaching the Word
* '''archangel'''
** ''arch-'' = "chief"
** ''arch-'' = "chief"
* '''Ascension'''
* '''Ascension'''
** the rising of the Lord Jesus Christ to heaven at Mount Olivet forty days after His Resurrection
* '''''aseitas'''''
* '''''aseitas'''''
** from Latin ''ab-'' (from) ''se'' (self)
** from Latin ''ab-'' (from) ''se'' (self)
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** from Latin ''ad-'' (to) + ''spagere'' (sprinkle)
** from Latin ''ad-'' (to) + ''spagere'' (sprinkle)
* '''Assumption'''
* '''Assumption'''
** the taking of the whole body of the Blessed Virgin Mary directly into heaven
* '''atonement'''
* '''atonement'''
** salvation through the Passion and the Cross
** salvation through the Passion and the Cross
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**** likely adopted in Greece from the city of Byblios which traded with ancient Greece
**** likely adopted in Greece from the city of Byblios which traded with ancient Greece
***** and thereby supplied Egyptian papyrus  
***** and thereby supplied Egyptian papyrus  
** note that the Catholic Church refers to the "holy books" as "Sacred Scripture" rather than "Bible"
* '''bishop'''
* '''bishop'''
** with priests, primary task is "to preach the Gospel of God to all men"
** with priests, primary task is "to preach the Gospel of God to all men"
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==== Ca ====
==== Ca ====
* '''Calvary'''
** the hill to the west of Jerusalem where Jesus was crucified
*** formally, "The Mount of Calvary"
** Calvary = "place of the skull" ("Golgotha")
*** perhaps called that because of the shape of the hill
* '''canon'''
* '''canon'''
** "a list"
** "a list"
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**** the Deuterocanonical books were affirmed by the Catholic Church starting with the Synod of Hippo in 393
**** the Deuterocanonical books were affirmed by the Catholic Church starting with the Synod of Hippo in 393
* '''cardinal'''
* '''cardinal'''
* cardinal sin
** from Greek for "pivotal" (as in a hinge)
** thus Latin ''cardo or cardinis'' for "that upon which something depends"
** uses and forms of the word include
*** the office of the "'''Cardinal'''"
**** members (up to 70) of the Sacred College appointed by the Pope whose job is to advise the Pope, govern in conjunction with the Pope and elect a new Pope
**** Cardinals are usually but not required to be Bishops
**** "'''cardinal virtues'''"
***** = the key virtues needed for moral and beatific life: ''prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance''
**** "'''cardinal sins'''"
***** mortal sins; also called the "Seven Deadly Sins" that lead to damnation
 
* '''casuistri'''
* '''casuistri'''
** << see CCC 579
** << see CCC 579
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** ''catechist'' is the teacher of the catechesis
** ''catechist'' is the teacher of the catechesis
** ''catechumen'' is the student
** ''catechumen'' is the student
* '''cathedra / cathedral'''
* '''cathedral'''
** church of a bishop
** church of a bishop
** note: cardinals are assigned a church in Rome, but keep their home cathedra
*** note: cardinals are assigned a church in Rome, but keep their home cathedra
** from Latin ''cathedra'' for "a teacher's chair"
*** thus the seat of the Bishop
*** in a church, the '''cathedra''' is the seat used only by the Bishop
** Greek ''kata'' "down" + ''hedra'' "seat, base, chair"
*** from PIE '''*sed-''' "to sit"
* '''catholic'''
* '''catholic'''
** universal, universally accepted
** universal, universally accepted
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** "Chi", written "X", is the "chiasmus" (symbol) for the cross
** "Chi", written "X", is the "chiasmus" (symbol) for the cross
* '''church'''
* '''church'''
** from Latin ''ecclesia'' and Greek ''ekkalein'' for "to call out"  
** a "convocation" or "assembly" especially for religious purposes
** related to Latin ''ecclesia'' and Greek ''ekkalein'' for "to call out"  
*** from [[PIE proto-Indo-European language|PIE]] '''*kele-''' "to shout"
*** from [[PIE proto-Indo-European language|PIE]] '''*kele-''' "to shout"
** but the call is to gather, as in Greek ''ekklēsía which m''eans "assembly"
** the call is to gather, as in Greek ''ekklēsía'' which means "assembly"
** thus the Christian "assembly of the Chosen people before God"
** derived directly from Greek ''Kyriake'' for "what belongs to God"
*** or ''kyriakon'' for "of the Lord"
** thus ''ekklēsía'' (church) = "the assembly of the Chosen people before God"
*** especially regarding Mt. Sanai, where Israel was given the Law
*** especially regarding Mt. Sanai, where Israel was given the Law
*** Christian use of "church" is "as heir to that assembly
*** Christian use of "church" is "as heir to that assembly
*** per and see CCC 751
** see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/198/ CCC 751])
** ''note: ekklēsía'' is related to the Greek translation of the Hebrew "Qahal" which is a reference to the ancient Jewish equivalent of "church" or "church organization"


==== Co ====
==== Co ====
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***''fomes peccati --'' "the tinder for sin" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/324/ CCC 1264])
***''fomes peccati --'' "the tinder for sin" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/324/ CCC 1264])
**''con'' (with) + ''cupere'' (desire) ''-ense'' (in the state of)
**''con'' (with) + ''cupere'' (desire) ''-ense'' (in the state of)
**"Human appetites or desires which remain disordered due to the temporal consequences of original sin, which remain even after Baptism and which produce an inclination to sin" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/874/ CCC Glossary]; see CCC 1264)
**"Human appetites or desires which remain disordered due to the temporal consequences of original sin, which remain even after Baptism and which produce an inclination to sin" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/874/ CCC Glossary]; see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/324/ CCC 1264])
*'''confess'''
*'''confess'''
**''con'' = wtih + ''fess'' from Latin fateri = "to admit"
**''con'' = wtih + ''fess'' from Latin fateri = "to admit"
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*'''consecrate'''
*'''consecrate'''
**"consecrated elements, such as the bread and wine in the Eucharist
**to make holy
**''con'' = with
**"consecrated elements" = such as the bread and wine in the Eucharist
**''con-'' (with) + ''secrare'' (Latin for sacred)


*'''consubstantial'''
*'''consubstantial'''
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**see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/28/ CCC 84]
**see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/28/ CCC 84]
*'''Deuterocanonical books'''
*'''Deuterocanonical books'''
**"deutero" = second, so "belonging to the second canon"
**see entry in below section on the Bible
**seven books from later Old Testament writings that were accepted and studied at the time of Christ
 
***they also included additions to other OT works, including a Psalm
****but which later Jews (after 1st century AD) and, later, Protestants, disregarded
****primarily because of their references to intercessions of the saints, prayers to the dead, purgatory, and resurrection
***Protestants call these books "Apocrypha" and do not consider them canonical
**the books were part of the Septuagint (a Greek translation of the Old Testament), which was the most commonly used OT form during the 1st century A.D. (times of Christ)
**Martin Luther excluded the books of Hebrews, James, Jude and Revelation from his canon (list of divine scripture
***because he claimed these books contradicted ''sola gratia'' (salvation by grace alone) and ''sola fide'' (justification by faith alone)
***Protestant doctrines of justification and salvation are called the "five ''solae''"
**see  
***[https://www.catholic.com/magazine/online-edition/answering-the-most-common-objection-to-the-deuterocanonical-books Answering the Most Common Objection to the Deuterocanonical Books | Catholic Answers Magazine]
***[https://www.saintmina-holmdel.org/phocadownload/Servants/2015-2017/Deuterocanonical%20Books%20P1.pdf#:~:text=Protestants%20reject%20them%20on%202%20grounds%3A%20Jews%20didn%E2%80%99t,%282%20Maccabees%2015%3A14%29%20Intercession%20of%20angels%20%28Tobit%2012%3A12-15%29 The Deuterocanonical Books slide show]
*'''Devil, the / diabolic'''
*'''Devil, the / diabolic'''
**= Satan (see entry below)
**= Satan (see entry below)
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***i.e., "to separate", "separation"
***i.e., "to separate", "separation"
***for the opposite, see '''symbiotic'''
***for the opposite, see '''symbiotic'''
*'''diocese'''
**district or region under control of a Bishop
**Greek ''dia-'' ("throughout") + ''oikos'' (house)
***''oikos'' from PIE root '''*weik-''' for "clan"
*'''disordered'''
**''dis-'' (against) + ''order'' (command)
***order from PIE '''*arə--''' for "fit together"
**used in terms of disordered
***''appetites, desires, passions,''
****= those that go against what we are created for by "command" of God
*'''divine'''
*'''divine'''
**"of God"
**"of God"
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** followed by the "Great Amen"
** followed by the "Great Amen"


=== E ===  
=== E ===
*'''ecclesia'''
 
**from Greek for gathering
==== Ec ====
***-= church << to do
*'''ecclesia/ ecclesiastic'''
**ecclesia = church
***from Greek for gathering (see "church" below)
**so ecclesiastic = "of" or "having to do with" the church
*'''ecclesiology'''
*'''ecclesiology'''
**study of or belief system regarding the Church and its nature
**study of or belief system regarding the Church and its nature
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***regards all things related to end of times, including death, judgment, resurrection, heaven, purgatory, hell
***regards all things related to end of times, including death, judgment, resurrection, heaven, purgatory, hell
***referenced in the Creed
***referenced in the Creed
**from Greek ''eskhatos'' for "last, furthest" in time, space, degree  
**from Greek ''eskhatos'' for "last, furthest" in time, space, degree
**from PIE '''*ehgs-''' for "out" ('''eghs-ko-)''',+ ''-ology'' (study of, branch of knowledge, from Greek ''-logia'')
**from PIE '''*ehgs-''' for "out" ('''eghs-ko-)''',+ ''-ology'' (study of, branch of knowledge, from Greek ''-logia'')
*'''economy'''
*'''economy'''
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*'''ecumenical council'''
*'''ecumenical council'''
*'''elder'''
*'''elder'''
**<< originally priest << to confirm
**generally, "one who has authority" in a community
**from OE ''eald'', ''ald'' for "old"
**in the early Church, elders were those who taught and preached the Gospel
 
==== Em ====
*'''Emmanuel'''
*'''Emmanuel'''
**name for Jesus in Matthew 1:23
**means "God-with-us"
**means "God-with-us"
***= reference to House of David
**from Matthew 1:20-23:
***after telling Joseph that Mary will bear a son "and you are to name him Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/1:23 Mt 1:21])
***Matthew explains
All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had said through the prophet:
“Behold, the virgin shall be with child and bear a son, and they shall name him Emmanuel, which means “God is with us.”
  [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/1:23 Mt 1:23]
**"Emmanuel" is a synonymous reference to but not the given name for Jesus (which was given him at his circumcision; see [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/luke/2:21 Lk 2:21])
***Emmanuel is a reference to House of David and fulfillment of God's promise to restore Judah in [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/isaiah/7?14 Isaiah 7:14]
**see "Jesus" entry below
**see "Jesus" entry below
*'''Epiclesis'''
*'''Epiclesis'''
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**related to "shepherd"
**related to "shepherd"
*'''Epistle'''
*'''Epistle'''
**"a letter"
**"a letter"
**from Greek ''epi-'' (to) + ''stellei'' (to dispatch or send)
**from Greek ''epi-'' (to) + ''stellei'' (to dispatch or send)
***PIE '''*stel-''' "to put, stand, put in order"
***PIE '''*stel-''' "to put, stand, put in order"
*''Etymology''
*'''etymology'''
**study of the origins of words
**study of the origins of words
**from Greek ''etymologia'' for "analysis to find true origin of a word"
**from Greek ''etymologia'' for "analysis to find true origin of a word"
***''etymon = (''true sense) + -''logy (''"word")
***''etymon = (''true sense) + -''logy (''"word")
==== Eu ====
*'''Eucharist'''
*'''Eucharist'''
**sacrament of the Last Supper
**sacrament of the Last Supper
***from Latin ''eucharistia'' and Greek ''eukharistia'' for "thanksgiving, gratitude"
***from Latin ''eucharistia'' and Greek ''eukharistia'' for "thanksgiving, gratitude"
***eu = Greek for "good or well " + ''kharis'' "favor, grace"
***''eu-'' = Greek for "good or well " + ''kharis'' "favor, grace"
****thus includes a sense of "thankfulness", "to be thankful"
****drawing from sense of the verb ''kharizesthai'' "to show favor"
****thus "thankfulness" or "to be thankful"
***additional sense, used by St. Paul in 2 Cor 16:
***"The Greek words ''eucharistein'' and ''eulogein'' recall the Jewish blessings that proclaim - especially during a meal - God's works: creation, redemption, and sanctification." ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/336/ CCC 1328])
***'''Eukharistia''' = "the Lord's Supper"
***'''Eukharistia''' = "the Lord's Supper"
**'''eucharistic'''
**while the Gree word "kharis" (χάρις) means "grace," St. Paul used it in the sense of thanksgiving in [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/2corinthians/8?16 2 Cor 8:16]
**'''host'''
But thanks [χάρις] be to God who put the same concern for you into the heart of Titus
**'''monstrance'''
*'''Eucharistic''' = of or pertaining to the Eucharist or the Liturgy of the Eucharist
*** a vessel, or container, with door open or transparent cover that displays the consecrated Eucharist for adoration
** regarding the eucharistic host:
** '''tabernacle'''  
***'''host''' = the consecrated  Bread (body of Christ)
*** used to store consecrated hosts outside of mass
***'''monstrance =''' a vessel, or container, with door open or transparent cover that displays the consecrated Eucharist for adoration
*** '''tabernacle''' = used to store consecrated hosts outside of mass
* '''evangel'''
* '''evangel'''
** = the gospel/ "the good news"
** = the gospel/ "the good news"
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** from proto-Germanic ''*hailaga'' ("holy")
** from proto-Germanic ''*hailaga'' ("holy")
*** from PIE '''*kailo-''' "whole, uninjured"
*** from PIE '''*kailo-''' "whole, uninjured"
** "holy" means "set apart"
*** as in God is set apart from all things
*** God is not creation, not sinful; he is perfect, "holy"
** '''holiness'''
*** = separation from sin, possession of virtue and dedication to the service of God
* '''Holy Spirit'''
* '''Holy Spirit'''
** Hebrew: "ruah" for "wind"
** Hebrew: "ruah" for "wind"
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*** "'''Spirit of Truth'''" (see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/184/ CCC 692] and [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/194/ CCC 729])
*** "'''Spirit of Truth'''" (see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/184/ CCC 692] and [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/194/ CCC 729])
** in the Sacrament of Confirmation, the Bishop will call down the Holy Spirit as "helper and guide" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/330/ CCC 1299])
** in the Sacrament of Confirmation, the Bishop will call down the Holy Spirit as "helper and guide" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/330/ CCC 1299])
* '''holiness'''
 
** = separation from sin, possession of virtue and dedication to the service of God
* '''homily'''
* '''''Hosana'''''
** sermon or teaching, given by a priest or deacon after the reading of the Gospel
** imperative for "save" or "give salvation!"
** from Greek ''homilia'' for "conversation or discourse" with others (from ''homou'' = "together")
* '''''Hosanna'''''
** "Lord, save us!"
*** imperative for "save" thus, "please give salvation!"
** from Hebrew ''hosha'na'' for "Save us, we pray"
*'''Host'''
*'''Host'''
**the sacramental, Eucharistic bread  
**the sacramental, Eucharistic bread
**from Latin ''hostia'' for "sacrificial victim"
**from Latin ''hostia'' for "sacrificial victim"
**see also the "Lord of Hosts"
**see also the "Lord of Hosts"
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** translated to Greek as ''Hierousalem''
** translated to Greek as ''Hierousalem''
** from Hebrew for "artichoke"
** from Hebrew for "artichoke"
* Jesse Tree
** or "Tree of Jesse"
** depicts the lineage from the father of King David, Jesse of Bethlehem, to Jesus
*** basically, Jesus' family tree
** traditionally an Advent devotion
* Jesus' ancestry from Jesse is drawn from the Book of Isaiah ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/isaiah/11?1 Isa 11:1]):
But a shoot shall sprout from the stump of Jesse,
and from his roots a bud shall blossom.
* '''Jesus'''
* '''Jesus'''
** Hebrew for "God saves"
** Hebrew for "God saves"
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*** also means "intecessor"
*** also means "intecessor"
** see above for Holy Sprit and [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/174/ CCC 692]
** see above for Holy Sprit and [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/174/ CCC 692]
* '''parish'''
** a local church and the community is serves
** from Greek ''paroikia'' for diocese
*** related to ''para'' for near
* '''parochial'''
* '''parochial'''
** of or related to the parish
** of or related to the parish
** "parochial schools"  
** "parochial schools"
* '''Parousia'''
* '''Parousia'''
** the Second Coming of Christ
** the Second Coming of Christ
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** the first gospel was God's testiminoly to Satan, Adam and Eve about what would happen to them
** the first gospel was God's testiminoly to Satan, Adam and Eve about what would happen to them
* '''purgation'''
* '''purgation'''
** Latin ''purgare'' "to cleanse, purify"
* '''Purgatory'''
** the place of purgation for those souls not damned not immediately entered into Heaven


=== Q ===  
=== Q ===  
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*** from Latin ''rectus'' "straight"
*** from Latin ''rectus'' "straight"
*** PIE '''*reg-''' "move in a straight line"
*** PIE '''*reg-''' "move in a straight line"
* '''Rector'''
** priest who is head of a priest
* '''redemption'''
* '''redemption'''
** ''re'' (back to) + ''emere'' (take, buy, gain)
** ''re'' (back to) + ''emere'' (take, buy, gain)
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** Pope Benedict XVI defined it as
** Pope Benedict XVI defined it as
*** "Righteousness is the observance of the right path shown by God"
*** "Righteousness is the observance of the right path shown by God"
* '''rite'''
** a formal religious ceremony
** from Latin ''ritus'' "custom, usage"
** the '''Roman Rite'''
*** = the liturgy (Mass) of the Roman Catholic Church
* '''rosary'''
* '''rosary'''
**a series or "garden" of prayers w/ beads to guide their recitation (saying of the prayers)
**a series or "garden" of prayers w/ beads to guide their recitation (saying of the prayers)
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***which means "little garden of the soul"
***which means "little garden of the soul"


=== S ===  
=== S ===
 
=== Sa ===
*'''sacraments'''
*'''sacraments'''
**"the Seven Mysteries"
**"the Seven Mysteries"
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**the "father of lies" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/8?44 Jn 8:44])
**the "father of lies" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/8?44 Jn 8:44])
**from Hebrew ''satan'' for "adversary, one who plots against another"
**from Hebrew ''satan'' for "adversary, one who plots against another"
=== Sc ===
*'''scatter'''
*'''scatter'''
**from Greek : diabalein
**from Greek : diabalein
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***PIE root '''*skribh-''' "to cut" as in to mark for writing on clay
***PIE root '''*skribh-''' "to cut" as in to mark for writing on clay
****see [https://www.etymonline.com/word/*skribh- Meaning of root *skribh- by etymonline]
****see [https://www.etymonline.com/word/*skribh- Meaning of root *skribh- by etymonline]
*'''secular'''
**"of the word" and not religion
**usually refers to the state (government)
***possibly from PIE '''*sai-''' "to bind, tie"
*'''Senses of Scripture'''
*'''Senses of Scripture'''
**see section below (per table of contents)
**see section below (per table of contents)
Line 1,173: Line 1,284:
**CCC 431:
**CCC 431:
***"Because sin is always an offences against God, only he can forgive it"
***"Because sin is always an offences against God, only he can forgive it"
**"'''Capital Sins'''" or "'''Capital Vices'''" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/458/ CCC 1866])
**"c'''apital sin'''" or "c'''apital vice'''" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/458/ CCC 1866])
**also called the "Seven Deadly Sins"
***''pride, covetousness, lust, anger, gluttony, envy, and sloth''
**capital because these are the "head" of other sins (i.e., lead to them)
**deadly because they lead to death and damnation0
**'''mortal sin'''
***or "deadly sin"
***a willful, serious offense against God
**'''venial sin'''
***an offense against God in a light matter or without full consent of the sinner
***thereby the venial sin does not destroy grace or friendship with God
**vice:
***"Vices can be classified according to the virtues they oppose"
***"Vices can be classified according to the virtues they oppose"
**Mortal Sin
 
**Venial Sin
*'''"sleeper awake"'''
*'''"sleeper awake"'''
**= we are dead in sin (sleeping) and arise, or awake, with Christ
**= we are dead in sin (sleeping) and arise, or awake, with Christ
Line 1,251: Line 1,372:
=== U-V-W ===
=== U-V-W ===


* '''Vicar'''
** a deputy priest
* '''Vicar of Christ'''
* '''Vicar of Christ'''
** the Pope (see Bishop of Rome)
** may also refer, generally to a Bishop
*** Latin ''vicaire'' for "deputy, second in command,"
** thus earthly representative of Christ
* '''veneration'''
** admiration and imitation of the Saints
*** Latin ''venerari'' "to worship, revere,"
**** ''venus'' "beauty, love, desire"
**** PIE root '''*wen-''' "to desire, strive for"
** veneration is not worship
* '''Venerable'''
** a title given to a person who is under consideration for sainthood
* '''venial''' / '''venial sin'''
* '''venial''' / '''venial sin'''
** sin that does not destroy the divine life (CCC 1855)
** sin that does not destroy the divine life (CCC 1855)
Line 1,258: Line 1,393:
*** (<u>note</u>: "venal" means "susceptible or motivated by bribery")
*** (<u>note</u>: "venal" means "susceptible or motivated by bribery")
* '''vocation'''
* '''vocation'''
** a calling
** a calling in life to service to God in a certain state (marriage) or order (priesthood)
** from ''vocare'' "to call"
** from ''vocare'' "to call"
* Vulgate (Bible)
* '''Vulgate (Bible)'''
** also called "Catholic Vulgate" or "Latin Vulgate"
** also called "Catholic Vulgate" or "Latin Vulgate"
*** the Bible translated into Latin
*** the Bible translated into Latin
Line 1,352: Line 1,487:
**the revealed truth of the Holy Trinity is at the very root of the Church's living faith as expressed in the Creed (CCC 232, 237, 249, 253-256)
**the revealed truth of the Holy Trinity is at the very root of the Church's living faith as expressed in the Creed (CCC 232, 237, 249, 253-256)


== Bible structure ==
== Catholic Bible structure ==


* 46 Old Testament and 27 New Testament books
* 46 Old Testament books
* 27 New Testament books
* here for list of the [[Books of the Bible with abbreviations]]


=== Old Testament ===
=== Old Testament ===


* four sections
* '''Pentateuch'''
** '''Pentateuch'''
* '''Historical books'''
** '''Historical books'''
* '''Wisdom'''
** '''Wisdom'''
* '''Prophets'''
** '''Prophets'''


==== Deuterocanonical books ====
*"deutero" = second, so "belonging to the second canon"
*seven books from later Old Testament writings that were accepted and studied at the time of Christ
**they also included additions to other OT works, including a Psalm
***but which later Jews (after 1st century AD) and, later, Protestants, disregarded
***primarily because of their references to intercessions of the saints, prayers to the dead, purgatory, resurrection of the body and confession
**Protestants call these books "Apocrypha" and do not consider them canonical
*the books were part of the Septuagint (a Greek translation of the Old Testament), which was the most commonly used OT form during the 1st century A.D. (times of Christ)
*Martin Luther excluded the books of Hebrews, James, Jude and Revelation from his canon (list of divine scripture
**because he claimed these books contradicted ''sola gratia'' (salvation by grace alone) and ''sola fide'' (justification by faith alone)
**Protestant doctrines of justification and salvation are called the "five ''solae''"
*see
**[https://www.catholic.com/magazine/online-edition/answering-the-most-common-objection-to-the-deuterocanonical-books Answering the Most Common Objection to the Deuterocanonical Books | Catholic Answers Magazine]
**[https://www.saintmina-holmdel.org/phocadownload/Servants/2015-2017/Deuterocanonical%20Books%20P1.pdf#:~:text=Protestants%20reject%20them%20on%202%20grounds%3A%20Jews%20didn%E2%80%99t,%282%20Maccabees%2015%3A14%29%20Intercession%20of%20angels%20%28Tobit%2012%3A12-15%29 The Deuterocanonical Books slide show]
=== New Testament ===
=== New Testament ===
* '''Gospels'''
* '''Gospels'''
* '''Acts'''
* '''Acts'''
Line 1,371: Line 1,520:
* '''Catholic Epistles'''  
* '''Catholic Epistles'''  
* '''Revelation'''
* '''Revelation'''
== Ten Commandments ==
== Ten Commandments ==


Line 1,418: Line 1,566:


== Senses of Scripture: modes of interpretation ==
== Senses of Scripture: modes of interpretation ==
*the "Four Senses of Scripture":
 
=== The "Four Senses of Scripture" ===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Literal'''the direct meaning of the text
|'''Literal'''<br>the direct meaning of the text
|'''Allegorical'''the metaphorical meaning or analogy presented by the tex
|'''Allegorical'''<br>the metaphorical meaning or analogy presented by the tex
|-
|-
|'''Moral''' (also called "Tropological")
|'''Moral'''<br>(also called "Tropological")<br>
the moral lesson from the text, or lesson on difference between right and wrong
the moral lesson from the text, or lesson on difference between right and wrong
|'''Anagogical'''how to apply the lesson of the text into our lives and faith
|'''Anagogical'''<br>how to apply the lesson of the text into our lives and faith
|}
|}


* Scripture frequently operates at multiple levels of "literal" (means exactly what it says) or "figurative" (it suggests or references something else or a larger idea)
* Scripture frequently operates at multiple levels of "literal" (means exactly what it says) or "figurative" (it suggests or references something else or a larger idea)
** <u>example</u>:
* Augustine of Dacia (13th Century; CCC 118) taught:
 
''The Letter speaks of deeds; Allegory to faith;''
''The Moral how to act; Anagogy our destiny''
 
* examples of employing the Four Senses of Scripture:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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|Jerusalem as salvation: what we must do to get there
|Jerusalem as salvation: what we must do to get there
|}
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Interpreting [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/16:5 "The Leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees" (Mt 16:5-12)]
!Mode or "sense"
!Meaning
|-
|Literal
|Jesus tells the Apostles, “Look out, and beware of the leaven* of the Pharisees and Sadducees” and they say among themselves, “It is because we have brought no bread," thus taking Jesus' analogy literally.
The literal meaning is that the Pharisees and Sadducees use yeast in their bread, which transforms the bread from its original form (leaven, such as yeast, is used to make bread "rise").
|-
|Allegorical
|Jesus admonishes them, "You of little faith, why do you conclude among yourselves that it is because you have no bread?" And, in a rare moment in the Gospels, Jesus explains the analogy: "How do you not comprehend that I was not speaking to you about bread? Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees.” Thus, their "leaven" corrupts the teachings of God.
|-
|Moral
|Beware of false teachers.
|-
|Anagogical
|If we focus on Christ, we will not stray from God.
|}
* see also [https://www.usccb.org/bible/national-bible-week/upload/viviano-senses-scripture.pdf Viviano-SensesofScripture.indd (usccb.org)]


* Augustine of Dacia (13th Century; CCC 118) taught:
''The Letter speaks of deeds; Allegory to faith;''
''The Moral how to act; Anagogy our destiny''
see also [https://www.usccb.org/bible/national-bible-week/upload/viviano-senses-scripture.pdf Viviano-SensesofScripture.indd (usccb.org)]
*
== Sermon on the Mount ==
== Sermon on the Mount ==


* The "Sermon on the Mount" is the first set of teachings in the Book of Matthew
* The "Sermon on the Mount" is the first set of teachings in the Book of Matthew
* it begins in Matthew Chapter 5 ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/5 Mt 5:1-2])
* it begins in Matthew Chapter 5 ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/5 Mt 5:1-2])
  When he saw the crowds,* he went up the mountain, and after he had sat down, his disciples came to him. He began to teach them, saying:
  When he saw the crowds,* he went up the mountain, and after he had sat down, his disciples came to him. He began to teach them, saying: ...
* Verses 3-12 are "the Beatitudes"
* Verses 3-12 are "'''the Beatitudes'''"
* The Beatitudes are at the heart of Jesus' preaching. They take up the promises made to the chosen people since Abraham. The Beatitudes fulfill the promises by ordering them no longer merely to the possession of a territory, but to the Kingdom of heaven ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/428/ CCC 1717])
* The Beatitudes are at the heart of Jesus' preaching. They take up the promises made to the chosen people since Abraham. The Beatitudes fulfill the promises by ordering them no longer merely to the possession of a territory, but to the Kingdom of heaven ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/428/ CCC 1717])
* the Gospel of Luke, also records Jesus' teachings on the Beatitudes, Chapter [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/luke/6?20 6:20-23]
* the Gospel of Luke, also records Jesus' teachings on the Beatitudes, Chapter [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/luke/6?20 6:20-23]
** in what is called in Luke the "Sermon on the Plain"
** in what is called in Luke the "Sermon on the Plain"
** so Luke records a similar teaching by Jesus at another place
** so Luke records a similar teaching by Jesus at another place
* notes on details:
** "he went up to the mountain" = as Mosel went up the mountain to receive the Ten Commandments, Jesus pronounces the New Law from a mountain top
** "after he had sat down" = in Jewish culture, a teacher sits to teach
** "his disciples came to him" = Jesus requires that his followers choose him (he selects the Apostles, telling some of them, "Follow me."


== Beatitudes from the Gospel of Matthew ==
== Beatitudes from the Gospel of Matthew ==
Line 1,538: Line 1,709:
  For my yoke is easy, and my burden light.
  For my yoke is easy, and my burden light.


== Sermon on the Mount (con't) ==
== Sermon on the Mount (continuing after the Beatitudes) ==


* after the Beatitudes, the Sermon on the Mount continues
* after the Beatitudes, the Sermon on the Mount continues
Line 1,616: Line 1,787:
  Do not worry about tomorrow; tomorrow will take care of itself. Sufficient for a day is its own evil. (Mt 6:34)
  Do not worry about tomorrow; tomorrow will take care of itself. Sufficient for a day is its own evil. (Mt 6:34)


== '''Beatitudes & Woes from the Gospel of Luke''' ==
== Beatitudes & Woes from the Gospel of Luke ==
* from the "'''Sermon on the Plain'''" in the Book of [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/luke/6?20 Luke 6:20-23]
* from the "'''Sermon on the Plain'''" in the Book of [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/luke/6?20 Luke 6:20-23]
* = same as five of the Beatitudes from Matthew Ch. 5, worded slightly differently
* = same as five of the Beatitudes from Matthew Ch. 5, worded slightly differently
Line 1,646: Line 1,817:
  Woe to you when all speak well of you, for their ancestors treated the false prophets in this way.
  Woe to you when all speak well of you, for their ancestors treated the false prophets in this way.


== "Our Father" prayer ==
== Nicene Creed ==
*''oratio Dominica''
{| class="wikitable"
*also,  
|+Parts of the Creed: “The three chapters of our [baptismal] seal” ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/54/ CCC 190])
**"Lord's Prayer"
| colspan="2" |
=== Part 1: The first divine Person and the wonderful work of creation ===
|-
|'''I believe in one God, the Father almighty,'''
 
'''maker of heaven and earth,'''
 
'''of all things visible and invisible.'''
|
* “The faithful first profess their belief in God” ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/56/ CCC 199])
 
* The confession of God's oneness, which has its roots in the divine revelation of the Old Covenant, is inseparable from the profession of God's existence and is equally fundamental. God is unique; there is only one God: "The Christian faith confesses that God is one in nature, substance and essence.“ ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/56/ CCC 200])
|-
| colspan="2" |
=== Part 2: The second divine Person and the mystery of his redemption of men ===
|-
|'''I believe in one Lord Jesus Christ,'''
 
'''the Only Begotten Son of God,'''
 
'''born of the Father before all ages.'''
 
'''God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God,'''
 
'''begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father;'''
 
'''through him all things were made.'''
|
* Jesus affirms “the one Lord” ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/12?29 Mk 12:29-30]) and also that he himself is the Lord ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/12?35 Mk 12:35-37])
 
* confession of Jesus as Lord (or of the Holy Spirit) in no way contradicts belief in One God ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/56/ CCC 202])
 
** “He was in the beginning with God.([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/1?2 Jn 1:2])
 
** Jesus Christ is true God and true man” ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/118/ CCC 464])
 
* “begotten not made” = the Son is of the Father and not created; ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/118/ CCC 465])
 
* Jesus says, “No one knows the Son except the Father, and no one knows the Father except the Son and any one to whom the Son chooses to reveal him” ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/11?27 Mt 11:27] from [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/64/ CCC 240])
 
* "All things came to be through him, and without him nothing came to be” ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/1?3 Jn 1:3])
|-
|'''For us men and for our salvation he came down from heaven,'''
 
'''[bow during the next two lines:]'''
 
'''and by the Holy Spirit was incarnate of the Virgin Mary,'''
 
'''and became man.'''
|
* The Good News: God has sent his Son ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/108/ CCC Pt. I 2:2])
 
* The Word became flesh so that thus we might know God's love ... "For God so loved the world that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.“ ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/3?16 Jn 3:16] from [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/116/ CCC 458])
 
* so that we may be "partakers of the divine nature" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/2peter/1?4 2 Pet 1:4] per [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/116/ CCC 460])
 
•the Son of God assumed a human nature in order to accomplish our salvation in it. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/116/ CCC 461])
 
•“And being found in human form he humbled himself and became obedient unto death, even death on a cross” ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/philippians/2?7 Phil 2:7-8] per [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/116/ CCC 461])
 
•The Annunciation to Mary inaugurates "the fullness of time", the time of the fulfillment of God's promises and preparations. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/124/ CCC 484])
 
•The Virgin Mary "cooperated through free faith and obedience in human salvation" (LG 56). She uttered her yes "in the name of all human nature" (St. Thomas Aquinas, STh III, 30, 1). By her obedience she became the new Eve, mother of the living. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/130/ CCC 511])
|-
|'''For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate,'''
 
'''he suffered death and was buried,'''
 
'''and rose again on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures.'''
 
'''He ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father.'''
 
'''He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead'''
 
'''and his kingdom will have no end.'''
|
* For overview of Catholic belief in Christ, see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/108/ CCC 423]
 
* God's saving plan was accomplished "once for all" by the redemptive death of his Son Jesus Christ. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/148/ CCC 571])
 
* CHRIST'S REDEMPTIVE DEATH IN GOD'S PLAN OF SALVATION (title, [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/156/ CCC Pt 1, 2,4])
 
* The Scriptures had foretold this divine plan of salvation through the putting to death of "the righteous one, my Servant" as a mystery of universal redemption, that is, as the ransom that would free men from the slavery of sin.([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/156/ CCC 601])
 
* "Christ died and lived again, that he might be Lord both of the dead and of the living.” ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/romans/14?9 Rom 14:9], from [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/176/ CCC 668])
 
* Christ is Lord of eternal life. Full right to pass definitive judgment on the works and hearts of men belongs to him as redeemer of the world. He "acquired" this right by his cross. The Father has given "all judgment to the Son". Yet the Son did not come to judge, but to save and to give the life he has in himself. By rejecting grace in this life, one already judges oneself, receives according to one's works, and can even condemn oneself for all eternity by rejecting the Spirit of love. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/178/ CCC 679])
|-
| colspan="2" |
 
=== Part 3: The third divine Person, the origin and source of our sanctification ===
|-
|'''I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,'''
 
'''who proceeds from the Father and the Son,'''
 
'''who with the Father and the Son is adored and glorified,'''
 
'''who has spoken through the prophets.'''
|
* "Holy Spirit" is the proper name of the one whom we adore and glorify with the Father and the Son. The Church has received this name from the Lord and professes it in the Baptism of her new children. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/184/ CCC 691])
 
* Through his grace, the Holy Spirit is the first to awaken faith in us and to communicate to us the new life, which is to "know the Father and the one whom he has sent, Jesus Christ." ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/180/ CCC 684])
 
* To believe in the Holy Spirit is to profess that the Holy Spirit is one of the persons of the Holy Trinity, consubstantial with the Father and the Son: "with the Father and the Son he is worshipped and glorified.“ ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/182/ CCC 685])
 
* The mission of Christ and the Holy Spirit is brought to completion in the Church, which is the Body of Christ and the Temple of the Holy Spirit. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/196/ CCC 737])
 
* For the symbols of the Holy Spirit see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/184/ CCC 694-701]
|-
|'''I believe in one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church.'''
'''I confess one baptism for the forgiveness of sins'''
 
'''and I look forward to the resurrection of the dead'''
 
'''and the life of the world to come.'''
 
'''Amen.'''
|
* To believe that the Church is "holy" and "catholic," and that she is "one" and "apostolic" (as the Nicene Creed adds), is inseparable from belief in God, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/198/ CCC 750])
 
* The Church is both the means and the goal of God's plan: prefigured in creation, prepared for in the Old Covenant, founded by the words and actions of Jesus Christ, fulfilled by his redeeming cross and his Resurrection, the Church has been manifested as the mystery of salvation by the outpouring of the Holy Spirit. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/206/ CCC 778])
 
* Summary [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/232/ CCC 866-870]:
** '''The Church is one''': she acknowledges one Lord, confesses one faith, is born of one Baptism, forms only one Body, is given life by the one Spirit, for the sake of one hope...
** '''The Church is holy''': the Most Holy God is her author; Christ, her bridegroom, gave himself up to make her holy; the Spirit of holiness gives her life. ... Her holiness shines in the saints; in Mary she is already all-holy.
** '''The Church is catholic''': she proclaims the fullness of the faith. She bears in herself and administers the totality of the means of salvation. She is sent out to all peoples. She speaks to all men. She encompasses all times.
** '''The Church is apostolic'''. She is built on a lasting foundation: "the twelve apostles of the Lamb" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/revelation/21?14 Rev 21:14]). She is indestructible (cf. [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/16?18 Mt 16:18]). She is upheld infallibly in the truth: Christ governs her through Peter and the other apostles, who are present in their successors, the Pope and the college of bishops.
 
* Faith is necessary for salvation. The Lord himself affirms: "He who believes and is baptized will be saved; but he who does not believe will be condemned" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/16?16 Mk 16:16] from [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/50/ CCC 183])
 
* All the sacraments, and principally those of Christian initiation, have as their goal the last Passover of the child of God which, through death, leads him into the life of the Kingdom. Then what he confessed in faith and hope will be fulfilled: "I look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come.“ ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/420/ CCC 1680])
|-
|
|
|}
 
== "Our Father" prayer ==
*''oratio Dominica''
*also,  
**"Lord's Prayer"
**''Pater Noster''
**''Pater Noster''
*"taught and given to us by the Lord Jesus." ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/664/ CCC 2765])
*"taught and given to us by the Lord Jesus." ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/664/ CCC 2765])
**
*doxology
*minor doxology
**the Didache (a collection of early Church teachings, c. AD 50-120) taught the Lord's Prayer with an ending minor doxology
"for Thine is the power and the glory for ever" ([https://www.earlychristianwritings.com/text/didache-roberts.html Didache, Ch. 8])
*>> to do
*>> to do
*Saint Augustine of Hippo:
**https://www.crossroadsinitiative.com/media/articles/ourfatheronthelordsprayer/


== Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit ==
== Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit ==
Line 1,683: Line 2,002:


== Catechism translations ==
== Catechism translations ==
<nowiki>**</nowiki> section under construction **
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Chapter One: Man's Capacity for God
|+Chapter One: Man's Capacity for God
Retrieved from "https://school4schools.wiki/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/4457...4594"