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AP US History vocabulary list: Difference between revisions
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== General terms to know for US History == | == General terms to know for US History == | ||
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<ul><li>{{#tip-text:abolitionism|the movement to end slavery; abolition, abolitionist; see also emancipation}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:aristocratic|of high social status, usually conferred by birth; note "titles of nobility" are banned by US Constitution}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:blue collar v. white collar| blue collar = workers, in reference to the blue "coveralls" laborers may wear (originally clothing made of denim or coarse fabric); white = refernence to the collars of a white dress shirt}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:cession|leaving the Union or a state }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:chain migration|migration that follows existing personal, usually family, or other connections, such as a job skill or labor organization, thus a "chain" }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:class warfare|political posturing by emphasizing differences between social and economic classes; historically, a Democratic political strategy}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:''de facto'' v. ''de jure''|"in fact" v. "in law"; ''de facto'' means something that exists in practice; whereas ''de jure'' means a practice according to law}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:delegate (as noun and verb)|n: a representative to a political body; v. to assign or pass along a task, power, or sovereignty}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:direct tax|a tax that is applied "directly" to persons as opposed to an activity or material; the income tax is a "direct" tax, which required Constitutional amendment to allow under the law}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:disenfranchised|not allowd to vote}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:dissent|to disagree or protest, usually in terms of a standing law or political opinion; in the Supreme Courts, a "dissenting" judge disagrees with the marjoity opinion}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:domestic|related to national as opposed to overseas or international affairs}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:duties| taxes on importation or sale of goods; "duties" usually refers to taxes on imported goods; note that "duties" constituted the largest source of revenue for the federal government up until the mid-20th century, when the personal and corporate income taxes were imposed at higher rates than when first introduced in 1914; after the Civil War up until that time, import duties constituted about half of federal revenues, with excise taxes (taxes on sale of certain goods) were about 40% of federal revenue; prior to the Civil War, import duties were the source of up to 90% of federal income; note the federal government also received significant revenue from land sales, mineral rights, etc.) }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:emancipation|the act or process of freeing slaves (abolition)}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:embargo| to block or restrict access to something (Embargo Act of 1807, which restricted trade with Britain and France); embargo is usually in reference to a practical or legal exclusion of trade, or of a physical "naval blockade", such as the US embargo of Cuba in 1926; a naval blockade may be considered an act of war}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:equity| the notion that the laws must be applied equally; also a reference to capital ownership of a company (stock ownership = "equity"}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:excise tax|a tax upon a certain good, product or transaction}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:federal|in reference to the central, or "federal" government, and as opposed to state or local governments}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:franchise| = "the vote"; thus "disenfranchised" means to not have the right to vote}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:hegemony/hegomonic|control or rule of another country without direct military occupation; also used to describe the power of one body or person over another without directly managing that body or person ("hegemonic power"}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:imperialism| acts by a country of overseas conquest, possession or imposition; US imperialism started with the Spanish-American War (1896); U.S. foreign policy after WWII hgas been seen as "imperialistic" in the sense that it imposes U.S. policies or desires upon other nations; see "hegemony" }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:indemnity| in international affairs, money paid as compensation for some loss, especially following a war}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:intolerance| unwillingness to accept views, beliefs or persons different from oneself; in international affairs; the "Intolerable Acts" was a name given by the American colonists who opposed a series of Acts of Parliament called by England the "Coercive Acts"}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:laissez-faire| from French for "to leave alone"; used as reference to government non-intervention in the economy, usually regarding corporations; "laissez-faire" has a negative connotation, whereas supporters of government non-interference in the economy refer to that point of view as "libertarian"}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:mercantilism| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:nativism| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:nullify / nullification| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Old World v. New World| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:political|from Greek ''polis'' for "city"; governance or organization of a group of people; operates at all levels, as in local, state or national "politics" }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:popular sovereignty 1850s political stance that held that territories and states should accept or not accept the practice of slavery based upon a vote of the people (i.e., "popular"; sovereignty = rule}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:precedent| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:prohibition| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:"Republican motherhood"| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:state|a sovereign political unit; in the "United States" the states are }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:states rights| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:segregation| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:socialism| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:suffrage| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:suffragette| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:tariff| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:temperance movement| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:unalienable| >>definition here }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:United States|so-called because of the "union" of independent states that joined to form a single country}}</ul></li> | |||
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