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<ul><li>{{#tip-text:impressment|}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:impressment|}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Midnight Appointments| just before close of his presidency, Adams made last minute appointments of federal officers and magistrates, including that of John Marshall to be Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; Jeffersonians mocked the appointments as "Midnight Judges"; and refused to deliver any remaining appointments when he took office, including that of William Marbury}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Midnight Appointments| just before close of his presidency, Adams made last minute appointments of federal officers and magistrates, including that of John Marshall to be Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; Jeffersonians mocked the appointments as "Midnight Judges"; and refused to deliver any remaining appointments when he took office, including that of William Marbury}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Principles of '98| reference to the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of 1798 that protested the extension of federal powers to enforce the Alien and Sedition Acts; the Principles of '98 were never officially adopted by any state, and several states specifically objected to them, upholding the Supremacy Clause, especially regarding the power of the Supreme Court to rule on federal law}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions| in opposition to the Alien and Sedition acts, the states of Virginia and Kentucky issued statements condemning the Acts and calling them unconstitutional; authored in secret by Madison and Jefferson, the Resolutions outlined the theory of nullification that the Federal government was a compact of states, so the states could withhold their agreement to that or part of that compact; it also argued that the federal government only had the power to enforce crimes specifically outlined in the Constitution (which much of the Alien and Sedition Acts exceeded); George Washington was appalled by the Resolutions, and presciently warned that if pursued they would lead to dissolution of the union}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions| in opposition to the Alien and Sedition acts, the states of Virginia and Kentucky issued statements condemning the Acts and calling them unconstitutional; authored in secret by Madison and Jefferson, the Resolutions outlined the theory of nullification that the Federal government was a compact of states, so the states could withhold their agreement to that or part of that compact; it also argued that the federal government only had the power to enforce crimes specifically outlined in the Constitution (which much of the Alien and Sedition Acts exceeded); George Washington was appalled by the Resolutions, and presciently warned that if pursued they would lead to dissolution of the union}}</ul></li> | ||
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