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AP US History vocabulary list: Difference between revisions
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=== War of 1812 === | === War of 1812 === | ||
Following border tensions, frontier disputes over the British arming of native tribes, and outrage at British impressment of American sailors, American militia and naval forces attacked British Canada | Following border tensions, frontier disputes over the British arming of native tribes, and outrage at British impressment of American sailors, American militia and naval forces attacked British Canada. The British attached Baltimore and Washington DC, which was burned in retaliation for American burning of the Canadian capital at Ottawa. The war ended a parity with not major advantage to either side. But despite a clear victory, the Americans considered it a great success for having fended off the strongest empire in the world, and the war led to greater American unity and the "Era of Good Feelings." | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Battle of Tippecanoe|1811 in Indiana Territory; in 1809, Shawnee chief Tecumseh reorganized the Western Confederacy of tribes to oppose American settlement; his brother, Tenskwatawa, considered by the tribes a prophet, provided "nativist ideology" of resistance to American settlement and cultural "purification", which bridged tribal differences (who had language barriers); Tecumseh allied himself with British agents; in 1811, the Governor of the territory, William Henry Harrison (later a President), attacked "Prophetstown" while Tecumseh was travelling to the west to gather support from other tribes; the army destroyed the town and effectively ended Tecumseh's insurgency, although he fought actively with the British during the War of 1812, including in the British capture of Ft. Detroit}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Battle of Tippecanoe|1811 in Indiana Territory; in 1809, Shawnee chief Tecumseh reorganized the Western Confederacy of tribes to oppose American settlement; his brother, Tenskwatawa, considered by the tribes a prophet, provided "nativist ideology" of resistance to American settlement and cultural "purification", which bridged tribal differences (who had language barriers); Tecumseh allied himself with British agents; in 1811, the Governor of the territory, William Henry Harrison (later a President), attacked "Prophetstown" while Tecumseh was travelling to the west to gather support from other tribes; the army destroyed the town and effectively ended Tecumseh's insurgency, although he fought actively with the British during the War of 1812, including in the British capture of Ft. Detroit}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Hartford Convention 1814-15|Federalist convention to oppose the War of 1812; northeastern federalists objected to the war, especially in the face of effective British naval embargo of American ships into 1813; some Boston banks refused to loan needed funds to the US Government; the Convention called for Constitutional amendments to require 2/3rds majority vote to declare war and admit new states; the most radical of the attendees called for secession of New England states from the union; the Convention was poorly received and led to the collapse of the Federalist party (replaced by the Whigs)}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Hartford Convention 1814-15|Federalist convention to oppose the War of 1812; northeastern federalists objected to the war, especially in the face of effective British naval embargo of American ships into 1813; some Boston banks refused to loan needed funds to the US Government; the Convention called for Constitutional amendments to require 2/3rds majority vote to declare war and admit new states; the most radical of the attendees called for secession of New England states from the union; the Convention was poorly received and led to the collapse of the Federalist party (replaced by the Whigs)}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:impressment|starting in 1807, the British Navy increased its pressure on American vessels trading with France and seized American sailors who were of British birth, even if they were American citizens; the British Navy even seized entire cargos and ships; the events led to outrage and anti-British sentiment and contributed to the outbreak of the War of 1812 }}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:impressment|starting in 1807, the British Navy increased its pressure on American vessels trading with France and seized American sailors who were of British birth, even if they were American citizens; the British Navy even seized entire cargos and ships; the events led to outrage and anti-British sentiment and contributed to the outbreak of the War of 1812 }}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><il>{{#tip-text:Treaty of Ghent|Dec 1814; ended the War of 1812; both sides were ready for an end and adopted the treaty quickly, despite not real change in the border situations that preceded the war, including the Canadian border; Britain agreed do return freed slaves, but ultimately compensated the US government for them; the treaty was signed prior to the final battle at New Orleans on Jan 8, 1815, which launched the political career of General Andrew Jackson; more directly, the Treaty enhanced the prestige of John Quincy Adams (son of John Adams) who negotiated it}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul>< | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:War Hawks|western Jeffersonians (Republicans) who blamed Britain for violating treaties and inciting indian attacks on American settlers and outposts; the British did arm tribes, including the Shawnee under chief Tecumseh}}</ul></li> | ||
* War of 1812 | * War of 1812 | ||
=== Madison second term === | === Madison second term === | ||
* [[File:Adams_onis_map.png|thumb|Adams Onis Treaty map (1819)]]Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819 | * [[File:Adams_onis_map.png|thumb|Adams Onis Treaty map (1819)]]Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819 | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Compromise of 1820|also called the "Missouri Compromise; = agreement to enter Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, in order to keep the balance of free/slave-state power in the Senate. The Compromise set the 36'30" parallel, which ran at the southern border of Missouri, as the boundary for slavery in new territories and states; the Compromise fell apart following the Mexican-American War and later introduction of "popular sovereignty" to decide free or slave for the Nebraska territory}}</ul></li> | |||
* Era of Good Feelings | * Era of Good Feelings | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Missouri Compromise|another name for the Compromise of 1820}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Monroe Doctrine|1823, Monroe issued a warning to Spain and Europe in general to stay out of the internal affairs of the Americas; its issuance followed the Rush-Bagot Treaty of 1817 which limited British and American military presence on the the Great Lakes and the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 the "doctrine" was promoted by John Quincy Adams, Monroe's Secretary of State; the Doctrine was an exercise of American diplomatic power and coincided with the collapse of Spanish control of the Americas, as its colonies began to declare independence, starting with Venezuela in 1811 and most importantly by Mexico in 1821}}</ul</il> | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||